Advances and New Trends in Environmental Informatics: Environmental Informatics and the UN Sustainable Development Goals

Preface
Contents
About the Editors
Circular Economy an Industrial Symbiosis
Cradle-to-Gate Life Cycle Assessment of Bottle-to-Bottle Recycling Plant: Case Study
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Goal
2.2 Scope
2.3 Limitation
3 Recycling PET Bottles into Pellets
3.1 Collection of Post-consumer Bottles
3.2 Production of Recycled PET Pellets
4 Life-Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) Results and Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Property Rights in Servitisation: A Practical Assessment with Reused Computers
1 Introduction
2 The Circular Economy of Computers
2.1 Business and Individual Ownership Models
3 Electronics Reuse: eReuse
4 Collective Ownership Model and the Bundle of Rights
5 Results
5.1 Business Model, Roles and Rights
5.2 Economic Impact
5.3 Environmental Impact
5.4 Social Impact
6 Discussion
6.1 Alienation and Exclusion Rights
6.2 Management Rights
6.3 Product Upgrading and Decision Replacement
6.4 Ecosystems
6.5 Limitations
6.6 Future Work
7 Conclusion
References
Sustainable Mobility and Sustainable Communities
Carbon Travel Budgets (CTB): An Alternative Approach to Reduce Corporate Travel Emissions
1 Business Travel in Transition
2 Related Work
3 Categorization of Corporate Travel
4 Results
4.1 Talking Dimension
4.2 The Budgeting Approach
4.3 Limitations of the Budgeting Approach
5 Proof of Concept
6 Discussion and Future Work
References
Commuters’ Expected Utility Obtained in Decision Making on Residential Location Selection
1 Introduction
1.1 Background and Objectives of Research
1.2 Relevant Previous Research and New Topics in This Study
1.3 Study Overview
2 Method for Stable Estimates of Residential Location Selection Utility (RLSU) for Commuters
2.1 Method of Estimating Residential Location Selection Utility (RLSU)
2.2 Data Used in Analysis
2.3 Results of Residential Location Selection Utility Estimate
3 Modeling of Residential Location Selection Utility (RLSU) Using Land Price Data and Land Use Data
3.1 Model Estimates and Their Basic Characteristics
3.2 Characteristics of Residential Location Selection Utility with Regard to Household Classification
4 Modeling of Residential Location Selection Utility Based on Proximity Indicators and Land Use
4.1 Results of Estimates by Model and Fundamental Trends in Results
4.2 Comparative Analysis Between Estimates of Residential Location Selection Utility and Land Use
5 Summary and Conclusions
References
Analysis and Improvement of Two Low-Cost Air Quality Sensor Measurements’ Uncertainty
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Study Area and Experimental Setup
2.2 Data Pre-processing
2.3 Intercomparison of Measurements
2.4 Data-Driven Modelling
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Data Pre-processing
3.2 Intercomparison of Devices
3.3 Uncertainty of PM10 Measurements
4 Conclusions
Appendix A
References
Usage of Country Evaluations for Sustainable Supplier Selection
1 Introduction
2 Identification and Interpretation of Relevant Indicators
2.1 Evaluation of a Country's Risk
3 Consideration of Existing Systems and Legal Bases
3.1 Readiness-Checks to Simplify Company Processes
3.2 Importance of Supply Chain Laws
4 Combination and Operationalization of the Approaches
5 Discussion and Future Work
References
Artificial Intelligence Applications
Spatiotemporal Prediction of Nitrogen Dioxide Based on Graph Neural Networks
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Data
4 Methodology
4.1 Graph Neural Network
4.2 Attention Temporal Graph Convolutional Network
4.3 Evaluation Metrics
4.4 Graph Construction
5 Experimental Analysis and Results
5.1 Results
6 Conclusions and Future Work
References
Neural Networks for Energy Optimization of Production Processes in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Data Preparation
2.2 Design of the Neural Network
2.3 Training of the Neural Network
2.4 Parameter Configuration Optimization
3 Results
4 Discussion
References
Disaster Risk Reduction
Comprehensive Drone System for Deployment in Disaster Scenarios with Focus on Forest Fire Fighting
1 Introduction
1.1 Motivation
1.2 Requirements
1.3 System Overview
2 Related Work
3 System Design
3.1 Drone
3.2 Ground Station
3.3 Flight Control
3.4 Mission Control
3.5 Collision Avoidance
3.6 User Interface
3.7 Radio Communication
4 Outlook
References
A Whole-of-Government Approach to Climate change and the Process of Making Cities Resilient: Constructing a Digital Twin Network for Urban Adaptation
1 Introduction
2 The Context of a Tool for Resilient Cities
2.1 Product Vision
2.2 Comparing Indicator Sets
2.3 From Hazard Maps Towards a Co-creatively Workable Digital Twin
2.4 Establishing New Networks to Stack the Systems of Systems
2.5 Resilience-Platform: Providing Access to Knowledge
3 Conclusion and Outlook
References
Green Coding and Green IT
Measuring and Assessing the Resource and Energy Efficiency of Artificial Intelligence of Things Devices and Algorithms
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Experiment Setup and Assessment Method
3.1 Operating System Scenario
3.2 AI-Algorithm Scenarios
3.3 Use-Case Scenario ``Artificial Nose''
4 Exemplary Measurement Results
4.1 Operating System Scenario
4.2 AI-Algorithm Scenarios
4.3 Use-Case Scenario ``Artificial Nose''
5 Discussion and Outlook
References
Energy Efficiency in Web Development: Investigation of the Power Consumption of a Web Application with Different Load Distribution
1 Introduction
2 State of the Art
2.1 Power Consumption of a Web Application
2.2 Measurement of Consumption
3 Related Work
4 Details of the Experimental Setup
4.1 Workload
4.2 Specifications
4.3 Setup of the Experiment
4.4 Experimental Procedure
5 Results and Discussion
6 Summary and Outlook
References
Opportunities of 5G Mobile Technology for Climate Protection in Switzerland
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Assessment of Direct Effects
2.2 Assessment of Indirect Effects
3 Results
3.1 Direct Effects
3.2 Indirect Effects
4 Discussion
4.1 Direct Effects
4.2 Indirect Effects
4.3 Comparison of Direct and Indirect Effects
4.4 Limitations
5 Conclusions
References