An Introduction to R: Notes on R: A Programming Environment for Data Analysis and Graphics

Preface......Page 7
R and statistics......Page 8
Using R interactively......Page 9
R commands, case sensitivity, etc.......Page 10
Data permanency and removing objects......Page 11
Vector arithmetic......Page 13
Generating regular sequences......Page 14
Missing values......Page 15
Index vectors; selecting and modifying subsets of a data set......Page 16
Other types of objects......Page 17
Intrinsic attributes: mode and length......Page 19
The class of an object......Page 20
The function tapply() and ragged arrays......Page 22
Ordered factors......Page 23
Array indexing. Subsections of an array......Page 24
Index arrays......Page 25
The outer product of two arrays......Page 26
Matrix facilities......Page 27
Eigenvalues and eigenvectors......Page 28
Least squares fitting and the QR decomposition......Page 29
Frequency tables from factors......Page 30
Constructing and modifying lists......Page 32
attach() and detach()......Page 33
Attaching arbitrary lists......Page 34
Managing the search path......Page 35
The read.table() function......Page 36
Loading data from other R packages......Page 37
Editing data......Page 38
R as a set of statistical tables......Page 39
Examining the distribution of a set of data......Page 40
One- and two-sample tests......Page 42
Repetitive execution: for loops, repeat and while......Page 46
Simple examples......Page 48
Named arguments and defaults......Page 49
Efficiency factors in block designs......Page 50
Recursive numerical integration......Page 51
Scope......Page 52
Classes, generic functions and object orientation......Page 54
Defining statistical models; formulae......Page 56
Contrasts......Page 58
Generic functions for extracting model information......Page 59
Updating fitted models......Page 60
Families......Page 61
The glm() function......Page 62
Least squares......Page 64
Maximum likelihood......Page 65
Some non-standard models......Page 66
The plot() function......Page 67
Display graphics......Page 68
Arguments to high-level plotting functions......Page 69
Low-level plotting commands......Page 70
Interacting with graphics......Page 71
Permanent changes: The par() function......Page 72
Graphics parameters list......Page 73
Axes and tick marks......Page 74
Figure margins......Page 75
Multiple figure environment......Page 76
Device drivers......Page 77
Multiple graphics devices......Page 78
Dynamic graphics......Page 79
Namespaces......Page 80
A sample session......Page 82
Invoking R from the command line......Page 85
Invoking R under Mac OS X......Page 88
Command-line editor summary......Page 89
Function and variable index......Page 91
Concept index......Page 94
References......Page 96