Action potential: Biophysical and cellular context, initiation, phases and propagation

ACTION POTENTIAL: BIOPHYSICAL AND CELLULAR CONTEXT, INITIATION, PHASES AND PROPAGATION......Page 5
CONTENTS......Page 7
PREFACE......Page 9
ABSTRACT......Page 13
INTRODUCTION......Page 14
A PINCH OF HISTORY......Page 15
Trap Closure and Enzyme Secretion......Page 18
Mechanical Stimulation and Thigmonastic Movements......Page 20
Light/Dark - Guided Signalling......Page 23
Temperature Sensing......Page 25
Stress or Damage-associated APs......Page 26
PATHWAYS OF TRANSMISSION......Page 28
Electrode Techniques......Page 29
Computational Studies......Page 30
CONCLUSION......Page 31
REFERENCES......Page 32
ABBREVIATIONS......Page 41
IMPULSE COUNDUCTION......Page 42
HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE......Page 43
ION CHANNEL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION......Page 45
STRUCTURAL AND MOLECULAR ORGANIZATION OF THE AXON......Page 50
ACTION POTENTIAL INITIATION......Page 51
DETERMINANTS OF MEMBRANE POTENTIAL......Page 52
Metabolic Neuropathy......Page 54
Toxic Neuropathy......Page 56
Motor Neuron Disorders......Page 58
CONCLUSION......Page 59
REFERENCES......Page 60
ABSTRACT......Page 77
INTRODUCTION......Page 78
SPATIAL PATTERN OF H+-PUMP AND H+ LEAK ACTIVITIES AND ITS TRANSIENT DECAY UPON MEMBRANE EXCITATION......Page 80
POST-EXCITATION DROP OF MEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE IN ALKALINE AREAS AND ITS ROLE IN THE COLLAPSE OF PH BANDS......Page 82
POST-EXCITATION CHANGES IN PH AND MEMBRANE PROPERTIES REVEAL ELECTROGENIC UNIPORT IN ALKALINE ZONES......Page 85
COORDINATION OF PH BANDS AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC PATTERN IN RESTING CELLS......Page 89
DISPARATE EFFECTS OF MEMBRANE EXCITATION ON PHOTOSYNTHETIC AND PH PATTERNS......Page 90
EFFECT OF ACTION POTENTIAL ON LIGHT-INDUCED ABSORBANCE CHANGES OF CHLOROPHYLL P700......Page 94
EVIDENCE FROM ΔA810 FOR AP-TRIGGERED PERMEATION OF METHYL VIOLOGEN INTO PLASTIDS OF AN INTACT CELL......Page 97
TRIGGERED ENTRY OF MV ELIMINATES THE PHOTOSYNTHETIC PATTERN THROUGH CHLOROPLAST ENERGIZATION IN THE ACIDIC CELL AREAS......Page 99
CONCLUSION......Page 102
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS......Page 104
REFERENCES......Page 105
ABSTRACT......Page 111
EARLY WORK: ION CHANNEL ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF NA+ AND CA CHANNELS......Page 112
MOLECULAR GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF CHANNEL PROTEINS......Page 113
DIVERSITY OF CHANNEL PROTEINS......Page 114
HODGKIN-HUXLEY PREDICTIONS OF ACTION POTENTIALS......Page 116
MORRIS-LECAR PREDICTIONS OF VOLTAGE OSCILLATIONS IN BARNACLE MUSCLE CELLS......Page 122
MODELING AP BEHAVIOR IN THE HEART: VENTRICULAR AND SINO-ATRIAL PACEMAKER CELLS......Page 123
SYNAPTIC ACTIVITY PRODUCES ACTION POTENTIALS AND CELL GEOMETRY INFLUENCES REGENERATIVE BEHAVIOR......Page 125
AP SIZE, SHAPE AND PROPAGATION VELOCITY DEPENDS UPON NERVE CELL GEOMETRICAL PROPERTIES......Page 127
AP PRODUCTION AT SYNAPSES REQUIRES THE PRESENCE OF VOLTAGE-DEPENDENT ION CHANNELS......Page 129
SENSORY TRANSDUCTION, TEMPERATURE GATED CHANNELS, MECHANICALLY GATED ION CHANNELS AND APS......Page 131
NAV CHANNELS PLAY A KEY ROLE IN APS IN NEURONS AND OTHER CELLS......Page 133
CAV CHANNEL PROPERTIES CAN BE ALTERED BY AGENTS THAT BIND TO THE CHANNELS......Page 134
NAV CHANNEL PROPERTIES CAN BE ALTERED BY AGENTS THAT BIND TO THE CHANNELS......Page 135
REFERENCES......Page 138
ABSTRACT......Page 145
Discontinuous and Graded Synapses......Page 146
Nonconventional Mechanisms......Page 147
CELL POPULATION IN THE MAMMALIAN TASTE BUD......Page 148
Basic Electrophysiological Characteristics......Page 149
VG Ca2+ Channels......Page 150
Ca2+-gated K+ Current (ICa)......Page 151
CORRELATION BETWEEN ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND EXPRESSION OF MARKER PROTEINS......Page 152
EXCITABILITY OF TASTE CELLS......Page 153
NEUROTRANSMITTERS OPERATIVE IN THE TASTE BUD......Page 154
ATP......Page 155
ATP......Page 156
Voltage and Ca2+ Dependence......Page 157
Connexin versus Pannexin......Page 159
CONCLUSION......Page 161
REFERENCES......Page 162
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 171
2. BACKGROUND......Page 172
Basic Formulations......Page 176
An Approach towards Solving the Inverse Problem......Page 178
Method Evalaution......Page 179
Two-dimensional Propagation and Electrogram Fractionation......Page 182
Methods to Distinct Local and Distal Sources......Page 183
Testing Framework and Results......Page 186
Discussion on the Problem and Methods......Page 187
5. COMPLEX INTERPLAY AND DISEASE......Page 188
Activation Features......Page 190
Analysis of Hyperkalemia and Pacing......Page 193
Hyperkalemia vs Ischemia and Spatial Patterns......Page 194
Discussion on the Problem and Methods......Page 195
REFERENCES......Page 199
ABSTRACT......Page 203
SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION OF D-CURRENT AND THE KV1 FAMILY OF K+ CHANNELS IN THE HIPPOCAMPUS......Page 204
D-CURRENT REGULATES PRESYNAPTIC RELEASE......Page 205
D-CURRENT REGULATES DENDRITIC BAP WAVEFORM......Page 206
CONCLUSION......Page 207
REFERENCES......Page 208
INDEX......Page 211