Angle and spin resolved Auger emission physics deals with the theoretical and numerical description, analysis and interpretation of such types of experiments on free atoms and molecules. This monograph derives the general theory applying the density matrix formalism and, in terms of irreducible tensorial sets, so called state multipoles and order parameters, for parameterizing the atomic and molecular systems, respectively. It is the first book on angle and spin-resolved Auger emission.
Author(s): Bernd Lohmann
Edition: 1
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2008
Language: English
Pages: 348
Tags: Физика;Практикумы, экспериментальная физика и физические методы исследования;
cover-large.TIF......Page 1
front-matter.pdf......Page 2
Foreword......Page 7
Preface......Page 9
Contents......Page 13
Introduction to Angle and Spin Resolved Auger Emission......Page 17
Theory......Page 27
General Considerations......Page 28
Angle and Spin Resolved Auger Emission......Page 29
Coordinate Frame and General Symmetries......Page 30
Electron and Photon Polarization......Page 31
Ionization with Unpolarized Electrons or Photons......Page 32
Ionization with Linearly Polarized Photons......Page 33
Definition and Basic Relations......Page 35
Tensor Operators and State Multipoles......Page 36
Properties of State Multipoles......Page 37
Primary Ionization-Excitation......Page 38
Photoionization......Page 39
Photoexcitation......Page 44
Electron Impact Excitation......Page 45
Electron Impact Ionization......Page 50
General Formalism......Page 53
General Equations......Page 58
Relative Parameters......Page 60
The Case of Electron Impact......Page 67
Generation of Spin Polarization out of Alignment......Page 70
The Case of Photoionization-Excitation......Page 72
Photoionization-Excitation for Arbitrarily Oriented Coordinate Frames......Page 74
Interrelations Between the Angular Distribution and Spin Polarization Parameters of Auger Emission......Page 75
Resonant Auger Transitions......Page 84
General Equations for Arbitrarily Oriented Coordinate Frames......Page 85
Special Cases: Unpolarized Photon Beam......Page 87
Special Cases: Circularly Polarized Photon Beam......Page 88
Linearly Polarized Beam, eta1 <>0......Page 89
Linearly Polarized Beam, eta3 <>0......Page 90
Beam Polarization eta3 = 1......Page 91
Beam Polarization eta3 = -1......Page 92
Spin Polarization of Isotropic Auger Multiplets......Page 93
Intermediate Ionic Hole State with J = 1......Page 94
Intermediate Ionic Hole State with J = 3/2......Page 95
The Case of an Unresolved Resonance......Page 96
Asymmetry Parameters for Auger Emission After Electron Impact......Page 97
Neglect of Spin-Dependent Forces......Page 99
Polarization Asymmetry Parameters......Page 100
Linear Dichroism for Auger Electrons from Unpolarized Targets......Page 104
Numerical Methods......Page 106
The Bound State Wavefunctions......Page 107
The Model Potential......Page 109
Exchange Potentials......Page 112
The Continuum Wavefunction......Page 113
The Anisotropy Parameters......Page 117
The Reduced Matrix Elements......Page 118
The Slater Integrals......Page 124
The Extended RATR Program......Page 125
Properties of the RATR Package......Page 126
Application Modes of RATR......Page 129
Influence of Relativistic and Exchange Effects......Page 130
Applications and Examples......Page 132
Angular Anisotropy of Auger Electrons from Noble Gases......Page 134
Anisotropy Parameters......Page 135
Kr M4,5N2,3N2,3......Page 136
Xe N4,5O2,3O2,3......Page 137
Complete Data Sets for Noble Gases......Page 138
Ar L3M2,3M2,3......Page 140
Kr M4,5N2,3N2,3 and Xe N4,5O2,3O2,3......Page 141
Observable Degree of Spin Polarization......Page 142
Complete Data Sets for the Considered Auger Transitions......Page 145
Spin Polarization for Isotropic Auger Multiplets......Page 148
Complete Data Sets......Page 155
Comparison with Experimental Data......Page 157
Calculational Details......Page 159
Configuration Mixing......Page 160
Relative Intensities......Page 162
Angular Distribution - Anisotropy Parameters......Page 164
Spin Polarization Parameters......Page 165
Angular Anisotropy of Resonant Auger Decay......Page 167
Propensity Rules for Dynamic Spin Polarization Parameters......Page 171
General Considerations......Page 178
Experimental Details and Set-Up......Page 180
Determination of Transferred and Dynamic Spin Polarization......Page 181
Numerical Calculation Methods......Page 182
Analysis and Comparison of Theoretical and Experimental Data......Page 183
Configuration-Interaction Induced Dynamic Spin Polarization......Page 186
The KLL Auger Spectra of the Alkalis......Page 190
General Considerations......Page 191
Alkali KLL Spectra and Designation of States......Page 192
Auger Transition Energies......Page 193
General Considerations......Page 194
Cesium......Page 195
Potassium and Rubidium......Page 198
Comparison with Other Data......Page 201
Angular Anisotropy of KLL Open Shell Auger Lines......Page 204
Sodium......Page 208
Potassium......Page 209
Rubidium and Cesium......Page 210
The KLL Auger Spectrum of Atomic Oxygen......Page 211
The Structure of the Spectrum......Page 213
Auger Energies of the Oxygen KLL Spectra......Page 214
General Considerations......Page 215
KL1L2,3 Transitions......Page 217
The O KLL Spectrum......Page 218
Comparison with Other Data......Page 219
Angular Distribution of the KLL Auger Lines......Page 220
Molecular Auger Processes......Page 226
Basic Framework......Page 228
Characterization of the Molecular Ensemble M+......Page 229
Angular Distribution of Molecular Auger Electrons......Page 233
General Expressions......Page 235
Transversely Polarized Electron Beam......Page 237
The Problem of Factorization......Page 238
Significance of the Coherence Terms......Page 239
Numerical Methods......Page 241
Calculations for HF......Page 242
General Remarks......Page 244
Basic Framework......Page 245
Description of Anisotropic Axis Distributions......Page 247
Symmetry Properties of the Order Parameters......Page 248
Examples and Geometrical Interpretations......Page 250
Basic Equations......Page 251
General Theory......Page 254
Application of Symmetry Arguments......Page 256
Conclusion and Outlook......Page 259
Clebsch-Gordan Coefficients and 3j-Symbols......Page 267
Racah Coefficients and 6j-Symbols......Page 269
9j-Symbols......Page 272
Transformation Properties of Angular Momentum Under Rotation......Page 277
Symmetry Properties of Rotation Matrices......Page 279
The Clebsch-Gordan Series and its Inverse......Page 280
Integrals Over Rotation Matrices......Page 281
Relation with the Spherical Harmonics......Page 282
Left-Right Asymmetry of Rotation Matrices......Page 283
Definition and Basic Properties......Page 286
Tensorial Products of Irreducible Tensor Operators......Page 288
Expansion of Dipole Matrix Elements......Page 291
Expansion of Matrix Elements......Page 293
Derivation of Anisotropy Parameters......Page 294
References......Page 301
Index......Page 312
