Anatomy Essentials For Dummies

Title Page......Page 3
Copyright Page......Page 4
Table of Contents......Page 7
About This Book......Page 13
Icons Used in This Book......Page 14
Where to Go from Here......Page 15
Chapter 1 Focusing on the Framework of Anatomy and Physiology......Page 17
Breaking down the subsets of anatomy......Page 18
Familiarizing Yourself with Anatomical Jargon......Page 19
Level II: The tissue level......Page 22
Metabolism: Keeping Body Processes in Motion......Page 24
Seeing why your cells metabolize......Page 25
Understanding the process behind cellular metabolism......Page 26
Regulating body temperature......Page 30
Maintaining a fluid balance......Page 31
Examining blood glucose concentration......Page 32
Gauging variables that keep the body balanced......Page 33
How Cells Spend Their Time......Page 35
Constructing and moving products......Page 36
Exploring Eukaryotic Cells......Page 37
Enclosing it all with the cell membrane......Page 39
Seeing how mitochondria provide energy to cells......Page 41
Taking out the trash with lysosomes......Page 42
Naming the nucleic acids and nucleotides......Page 43
Peeking at proteins......Page 44
Discovering How Genetic Material Makes You Who You Are......Page 45
Pushing ahead to DNA replication......Page 46
Entering mitosis......Page 47
Linking structures with connective tissue......Page 49
Reviewing types of epithelial tissue......Page 50
Chapter 3 Scoping Out the Body’s Structural Layers......Page 53
Examining the skeleton’s makeup......Page 54
Surveying joints and their movements......Page 57
Seeing what your skeletal muscles do......Page 60
Taking a look at tissue types......Page 63
Making muscles contract: The sliding filament model......Page 68
An Introduction to the Integument......Page 70
Studying up on the structure of the integument......Page 71
Accessorizing your skin......Page 74
Analyzing the Cardiac Anatomy......Page 77
Examining the shape of the heart......Page 78
Looking at the heart’s tissues......Page 80
Observing how blood flows to (and from) the heart......Page 81
Meet Your Blood Vessels......Page 82
Beginning at the arteries......Page 83
Moving on to the capillaries......Page 84
Traveling through the veins......Page 86
Plasma: Your protein carrier......Page 88
Red blood cells: In charge of moving O2 and CO2......Page 89
Focusing on the Physiology of Circulation......Page 90
The cardiac cycle: Conducting electricity......Page 91
On the beating path: Blood flow through the heart and body......Page 93
Measuring the importance of blood pressure......Page 95
Hemostasis: Stopping the flow......Page 96
Surveying the Duties of the Respiratory System......Page 97
Nosing around Your Respiratory Anatomy......Page 98
Passing through the pharynx......Page 99
Winding through the windpipe, or trachea......Page 100
The lungs: The pair that just don’t quit......Page 101
Exchanging gases at the respiratory membrane......Page 102
The comptroller of ventilation: The diaphragm......Page 103
Breathing under normal conditions......Page 104
Controlling your breathing......Page 106
Chapter 6 Getting on Track with the Digestive System......Page 109
Your Digestive System in a Nutshell......Page 110
Allowing entry: The mouth......Page 111
Sending food to the stomach: The pharynx and esophagus......Page 112
Lining it up: The walls......Page 113
Breaking it all down: The stomach......Page 114
Importing and exporting: The intestines......Page 115
Doing the Chemical Breakdown......Page 117
The liver......Page 118
The pancreas......Page 120
Digestive fluids, enzymes, and hormones......Page 121
Running Down the Urinary System’s Responsibilities......Page 123
Creating urine: The kidneys......Page 125
Holding and releasing: The urinary tract......Page 127
Looking at the composition of urine......Page 129
Filtering the blood......Page 130
Reabsorbing selectively......Page 131
Maintaining Homeostasis......Page 132
Connecting fluid balance and blood pressure......Page 133
Regulating blood pH......Page 134
Surveying the Functions of the Reproductive System......Page 137
Making Gametes......Page 138
Producing female gametes: Ova......Page 139
Merging ova and sperm to determine sex......Page 141
A woman’s reproductive organs......Page 142
A woman’s (approximately) monthly cycle......Page 145
Furthering Fertilization: The Male Reproductive System......Page 148
A man’s reproductive organs......Page 149
Seminal fluid and ejaculation......Page 150
Achieving fertilization......Page 151
Adapting to pregnancy......Page 152
Going through labor and delivery......Page 154
Chapter 9 Exploring the Nervous, Endocrine, and Immune Systems......Page 155
Surveying the neural tissues......Page 156
Traveling the integrated networks......Page 159
Sending Messages Chemical-Style with the Endocrine System......Page 161
Homing in on hormones......Page 162
Grouping the glands......Page 164
Defending Your “Self” with the Immune System......Page 167
Loving Your Lymphatic System......Page 168
Identifying immune system cells......Page 170
Only Humans Have Opposable Thumbs......Page 173
You’re (Surprisingly) as Hairy as a Gorilla......Page 174
You Smell Like You See......Page 175
Oxygen Can be Dangerous......Page 176
You Can Control Your Breathing but Fido Can’t......Page 177
Hemoglobin Dominates Your Red Blood Cells......Page 178
Index......Page 179
EULA......Page 195