Agricultural water management includes many topics: farm-level and regional water management, irrigation, drainage, and salinity management of cultivated areas, collection and storage of rainfall in relation to soil properties and vegetation; the role of groundwater and surface water in nutrient cycling, exploitation and protection of water resources, control of flooding, erosion, and desertification. This book presents leading-edge research from around the world.
Author(s): Magnus L. Sorensen
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers,
Year: 2008
Language: English
Pages: 318
AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT RESEARCH TRENDS......Page 3
NOTICE TO THE READER......Page 6
CONTENTS......Page 7
PREFACE......Page 9
INTRODUCTION......Page 15
ENERGY BALANCE......Page 16
APPROPRIATE AVERAGING TIME......Page 17
CALIBRATED WITH OTHER INSTRUMENTS......Page 19
REFERENCES......Page 20
ABSTRACT......Page 23
1. CLIMATE CHANGE, AGRICULTURE AND WATER RESOURCES IN THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION......Page 24
1.1 The Spanish Climate-Change Adaptation Plan......Page 26
1.2 Climate Change and Spanish Irrigated Agriculture: The Challenge......Page 27
2. CLIMATE SCENARIOS, SEASONAL FORECASTS AND DOWNSCALING ISSUES......Page 31
2.1 Weather Generators......Page 33
3. SIMULATING CROP-GROWTH AND CROP WATER-USE......Page 34
3.1 Crop-Growth Oriented Simulation Models......Page 35
3.2 Agrohydrological Models......Page 39
4.1 Previous Experience......Page 46
4.2 The Role of Local Agricultural Research and Extension Services......Page 47
4.3 The AGRIDEMA Proposal. General Description......Page 48
4.4 The Agridema Pilot-Assessments Results......Page 52
4.5 A Pilot Assessment Example: Managing Sugarbeet Irrigation in the Spanish Northern Plateau under Present and Future Climate Conditions......Page 55
Introducing Climate and Crop-Growth Simulation Tool to Support Agricultural Decision-Making: The “Users” Point of View......Page 70
REFERENCES......Page 71
ABSTRACT......Page 83
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 84
2.1 General Characteristics......Page 85
2.2 Main Irrigable Areas of Castilla-La Mancha (Uhs 08.29, 04.04 and 04.06)......Page 102
The Hydrogeological Unit 08.29 Mancha Oriental......Page 103
The Hydrogeological Units 04.04 Mancha Occidental and 04.06 Campo de Montiel......Page 105
The Water Exploitation Plan of the HU 08.29 Mancha Oriental......Page 106
The Income Compensation Plan in HU 04.04 And 04.06......Page 109
La Junta Central de Regantes de La Mancha Oriental (JCRMO)......Page 110
3.1. Modernization of Irrigation......Page 111
3.2 Irrigation Water Management......Page 113
3.3 Decision Support Systems Models......Page 123
3.4 Other Lines of Research......Page 129
4.1 Description of the Research Centers......Page 134
4. REFERENCES......Page 137
ABSTRACT......Page 143
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 144
2. EVAPOTRANSPIRATION IN WOODY CROPS......Page 146
2.1 Water and Energy Balance......Page 147
2.2 Methods to Measure ET in Stands of Woody Plants......Page 148
2.3 Modeling ET......Page 149
3. EVAPOTRANSPIRATION COMPONENTS –MEASURING TRANSPIRATION......Page 153
4.1 Vineyards......Page 156
4.2 Kiwi Orchard......Page 161
4.3 Peach Orchard......Page 164
5.1 Water Stress Indicators......Page 166
5.2 Relative Transpiration......Page 169
5.3. Stress Coefficients......Page 170
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 173
REFERENCES......Page 174
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 185
2.1 Challenges......Page 187
2.3 Agro-Pedological Constraints and Problems Linked to the Hydro-Agricultural Planning......Page 188
2.4 Importance Attached to the Oasis of North Africa: Projects Realised orCurrently Under Execution......Page 189
3 EQUATIONS TO ELABORATE MODELS FOR AGRICULTURAL PLANNING INSIDE THE OASIS......Page 192
3.1 Equations to Formulate the Management of Salt Leaching and NutrientUptake by Plants Inside the Oasis......Page 193
3.2 Equations to Estimate Water Flow Distribution and Solute Transport inSoils under Irrigation Systems......Page 197
4.1 Formulas to Analyze the Irrigation Scheme Efficiencies Inside the Oasis......Page 202
4.2 Formulas to Calculate a Drainage Network Inside the Oasis......Page 205
5.1 Application of the Radiative Transfer Equations Inside the Oasis......Page 207
5.2 Reasoning to Model the Oasis Architecture for an Optimal Use ofResources......Page 209
5.3 Method for Scaling Up Models Elaborated for One Oasis to all the Oasisof North Africa......Page 215
6 MODELLING AND MEASUREMENT STUDIES EFFECTUATED FOR THE OASIS OF TOZEUR......Page 217
6.1 Results from the Measurement of Microclimatic Factors and SapFlow Transpired......Page 218
6.2 Results of Modelling inside the Traditional Oasis of Tozeur......Page 220
7 CONCLUSION......Page 221
REFERENCES......Page 222
ABSTRACT......Page 227
INTRODUCTION......Page 228
Legal Context of the Water Resources Use in Chile......Page 229
Governmental Strategy of Support for Irrigated Agriculture: Chile, an Agricultural Food Producer Power......Page 231
Factors that Determine the Use of Water in the Chilean Agriculture......Page 233
NEEDS FOR RESEARCH......Page 236
Soil-Plant-Water Interaction......Page 237
Change of Irrigation Practices an Increase of Irrigated Surface......Page 240
Operation of the Water Market......Page 241
Lixiviation of Agrochemicals in Orchards......Page 243
Effect of the Distribution Network of Irrigation Water......Page 244
NEED FOR AN INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT......Page 246
REFERENCES......Page 248
ABSTRACT......Page 251
MATERIAL AND METHODS......Page 252
Deficit Irrigation Effects on Flowering......Page 255
Deficit Irrigation Effects on Shoot Growth......Page 259
Proximate Causes of Flowering Promotion in Water-Stressed Loquats......Page 260
Ultimate Reasons behind Flowering Promotion in Water-Stressed Fruit Trees......Page 261
REFERENCES......Page 264
ABSTRACT......Page 269
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 270
1.1 Coag Water Reform......Page 271
2.1 A Brief History of Water Rights......Page 272
2.2 A Paradigm Shift in Water Management......Page 273
3.1 The Issues of Property Rights......Page 274
3.3 Tradable Water Entitlements......Page 276
4. AN ANALYSIS OF EXISTING WATER ENTITLEMNETS ARRANGEMENTS......Page 279
5.1 Developing a Classification System for all Water Access Entitlements......Page 280
6. CHALLENGES FOR A CONSISTENT ENTITLEMENT SYSTEM......Page 282
7. CONCLUSION......Page 283
REFERENCES......Page 284
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 287
2.1. Set-Up......Page 289
2.2. Crops......Page 290
2.5. Determination of Radiation Use Efficiency (Monteith’s Model)......Page 291
3.1. Soil Type Effect on Crop Water Status and Evapotranspiration......Page 292
3.2. Soil Type Effect on Growth and Yield......Page 293
3.3. Soil Type Effect on Radiation Use Efficiency......Page 297
4. DISCUSSION......Page 299
REFERENCES......Page 300
INDEX......Page 305
