The tombs published in this volume of the Abusir series have been excavated during several seasons at Abusir South. The eight tombs are located in the easternmost sector of Abusir South, on the slopes (tombs AS 20 and AS 33) and at the bottom (tombs AS 34-35, 50-53) of a large but low hill, to the north of the so-called Wadi Abusiri. They do not form a single cemetery; rather, they represent different groups of sacral structures that illustrate very well the diachronic development of the Abusir South necropolis during the Old Kingdom (for earlier monographs covering previous excavations see Abusir V and XIII ) and the Late Period-Ptolemaic era. Most if not all of the structures document in a new way important archaeological and historical themes, such as the origin and development of the false door tradition; early administration (tomb AS 20); unique building development of early Old Kingdom tombs (AS 20 and 33); the late Old Kingdom sociology of family cemeteries (tombs AS 34-35 and 50-53) and the appearance of new Late Period animal cemeteries (tombs AS 33, 34-35 and 50-53). Miroslav Bárta is professor of Egyptology and director of the Czech mission to Abusir. Filip Coppens and Hana Vymazalová are researchers in the Czech Institute of Egyptology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague. All the authors are members of the Czech Institute of Egyptology, excavating for many years in Egypt.
Author(s): Miroslav Bárta, Filip Coppens, Hana Vymazalová [et al.]
Series: Abusir Monographs 19
Edition: 1
Publisher: Czech Institute of Egyptology
Year: 2010
Language: English
Pages: 460
City: Prague
1. Introduction / H. Vymazalova -- 2. The tomb of Hetepi (AS 20) -- 2.1. The name and titles of Hetepi / M. Barta -- 2.1.1. Name -- 2.1.2. Titles -- 2.1.3. Family members of Hetepi -- 2.1.4. Attendants -- 2.2. Architecture / M. Barta -- 2.2.1. Superstructure -- 2.2.2. Substructure -- 2.3. Decoration / M. Barta -- 2.3.1. Northern wing facade -- 2.3.2. Southern wing facade -- 2.3.3. Colour conventions -- 2.4. Finds / M. Barta -- 2.5. Pottery / K. Arias Kytnarova -- 2.5.1. Archaeological context -- 2.5.2. The pottery assemblage -- 2.5.2.1. Jars -- 2.5.2.1.1. Beer jars -- 2.5.2.1.2. Other jars -- 2.5.2.2. Bowls -- 2.5.2.2.1. Bowls with inner ledge -- 2.5.2.2.2. Meidum bowls -- 2.5.2.2.3. Other bowls -- 2.5.2.3. Miniature vessels -- 2.5.2.4. Other pottery -- 2.5.3. Chronological implications of the pottery finds -- 2.5.4. Conclusions -- 2.6. Conservation treatment of decoration / M. Dvorak -- 2.6.1. The Present State of Hetepi's Tomb -- 2.6.2. The Actual Conservation Treatment -- 2.7. Conclusions / M. Barta -- 2.7.1. Architecture -- 2.7.2. Decoration -- 2.7.3. Titles and personal names -- 2.7.4. Date of the tomb -- 3. Tomb AS 33 -- 3.1. Architecture / M. Barta -- 3.1.1. Superstructure -- 3.1.2. Substructure -- 3.1.3. Later modifications to the tomb -- 3.2. Finds / M. Barta -- 3.3. Pottery / K. Arias Kytnarova -- 3.3.1. Archaeological context -- 3.3.2. The pottery assemblage -- 3.3.2.1. Jars -- 3.3.2.1.1. Beer jars -- 3.3.2.1.2. Other jars -- 3.3.2.2. Bowls -- 3.3.2.2.1. Meidum bowls and bent-sided bowls -- 3.3.2.2.2. Other bowls -- 3.3.2.3. Stands -- 3.3.2.4. Bread forms -- 3.3.3. Conclusions -- 3.4. Stone vessels / P. Marikova Vlckova -- 3.4.1. Archaeological context of the stone vessel assemblage -- 3.4.2. General description of the assemblage -- 3.4.3. Catalogue of the finds -- 3.4.3.1. Catalogue of completely or partly preserved stone vessels -- 3.4.3.2. Catalogue of non-attributable fragments of the stone vessels -- 3.4.4. Typology of the stone vessels assemblage -- 3.4.4.1. Closed forms -- 3.4.4.1.1. Storage jars -- 3.4.4.1.2. Miniature jars -- 3.4.4.2. Open forms -- 3.4.4.2.1. Beakers -- 3.4.4.2.2. Bowls / plates / trays -- 3.4.5. Chronological implication -- 3.5. Petrology of stone vessels -- its provenance and significance / M. Lang -- 3.5.1. Introduction -- 3.5.2. Basic Rock Types -- 3.5.2.1. Egyptian Alabaster -- 3.5.2.2. Limestone, Marble and other Carbonates -- 3.5.2.3. Red Breccia -- 3.5.2.4. Anorthosite -- Light Types -- 3.5.2.5. Anorthosite -- Dark Types -- 3.5.2.6. Metadiorite -- 3.5.2.7. Gabbro -- 3.5.2.8. Garnet Quartzite -- 3.5.2.9. Metagreywacke -- 3.5.3. Conclusions -- 3.6. Animal bones / Z. Suvova -- 3.6.1. Animal Husbandry in Ancient Egypt -- 3.6.2. Methods -- 3.6.3. Features -- 3.6.4. Feature Comparison -- 3.6.5. Animal Size -- 3.6.6. Animal Age -- 3.6.7. Composition of the Anatomical Parts of Cattle -- 3.6.8. Pathology -- 3.6.9. Taphonomic Characteristics -- 3.6.10. Function of features -- 3.6.11. Conclusion -- 3.7. Conclusions / M. Barta -- 4. The eastern group of tombs (AS 34-35 and 50-53) -- 4.1. The tomb of Iymery (AS 34) / F. Coppens -- 4.1.1. The name and titles of the tomb owner / H. Vymazalova -- 4.1.1.1. The name Iymery -- 4.1.1.2. The titles of Iymery -- 4.1.2. Architecture of the tomb of Iymery / H. Vymazalova -- 4.1.2.1. Superstructure -- 4.1.2.2. Substructure -- 4.1.3. Builders' inscriptions in the tomb of Iymery / H. Vymazalova -- 4.2. The surrounding tombs of unknown owners: AS 35 and AS 50-53 / L. Varadzin -- 4.2.1. Tomb AS 35 -- 4.2.1.1. Superstructure -- 4.2.1.2. Substructure -- 4.2.2. Tomb AS 50 -- 4.2.2.1. The mud-brick wall to the east of AS 50 -- 4.2.3. Tomb AS 51 -- 4.2.3.1. Superstructure -- 4.2.3.2. Substructure -- 4.2.4. Tomb AS 52 -- 4.2.4.1. Superstructure -- 4.2.4.2. Substructure -- 4.2.5. The destroyed tomb AS 53 -- 4.2.6. Secondary burials and deposits -- 4.3. Finds / F. Coppens -- 4.3.1. Stone objects -- 4.3.2. Wooden objects -- 4.3.3. Varia -- 4.4. Pottery from the eastern group of tombs (AS 34-35 and 50-53) / K. Arias Kytnarova -- 4.4.1. Archaeological context of the pottery finds -- 4.4.1.1. The tomb of Iymery (AS 34) -- 4.4.1.2. Tomb AS 35 -- 4.4.1.3. Tomb AS 50 -- 4.4.1.4. Tomb AS 51 -- 4.4.1.5. Tomb AS 52 -- 4.4.1.6. Tomb AS 53 -- 4.4.1.7. Late Period burials and deposits -- 4.4.2. Area trends -- 4.4.3. Spatial distribution of the pottery -- 4.4.3.1. Burial shafts -- 4.4.3.2. Pottery from the corridors -- 4.4.4. Conclusions -- 4.4.5. List of pottery finds from the eastern group of mastabas (AS 34-35 and AS 50-53) -- 4.5. Human skeletal remains / P. Mala -- 4.5.1. Methods -- 4.5.2. Osteological description of Old Kingdom skeletons -- 4.5.2.1. Mastaba AS 35 -- 4.5.2.2. Mastaba AS 51 -- 4.5.2.3. Mastaba AS 52 -- 4.5.2.4. Mastaba AS 53 -- 4.5.3. Osteological description of the Late Period -- Ptolemaic secondary burials -- 4.5.4. Conclusion -- 4.6. Animal bones / Z. Suvova -- 4.6.1. Animals and funeral areas in Ancient Egypt -- 4.6.2. Methods -- 4.6.3. Particular contexts from the Old Kingdom -- 4.6.3.1. Mastaba AS 34 -- 4.6.3.2. Mastaba AS 35 -- 4.6.3.3. Mastaba AS 53 -- 4.6.4. Particular contexts from the Late Period -- Ptolemaic era -- 4.6.5. Particular context with date unknown -- 4.6.6. Animal age -- 4.6.7. Animal sex -- 4.6.8. Animal size -- 4.6.9. Osteopathology -- 4.6.10. Taphonomy -- 4.6.11. Types of contexts -- 4.6.12. Conclusion -- 4.7. Organic materials / H. Brezinova -- 4.7.1. Plant remains from the eastern group of mastabas / P. Pokorny -- 4.7.1.1. Plant remains from AS 53 -- 4.7.1.2. Plant remains from a Late Period (?) secondary burial -- 4.7.2. Pollen analysis of finds from the eastern group of mastabas / P. Pokorny -- 4.7.3. Determination of insect fragments from mastaba AS 53 / J. Hava -- 4.7.4. Xylotomical analysis of samples from the eastern group of mastabas / J. Novak -- 4.7.4.1. Methodology -- 4.7.4.2. Old Kingdom -- 4.7.4.3. Late Period -- Ptolemaic era -- 4.7.4.4. Discussion and conclusion -- 4.7.5. Textile fragments from the eastern group of mastabas / H. Brezinova -- 4.7.5.1. Methodology -- 4.7.5.2. Old Kingdom -- 4.7.5.3. Late Period -- Ptolemaic era -- 4.8. The eastern group of lesser tombs: a middle class cemetery in South Abusir / L. Varadzin -- 4.8.1. The date and development of the eastern group of tombs -- 4.8.2. Burial customs -- 4.8.3. Conclusion -- Appendix. Several notes on the Abusir South pottery classification / K. Arias Kytnarova -- Indexes -- 1. Sites -- 2. Kings and queens -- 3. Gods -- 4. Individuals -- 5. Titles -- 6. Egyptian terms -- 7. Tombs -- 8. Fauna -- 9. Flora -- 10. Stone materials
