An introduction to syntactic analysis and theory

Machine generated contents note: 1. Introduction --
1.1. Where to Start --
1.2. What this Book is and is Not, and How to Use It --
1.3. Further Reading --
2. Morphology: Starting with Words --
2.1. Words Come in Categories --
2.1.1. Affixes are often category and subcategory specific --
2.1.2. Syntactic contexts sensitive to the same categories --
2.1.3. Modifiers --
2.1.4. Complementary distribution --
2.2. Words are Made of Smaller Units: Morphemes --
2.3. Morphemes Combine in Regular Ways --
2.3.1. Compositionality --
2.3.2. Affixation --
2.3.3. Word structure --
2.3.4. Selection and locality --
2.3.5. Compounds --
2.3.6. categorial status of affixes --
2.4. Apparent Exceptions to the RHHR --
2.4.1. Conversion --
2.4.2. Further problems --
2.5. Morphological Atoms --
2.6. Compositionality and Recursion --
2.7. Conclusion --
2.7.1. Summary --
2.7.2. What to remember --
2.7.3. Puzzles and preview --
2.7.4. Further exercises --
2.7.5. Further reading --
3. Syntactic Analysis Introduced --
3.1. Word Order --
3.2. Constituency --
3.3. Syntactic Productivity --
3.4. Substitution --
3.5. Ellipsis --
3.6. Coordination --
3.6.1. Structure of coordinated constituents --
3.6.2. Right node raising and gapping --
3.7. Movement and Other Distortions --
3.7.1. Topicalization --
3.7.2. Cleft constructions --
3.7.3. Pseudoclefts --
3.8. Some More Complex Distortion Experiments, Briefly --
3.8.1. Wh-movement --
3.8.2. Heavy constituent shift --
3.9. Some More Practice --
3.10. Some Other Evidence of Constituency --
3.10.1. Perception of click position --
3.10.2. Memorization errors --
3.10.3. Neurophysiological correlates of syntactic analysis --
3.11. Conclusion --
3.11.1. Summary --
3.11.2. What to remember --
3.11.3. Puzzles and preview --
3.11.4. Further exercises --
3.11.5. Further reading --
4. Clauses --
4.1. Full Clauses: CPs --
4.2. Tense Phrase --
4.3. Conclusion --
4.3.1. Summary --
4.3.2. What to remember --
4.3.3. Puzzles and preview --
4.3.4. Further exercises --
4.3.5. Further reading --
5. Other Phrases: A First Glance --
5.1. Verb Phrases --
5.1.1. V complements --
5.1.2. V-adjunct compatibility --
5.2. Determiner Phrases --
5.3. Noun Phrases --
5.4. Adjective Phrases --
5.5. Prepositional Phrases --
5.6. Ways to Talk About Tree Geometry --
5.7. Conclusion --
5.7.1. Summary: heads and lexical entries --
5.7.2. What to remember --
5.7.3. Puzzles and previews --
5.7.4. Further exercises --
5.7.5. Further reading --
6. X-bar Theory and the Format of Lexical Entries --
6.1. Review: The Model of Morphology --
6.2. Building a Model of Syntax --
6.3. Headedness --
6.4. Internal Organization of Constituents --
6.5. Some Consequences --
6.5.1. Silent heads: D --
6.5.2. Silent heads: T --
6.5.3. Silent heads: C --
6.6. Cross-categorial Symmetries --
6.7. Subjects Across Categories: Small Clauses --
6.8. Lexical Entries --
6.8.1. short primer on thematic relations --
6.8.2. general format of lexical entries --
6.8.3. More lexical entries --
6.9. Projection Principle and Locality --
6.10. Cross-linguistic Variation --
6.11. Conclusion --
6.11.1. Summary: the model of syntax --
6.11.2. What to remember --
6.11.3. Puzzles and preview --
6.11.4. Further exercises --
6.11.5. Further reading --
7. Binding and the Hierarchical Nature of Phrase Structure --
7.1. Anaphors --
7.1.1. Reflexive pronouns --
7.1.2. Reciprocals --
7.1.3. Summary and reformulation --
7.2. Pronouns --
7.2.1. Basic Principle B --
7.2.2. complication: lack of complementary distribution --
7.3. Non-pronominal Expressions --
7.4. Binding Theory Summarized --
7.5. Small Clauses and Binding Theory --
7.6. Some Issues --
7.6.1. Coreference without binding --
7.6.2. Quantified antecedents --
7.6.3. VP ellipsis --
7.7. Cross-linguistic Variation --
7.7.1. Reflexives --
7.7.2. Pronouns --
7.7.3. R-expressions --
7.8. Learning About Binding Relations --
7.9. Conclusion --
7.9.1. Summary --
7.9.2. What to remember --
7.9.3. Puzzles and preview --
7.9.4. Further exercises --
7.9.5. Further readings --
8. Apparent Violations of Locality of Selection --
8.1. Setting the Stage --
8.2. Topicalization: A First Case of Movement --
8.3. Head Movement --
8.3.1. distribution of English verbal forms --
8.3.2. Subject-aux inversion: T-to-C movement --
8.3.3. Head movement in DPs --
8.3.4. Head movement: summary --
8.4. Detecting Selection --
8.4.1. Covariation --
8.4.2. Very tight selection: idiom chunks and weather it --
8.4.3. Case --
8.4.4. Existential constructions --
8.5. Phrasal Movements --
8.5.1. Wh-questions --
8.5.2. Raising to subject --
8.5.3. EPP properties --
8.5.4. Simple clauses and locality of selection --
8.6. How Selection Drives Structure Building --
8.7. Addressing some Previous Puzzles --
8.8. Synthesis --
8.9. Terminology and Notation --
8.10. Conclusion --
8.10.1. Summary --
8.10.2. What to remember --
8.10.3. Puzzles and preview --
8.10.4. Further exercises --
8.10.5. Further readings --
9. Infinitival Complements: Raising and Control --
9.1. Subject Control --
9.2. Using the Theory: Control and Binding --
9.2.1. Subject infinitives --
9.2.2. PRO in infinitival complements --
9.3. Interim Summary: Inventory of To-infinitival --
9.4. Raising to Object/ECM and Object Control --
9.5. Conclusion --
9.5.1. Summary --
9.5.2. What to remember --
9.5.3. Puzzles and preview --
9.5.4. Further exercises --
9.5.5. Further reading --
10. Wh-questions: Wh-movement and Locality --
10.1. Introduction --
10.1.1. Wh-words --
10.1.2. Some questions about wh-movement --
10.2. Landing Site or Target Position of Wh-Movement --
10.3. What Wh-movement Moves --
10.4. Locality I: The Problem --
10.4.1. A-over-A principle --
10.4.2. constraints --
10.4.3. Summary --
10.5. Locality II: Theory of Constraints --
10.5.1. Introduction --
10.5.2. Subjacency --
10.5.3. Bounding nodes: remarks --
10.5.4. Extraction from DP: the subject condition --
10.5.5. Summary --
10.5.6. Independent evidence for successive cyclicity --
10.5.7. Consequences --
10.6. Special Cases --
10.6.1. Subject extraction: complementizer-trace effects --
10.6.2. Superiority: attract closest --
10.6.3. Beyond subjacency: phases --
10.6.4. Attract closest and phases --
10.7. Conclusion --
10.7.1. Summary --
10.7.2. What to remember --
10.7.3. Puzzles and preview --
10.7.4. Further exercises --
10.7.5. Further reading --
11. Probing Structures --
11.1. Introduction --
11.2. Probing Derived Structures --
11.2.1. Only --
11.2.2. NPI licensing --
11.3. Probing Underlying Structures --
11.3.1. Quantifier floating: distribution of all --
11.3.2. Also association --
11.4. Probing with Binding --
11.4.1. Principle A --
11.4.2. Pronominal binding --
11.4.3. Quantifier scope --
11.5. Conclusion --
11.5.1. Summary --
11.5.2. What to remember --
11.5.3. Puzzles and preview --
11.5.4. Further exercises --
11.5.5. Further reading --
12. Inward Bound: Syntax and Morphology Atoms --
12.1. Size of Atoms --
12.2. Head Movement and the Head Movement Constraint --
12.2.1. Lexical entry for T: formal features --
12.2.2. Lexical entries and the head movement constraint --
12.2.3. Possible lexical entries and the head movement constraint --
12.3. Causative Affixes: Syntax or Morphology? --
12.3.1. Causative verbs: built in the syntax? --
12.3.2. Causative verbs: built in the morphology? --
12.3.3. How to decide between these analyses? --
12.3.4. Consequences --
12.4. VP Shells --
12.4.1. Anticausative verbs --
12.4.2. optional agent selection account --
12.4.3. Silent CAUS and pronounced causatives --
12.4.4. Derivation direction --
12.4.5. English suffixes -ify, -en --
12.4.6. Generalized VP shells --
12.5. Ternary Branching --
12.6. Using VP Shells: VP Shells and Adjuncts --
12.7. Terminological Changes --
12.8. Raising to Object --
12.9. Model of Morphosyntax --
12.10. Conclusion --
12.10.1. Summary --
12.10.2. What to remember --
12.10.3. Puzzles and preview --
12.10.4. Further exercises --
12.10.5. Further reading --
13. Advanced Binding and Some Binding Typology --
13.1. Basics: Reminders --
13.2. Reminder About Principle A --
13.3. Subjects of Tensed Clauses --
13.4. VP shells and the Binding Theory --
13.4.1. Revising binding domain for pronouns --
13.4.2. Revising binding domain for anaphors --
13.5. Binding Variation and Typology --
13.5.1. Mainland Scandinavian (Danish, Norwegian, Swedish) --
13.5.2. Icelandic --
13.5.3. Chinese --
13.5.4. How exotic is all this? --
13.6. Conclusion --
13.6.1. Summary --
13.6.2. What to remember --
13.6.3. Puzzles and preview: exempt anaphora --
13.6.4. Further exercises --
13.6.5. Further readings --
14. Wh-constructions --
14.1. Diagnostic Properties of Wh-movement --
14.2. Relative Clauses --
14.2.1. Relative clauses involve wh-movement --
14.2.2. Relative clauses with silent wh-phrases --
14.2.3. Doubly filled Comp filter --
14.2.4. Infinitival relatives --
14.2.5. promotion analysis of relative clauses --
14.3. Another Case of Null Operator Movement: Tough-Construction --
14.4. Topicalization and Left Dislocation --
14.5. Other Wh-movement Constructions --
14.6. Conclusion --
14.6.1. Summary --
14.6.2. What to remember --
14.6.3. Puzzles and preview.