Advances and New Trends in Environmental Informatics: Digital Twins for Sustainability

Preface
Contents
Industrial Environments and Processes
Designing for Sustainability: Lessons Learned from Four Industrial Projects
1 Introduction
2 Background
3 Study Design and Execution
4 Projects and Related Results
4.1 Project P1: Sustainable Tourism in Indonesia
4.2 Project P2: SGD Review Platform
4.3 Project P3: Energy Provisioning via Flexible IoT
4.4 Project P4: Search Automation for Literature Reviews
4.5 Revised Sustainability Quality Model
5 Lessons to Improve the SAF Toolkit
6 Conclusions and Future Work
7 Appendix: Custom Quality Attributes Definitions
References
Web Tool for the Identification of Industrial Symbioses in Industrial Parks
1 Introduction
2 Method
3 Web Tool for the Identification of Industrial Symbioses Within an Industrial Park
3.1 Quantitative Methods for IS Identification
3.2 Prototype
4 Discussion and Concluding Impulses for Future Research
References
Deriving Benchmarks for Construction Products Based on Environmental Product Declarations
1 Introduction
2 Methods
3 Results
3.1 Description and Selection of the Benchmarking Methods
3.2 Application of Selected Benchmarking Methods
3.3 Comparison of Results
4 Discussion and Outlook
References
Sustainability
Circular Economy in the Rostock Region. A GIS and Survey Based Approach Analyzing Material Flows
1 Introduction
1.1 Project Background
1.2 Situation of the Circular Economy in Germany
2 Methodology
2.1 Gathering Spatial and Waste Related Data
2.2 Survey
2.3 Spatial Analyses
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Obsolescence as a Future Key Challenge for Data Centers
1 Introduction
2 Increasing Importance of Data Centers
3 Obsolescence in Information and Communication Technology
4 Obsolescence Management
4.1 Definition of Obsolescence Management
4.2 Obsolescence Management Phases
5 Assessment of the Possibilities of Obsolescence Management in Data Centers
6 Conclusion and Future Work
References
The Eco-label Blue Angel for Software—Development and Components
1 Introduction
2 Background
2.1 Eco-label Blue Angel
2.2 Other Labels
3 Progress of the Investigation
4 Stakeholders Within the Eco-label Progress
4.1 Perspective of Purchasers
4.2 Perspective of Software Companies
4.3 Perspective of the Users of Software
5 Main Components of the Blue Angel for Software
5.1 Resource and Energy Efficiency
5.2 Potential Hardware Lifetime
5.3 Autonomy of Use
6 Conclusion and Outlook
References
Sustainable Processes on the Last Mile—Case Study Within the Project ‘NaCl’
1 Introduction
2 Fundamentals and Innovations
2.1 State of the Art and Challenges
2.2 Innovations
3 Case Study Within the Project NaCl
3.1 Chances of NaCl-Approach
3.2 Conceptional Components
4 NaCl Model
4.1 Crowd Logistics and Work Situation
4.2 Logistical Processes
4.3 SusCRM Approaches and Incentive Systems
4.4 Pilot Phase
5 Conclusion and Future Outlook
References
Environmental Modelling, Monitoring and Information Systems
Algorithmic Treatment of Topological Changes Within a Simulation Runtime System
1 Motivation: Simulation and Geoinformation Systems
2 Topological Changes Specified by Graph-Grammars
2.1 Continuous, Discrete and Combined Model Specification
2.2 The Application to Geo Objects
2.3 Graph Grammars for Dynamics Specification
3 Treatment of Graph Grammar Productions in a Simulation Runtime System
3.1 Basic Algorithm for Simulation of Combined Models
3.2 Integration of Topological Changes into the Basic Algorithm
3.3 Problems Caused by This Approach
4 Conclusion and Discussion
References
Citizens in the Loop for Air Quality Monitoring in Thessaloniki, Greece
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Software and Hardware Related Materials
2.2 Methods
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
WISdoM: An Information System for Water Management
1 Introduction
2 Digitalisation of Water Utilities
3 Selection of Use Cases
4 Water Management Information System: WISdoM
4.1 Long-Term Water Demand Forecasts
4.2 Groundwater Monitoring Management
4.3 Precipitation Data Management
4.4 Evaluation
5 Conclusion and Future Work
References
Exploring Open Data Portals for Geospatial Data Discovery Purposes
1 Introduction
2 Open Data Monitoring and Discovery
3 Methods
3.1 Software and Metadata Interfaces
3.2 Metadata Fields
3.3 Data Aggregation
3.4 Spatial and Temporal Footprints
4 Results
4.1 Overview of the Evaluated Portals
4.2 National Comparison
4.3 Terms of Use
4.4 Data Formats
4.5 Spatial Footprints
5 Discussion
6 Conclusions
References
Urban Environments and Systems
Developing a Configuration System for a Simulation Game in the Domain of Urban CO2 Emissions Reduction
1 Introduction
2 Background
3 Related Work
4 Developing the Configuration System
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Estimating Spatiotemporal Distribution of Moving People in Urban Areas Using Population Statistics of Mobile Phone Users
1 Introduction
2 Method of Estimating the Number of People Flowing in/out of Each Grid-Cell Per Unit Time
3 Method of Estimating the Number of People Moving Between Grid-Cells Per Unit Time
4 Temporal Change in Number of People Flowing in/out of Each Grid-Cell
5 Number of People Moving Between Grid-Cells Per Unit Time
6 Summary and Conclusions
References
A Digital Twin of the Social-Ecological System Urban Beekeeping
1 Introduction
2 Sensor-Supported Urban Beekeeping
3 Recording Bee Keeper's Actions and Expert Knowledge
4 The Digital Twin as a Multi-agent System
5 Connecting the Twin to Sensors
5.1 Data Storage and System Architecture
6 Decision Making Example
7 Conclusion and Future Work
References
Utilizing CityGML for AR-Labeling and Occlusion in Urban Spaces
1 Introduction
1.1 Motivation
1.2 State of the Art
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Requirements
2.2 Hardware and Software
2.3 Label Placement
2.4 Processing the Data
2.5 Occlusion Management
3 Results and Conclusions
4 Future Research
References
Physical Environments
Can Animal Manure Be Used to Increase Soil Organic Carbon Stocks in the Mediterranean as a Mitigation Climate Change Strategy?
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Methodology
3.1 Problem Description
3.2 Data Collection and Pre-processing
3.3 Modelling
3.4 Simulation
4 Results
5 Discussion
5.1 Future Work
6 Conclusion
References
Digital Twins, Augmented Reality and Explorer Maps Rising Attractiveness of Rural Regions for Outdoor Tourism
1 Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Objective of the Project
2 Explorer Maps
2.1 Reference Trail Nohener Naheschleife
3 Enrichment with Augmented Reality (AR)
3.1 Digital Twins of Landscape Objects
3.2 Tracking
3.3 App Development Environment
4 Discussion and Outlook
Reference
Identification of Tree Species in Japanese Forests Based on Aerial Photography and Deep Learning
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Methodology
3.1 Problem Description
3.2 Data Collection
3.3 Data Pre-processing
3.4 Deep Learning Modelling
4 Results
5 Discussion
5.1 Study Implications
5.2 Policy-Making
5.3 Limitations and Assumptions
5.4 Future Work
6 Conclusion
References