Transportation plays a substantial role in the modern world; it provides tremendous benefits to society, but it also imposes significant economic, social and environmental costs. Sustainable transport planning requires integrating environmental, social, and economic factors in order to develop optimal solutions to our many pressing issues, especially carbon emissions and climate change. This essential multi-authored work reflects a new sustainable transportation planning paradigm. It explores the concepts of sustainable development and sustainable transportation, describes practical techniques for comprehensive evaluation, provides tools for multi-modal transport planning, and presents innovative mobility management solutions to transportation problems. Students of various disciplines, planners, policymakers and concerned citizens will find many of its provocative ideas and approaches of considerable value as they engage in the processes of understanding and changing transportation towards greater sustainability. This text reflects a fundamental change in transportation decision making. It focuses on accessibility rather than mobility, emphasizes the need to expand the range of options and impacts considered in analysis, and provides practical tools to allow planners, policy makers and the general public to determine the best solution to the transportation problems facing a community. The book starts by placing transportation within the broader sustainability discussion, emphasising a comprehensive approach to sustainability planning and introducing the notion of 'regenerative transportation'. In sections on policymaking and planning the book examines how decisions are currently, and how they should be, made - explaining the complex and often misunderstood area of public participation. The authors explain demand management as applied to transportation and present lessons from other public arenas and areas of application, especially in urban-suburban areas. The text takes readers through each and every mode of transport, beginning with human-powered modes and ending in motorized modes, including marine and air transport. The modes are analyzed separately and in comparison with others according to several criteria: Capacity/utility/functionality considerations; infrastructure demands; resource consumption; land use considerations; pollution; and costs. In ways that non-technically trained readers as well as planning students professionals can find useful the book includes guidance on how to optimize transportation systems; balancing economic, social and environmental objectives while creating just, robust, and diverse, rather than one-size-fits-all, solutions. The modes are grouped and compared within their respective contexts, and there is vital discussion and differentiation between passenger and freight-goods transport. The final section develops a comprehensive summary of the previous chapters and develops arguments for sustainable transportation policymaking and integrated planning, providing international examples and case studies and extracting from them general applications for integrated sustainable transportation. Featuring extensive international examples and case-studies, textboxes, graphics, recommended reading and end of chapter questions, the authors draw on considerable teaching and researching experience to present an essential, ground-breaking and authoritative text on sustainable transport.
Author(s): Preston L. Schiller, Eric Bruun, Jeffrey R. Kenworthy
Publisher: Earthscan
Year: 2010
Language: English
Pages: 369
Tags: Транспорт;Технология и организация перевозок;
Contents......Page 6
List of figures, tables and boxes......Page 10
Acknowledgements......Page 18
Foreword......Page 20
Goals of sustainable transportation......Page 22
Why this book?......Page 23
Point of view: Values, commitments, ‘objectivity’ and documentation......Page 24
Overview of the book......Page 25
What is sustainable transportation about?......Page 28
Hypermobility......Page 30
The problems of automobile dependence......Page 34
Equity and auto dependence......Page 43
Questions for discussion......Page 48
References and further reading......Page 49
Walking cities, transit cities and automobile cities......Page 52
Additional lessons from city types......Page 56
Car culture......Page 58
Tourism: The car culture evolves into the fly-drive and recreational vehicle cultures......Page 69
Notes......Page 73
References and further reading......Page 74
Transportation history: The intersection of modes, infrastructure and society......Page 78
Transportation infrastructure: From animal paths to ‘Good Roads’......Page 90
The rise of automobility......Page 93
Rail and railways......Page 101
Maritime and water travel......Page 102
Feat of flying......Page 103
Telecommunications and transportation......Page 104
Lessons for sustainable transportation......Page 105
Notes......Page 106
References and further reading......Page 109
Introduction......Page 114
In-town modes: Getting to work, school, shopping, services and recreation......Page 115
Regional–metropolitan area modes: Long commutes, regional services, recreation, peak demand......Page 129
The barrier effects of different rights of way......Page 131
Long distance: Modes and types of travel......Page 132
Sustainability considerations......Page 140
Futuristic modes......Page 145
Questions for discussion......Page 147
References and further reading......Page 148
Introduction and overview......Page 150
Factors that shape freight movement: Supply chains, logistical systems and shipping strategies......Page 152
Problems of global supply chains......Page 165
Total logistics cost: Widgets near or widgets far?......Page 166
Elements aimed at increasing freight sustainability......Page 167
Considerations of policy change......Page 175
Notes......Page 177
References and further reading......Page 178
Introduction......Page 180
Basic concepts and principles......Page 181
Current evaluation methods......Page 182
Hidden and intentional subsidies and externalities......Page 186
Opportunity costs......Page 194
Critique of current methods with respect to sustainable outcomes......Page 198
Regulation versus pricing......Page 199
Moving public policy and investment evaluation towards promoting sustainability......Page 201
Case studies......Page 206
Notes......Page 212
References and further reading......Page 213
The public, policy and participation......Page 216
Transportation policy: From mobility promotion to mobility management and sustainability......Page 217
The public and participation......Page 223
Public participation in transportation......Page 227
Notes......Page 237
References and further reading......Page 239
Lessons learned from preceding chapters......Page 244
The recognition of the need for a new paradigm: The Buchanan Report and its critics......Page 248
Towards better management of existing transportation features......Page 250
Integrated planning......Page 255
Moving from planning and policy to regeneration, repair and renewal......Page 263
From the new paradigm to its embodiment......Page 280
Questions for discussion......Page 282
Notes......Page 283
References and further reading......Page 284
Introduction......Page 286
The exemplars......Page 288
Notes......Page 322
References and further reading......Page 324
Necessities for growing more exemplars......Page 326
Success builds success: The power of demonstration projects......Page 335
References and further reading......Page 337
Fixed-route vehicle types: Rubber-tyred and steel-on-steel......Page 340
Vehicle speed and service frequency as important considerations......Page 342
Routes and networks should be analysed together......Page 343
Transit priority and service reliability......Page 344
Reference......Page 345
Appendix 2 Sustainable Transportation Resources Toolbox: Selected Organizations and Websites with Information, Policy, Planning, Research and Advocacy Information......Page 346
List of acronyms and abbreviations......Page 350
Glossary......Page 354
Index......Page 356
