For more than twenty years, serious C programmers have relied on one book for practical, in-depth knowledge of the programming interfaces that drive the UNIX and Linux kernels: W. Richard Stevens’ Advanced Programming in the UNIX® Environment . Now, once again, Rich’s colleague Steve Rago has thoroughly updated this classic work. The new third edition supports today’s leading platforms, reflects new technical advances and best practices, and aligns with Version 4 of the Single UNIX Specification.
Steve carefully retains the spirit and approach that have made this book so valuable. Building on Rich’s pioneering work, he begins with files, directories, and processes, carefully laying the groundwork for more advanced techniques, such as signal handling and terminal I/O. He also thoroughly covers threads and multithreaded programming, and socket-based IPC.
This edition covers more than seventy new interfaces, including POSIX asynchronous I/O, spin locks, barriers, and POSIX semaphores. Most obsolete interfaces have been removed, except for a few that are ubiquitous. Nearly all examples have been tested on four modern platforms: Solaris 10, Mac OS X version 10.6.8 (Darwin 10.8.0), FreeBSD 8.0, and Ubuntu version 12.04 (based on Linux 3.2).
As in previous editions, you’ll learn through examples, including more than ten thousand lines of downloadable, ISO C source code. More than four hundred system calls and functions are demonstrated with concise, complete programs that clearly illustrate their usage, arguments, and return values. To tie together what you’ve learned, the book presents several chapter-length case studies, each reflecting contemporary environments.
Advanced Programming in the UNIX® Environment has helped generations of programmers write code with exceptional power, performance, and reliability. Now updated for today’s systems, this third edition will be even more valuable.
Author(s): W. Richard Stevens, Stephen A. Rago
Series: Addison-Wesley Professional Computing Series
Edition: 3
Publisher: Addison-Wesley Professional
Year: 2013
Language: English
Commentary: Kindle Edition rip (DeDRM/KindleUnpack)
Pages: 1024
Foreword to the Second Edition
Preface
Preface to the Second Edition
Preface to the First Edition
Chapter 1. UNIX System Overview
1.1 Introduction
1.2 UNIX Architecture
1.3 Logging In
1.4 Files and Directories
1.5 Input and Output
1.6 Programs and Processes
1.7 Error Handling
1.8 User Identification
1.9 Signals
1.10 Time Values
1.11 System Calls and Library Functions
1.12 Summary
Chapter 2. UNIX Standardization and Implementations
2.1 Introduction
2.2 UNIX Standardization
2.2.1 ISO C
2.2.2 IEEE POSIX
2.2.3 The Single UNIX Specification
2.2.4 FIPS
2.3 UNIX System Implementations
2.3.1 UNIX System V Release 4
2.3.2 4.4BSD
2.3.3 FreeBSD
2.3.4 Linux
2.3.5 Mac OS X
2.3.6 Solaris
2.3.7 Other UNIX Systems
2.4 Relationship of Standards and Implementations
2.5 Limits
2.5.1 ISO C Limits
2.5.2 POSIX Limits
2.5.3 XSI Limits
2.5.4 sysconf, pathconf, and fpathconf Functions
2.5.5 Indeterminate Runtime Limits
2.6 Options
2.7 Feature Test Macros
2.8 Primitive System Data Types
2.9 Differences Between Standards
2.10 Summary
Chapter 3. File I/O
3.1 Introduction
3.2 File Descriptors
3.3 open and openat Functions
3.4 creat Function
3.5 close Function
3.6 lseek Function
3.7 read Function
3.8 write Function
3.9 I/O Efficiency
3.10 File Sharing
3.11 Atomic Operations
3.12 dup and dup2 Functions
3.13 sync, fsync, and fdatasync Functions
3.14 fcntl Function
3.15 ioctl Function
3.16 /dev/fd
3.17 Summary
Chapter 4. Files and Directories
4.1 Introduction
4.2 stat, fstat, fstatat, and lstat Functions
4.3 File Types
4.4 Set-User-ID and Set-Group-ID
4.5 File Access Permissions
4.6 Ownership of New Files and Directories
4.7 access and faccessat Functions
4.8 umask Function
4.9 chmod, fchmod, and fchmodat Functions
4.10 Sticky Bit
4.11 chown, fchown, fchownat, and lchown Functions
4.12 File Size
4.13 File Truncation
4.14 File Systems
4.15 link, linkat, unlink, unlinkat, and remove Functions
4.16 rename and renameat Functions
4.17 Symbolic Links
4.18 Creating and Reading Symbolic Links
4.19 File Times
4.20 futimens, utimensat, and utimes Functions
4.21 mkdir, mkdirat, and rmdir Functions
4.22 Reading Directories
4.23 chdir, fchdir, and getcwd Functions
4.24 Device Special Files
4.25 Summary of File Access Permission Bits
4.26 Summary
Chapter 5. Standard I/O Library
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Streams and FILE Objects
5.3 Standard Input, Standard Output, and Standard Error
5.4 Buffering
5.5 Opening a Stream
5.6 Reading and Writing a Stream
5.7 Line-at-a-Time I/O
5.8 Standard I/O Efficiency
5.9 Binary I/O
5.10 Positioning a Stream
5.11 Formatted I/O
5.12 Implementation Details
5.13 Temporary Files
5.14 Memory Streams
5.15 Alternatives to Standard I/O
5.16 Summary
Chapter 6. System Data Files and Information
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Password File
6.3 Shadow Passwords
6.4 Group File
6.5 Supplementary Group IDs
6.6 Implementation Differences
6.7 Other Data Files
6.8 Login Accounting
6.9 System Identification
6.10 Time and Date Routines
6.11 Summary
Chapter 7. Process Environment
7.1 Introduction
7.2 main Function
7.3 Process Termination
7.4 Command-Line Arguments
7.5 Environment List
7.6 Memory Layout of a C Program
7.7 Shared Libraries
7.8 Memory Allocation
7.9 Environment Variables
7.10 setjmp and longjmp Functions
7.11 getrlimit and setrlimit Functions
7.12 Summary
Chapter 8. Process Control
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Process Identifiers
8.3 fork Function
8.4 vfork Function
8.5 exit Functions
8.6 wait and waitpid Functions
8.7 waitid Function
8.8 wait3 and wait4 Functions
8.9 Race Conditions
8.10 exec Functions
8.11 Changing User IDs and Group IDs
8.12 Interpreter Files
8.13 system Function
8.14 Process Accounting
8.15 User Identification
8.16 Process Scheduling
8.17 Process Times
8.18 Summary
Chapter 9. Process Relationships
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Terminal Logins
9.3 Network Logins
9.4 Process Groups
9.5 Sessions
9.6 Controlling Terminal
9.7 tcgetpgrp, tcsetpgrp, and tcgetsid Functions
9.8 Job Control
9.9 Shell Execution of Programs
9.10 Orphaned Process Groups
9.11 FreeBSD Implementation
9.12 Summary
Chapter 10. Signals
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Signal Concepts
10.3 signal Function
10.4 Unreliable Signals
10.5 Interrupted System Calls
10.6 Reentrant Functions
10.7 SIGCLD Semantics
10.8 Reliable-Signal Terminology and Semantics
10.9 kill and raise Functions
10.10 alarm and pause Functions
10.11 Signal Sets
10.12 sigprocmask Function
10.13 sigpending Function
10.14 sigaction Function
10.15 sigsetjmp and siglongjmp Functions
10.16 sigsuspend Function
10.17 abort Function
10.18 system Function
10.19 sleep, nanosleep, and clock_nanosleep Functions
10.20 sigqueue Function
10.21 Job-Control Signals
10.22 Signal Names and Numbers
10.23 Summary
Chapter 11. Threads
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Thread Concepts
11.3 Thread Identification
11.4 Thread Creation
11.5 Thread Termination
11.6 Thread Synchronization
11.6.1 Mutexes
11.6.2 Deadlock Avoidance
11.6.3 pthread_mutex_timedlock Function
11.6.4 Reader–Writer Locks
11.6.5 Reader–Writer Locking with Timeouts
11.6.6 Condition Variables
11.6.7 Spin Locks
11.6.8 Barriers
11.7 Summary
Chapter 12. Thread Control
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Thread Limits
12.3 Thread Attributes
12.4 Synchronization Attributes
12.4.1 Mutex Attributes
12.4.2 Reader–Writer Lock Attributes
12.4.3 Condition Variable Attributes
12.4.4 Barrier Attributes
12.5 Reentrancy
12.6 Thread-Specific Data
12.7 Cancel Options
12.8 Threads and Signals
12.9 Threads and fork
12.10 Threads and I/O
12.11 Summary
Chapter 13. Daemon Processes
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Daemon Characteristics
13.3 Coding Rules
13.4 Error Logging
13.5 Single-Instance Daemons
13.6 Daemon Conventions
13.7 Client–Server Model
13.8 Summary
Chapter 14. Advanced I/O
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Nonblocking I/O
14.3 Record Locking
14.4 I/O Multiplexing
14.4.1 select and pselect Functions
14.4.2 poll Function
14.5 Asynchronous I/O
14.5.1 System V Asynchronous I/O
14.5.2 BSD Asynchronous I/O
14.5.3 POSIX Asynchronous I/O
14.6 readv and writev Functions
14.7 readn and writen Functions
14.8 Memory-Mapped I/O
14.9 Summary
Chapter 15. Interprocess Communication
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Pipes
15.3 popen and pclose Functions
15.4 Coprocesses
15.5 FIFOs
15.6 XSI IPC
15.6.1 Identifiers and Keys
15.6.2 Permission Structure
15.6.3 Configuration Limits
15.6.4 Advantages and Disadvantages
15.7 Message Queues
15.8 Semaphores
15.9 Shared Memory
15.10 POSIX Semaphores
15.11 Client–Server Properties
15.12 Summary
Chapter 16. Network IPC: Sockets
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Socket Descriptors
16.3 Addressing
16.3.1 Byte Ordering
16.3.2 Address Formats
16.3.3 Address Lookup
16.3.4 Associating Addresses with Sockets
16.4 Connection Establishment
16.5 Data Transfer
16.6 Socket Options
16.7 Out-of-Band Data
16.8 Nonblocking and Asynchronous I/O
16.9 Summary
Chapter 17. Advanced IPC
17.1 Introduction
17.2 UNIX Domain Sockets
17.2.1 Naming UNIX Domain Sockets
17.3 Unique Connections
17.4 Passing File Descriptors
17.5 An Open Server, Version 1
17.6 An Open Server, Version 2
17.7 Summary
Chapter 18. Terminal I/O
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Overview
18.3 Special Input Characters
18.4 Getting and Setting Terminal Attributes
18.5 Terminal Option Flags
18.6 stty Command
18.7 Baud Rate Functions
18.8 Line Control Functions
18.9 Terminal Identification
18.10 Canonical Mode
18.11 Noncanonical Mode
18.12 Terminal Window Size
18.13 termcap, terminfo, and curses
18.14 Summary
Chapter 19. Pseudo Terminals
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Overview
19.3 Opening Pseudo-Terminal Devices
19.4 pty_fork Function
19.5 pty Program
19.6 Using the pty Program
19.7 Advanced Features
19.8 Summary
Chapter 20. A Database Library
20.1 Introduction
20.2 History
20.3 The Library
20.4 Implementation Overview
20.5 Centralized or Decentralized?
20.6 Concurrency
20.7 Building the Library
20.8 Source Code
20.9 Performance
20.10 Summary
Chapter 21. Communicating with a Network Printer
21.1 Introduction
21.2 The Internet Printing Protocol
21.3 The Hypertext Transfer Protocol
21.4 Printer Spooling
21.5 Source Code
21.6 Summary
Appendix A. Function Prototypes
Appendix B. Miscellaneous Source Code
B.1 Our Header File
B.2 Standard Error Routines
Appendix C. Solutions to Selected Exercises
Bibliography
Index
