This complete, yet concise text is designed to help students easily master the anatomy and basic physiology of the nervous system. Accessible and clear, the text highlights interrelationships between systems, structures and the rest of the body as it moves through various regions of the brain. The first nine chapters introduce the main principles and terms in neuroanatomy, and the remaining chapters then use this information to describe the anatomy and function of the various pathways and discrete systems.
- Navigates students through the general principles and integrative components of the Nervous System
- Highlights interrelationships between systems, structures, and the rest of the body
- Emphasizes clinical relevance through clinical cases, questions, and follow-up discussions in each chapter
- Indicates medical conditions relevant to each chapter in the Clinical Considerations
- Features an accompanying website, www.blackwellpublishing.com/patestas, which includes all the illustrations, along with animations of key processes; also available on CD-ROM. Please contact our Higher Education team at [email protected] for more information.
Author(s): Maria Patestas, Leslie P. Gartner
Edition: 1
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 2006
Language: English
Pages: 465
Cover
......Page 1
Preface......Page 9
P A R T 1 General Principles of the Nervous System......Page 12
CELLS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM......Page 14
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM......Page 16
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM......Page 18
QUESTIONS TO PONDER......Page 20
C L I N I C A L C A S E......Page 21
EARLY DEVELOPMENT......Page 22
NEURULATION......Page 23
EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF THE SPINAL CORD AND BRAIN......Page 29
DEVELOPMENT OF THE SPINAL CORD......Page 30
DEVELOPMENT OF THE BRAIN......Page 32
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 37
QUESTIONS TO PONDER......Page 38
CLINICAL CASE......Page 39
NEURONS......Page 40
NEUROGLIA......Page 46
GENERATION AND CONDUCTION OF NERVE IMPULSES......Page 49
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 53
QUESTIONS TO PONDER......Page 54
CLINICAL CASE......Page 55
CLASSIFICATION OF NEUROTRANSMITTER SUBSTANCES......Page 58
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 63
QUESTIONS TO PONDER......Page 64
CLINICAL CASE......Page 65
MORPHOLOGY OF THE SPINAL CORD......Page 66
INTERNAL MORPHOLOGY OF THE SPINAL CORD......Page 71
VASCULAR SUPPLY OF THE SPINAL CORD......Page 74
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 77
QUESTIONS TO PONDER......Page 78
CLINICAL CASE......Page 79
CEREBRUM......Page 80
CEREBELLUM......Page 88
BRAINSTEM......Page 91
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE......Page 93
QUESTIONS TO PONDER......Page 94
CLINICAL CASE......Page 95
CRANIAL MENINGES......Page 96
SPINAL MENINGES......Page 103
VENOUS SINUSES OF THE CRANIAL DURA MATER......Page 104
VENTRICLES OF THE BRAIN......Page 106
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE......Page 108
QUESTIONS TO PONDER......Page 109
CLINICAL CASE......Page 110
VASCULAR SUPPLY OF THE SPINAL CORD......Page 111
ARTERIAL SUPPLY OF THE BRAIN......Page 112
VENOUS DRAINAGE OF THE BRAIN......Page 123
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 127
QUESTIONS TO PONDER......Page 128
CLINICAL CASE......Page 129
SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM......Page 130
PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM......Page 137
ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM......Page 140
NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND RECEPTORS OF THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM......Page 141
PELVIC AUTONOMIC FUNCTIONS......Page 142
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 143
QUESTIONS TO PONDER......Page 144
PA R T 2
Integrative Components
of the Nervous System......Page 146
CLINICAL CASE......Page 148
SENSORY RECEPTORS......Page 149
ANTEROLATERAL SYSTEM......Page 157
TACTILE SENSATION AND PROPRIOCEPTION......Page 165
SENSORY PATHWAYS TO THE CEREBELLUM......Page 168
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 172
MODULATION OF NOCICEPTION......Page 177
NEUROPLASTICITY......Page 179
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS OF THE ASCENDING SENSORY PATHWAYS......Page 180
QUESTIONS TO PONDER......Page 181
CLINICAL CASE......Page 182
CORTICAL AREAS CONTROLLING MOTOR ACTIVITY......Page 183
DESCENDING MOTOR PATHWAYS......Page 185
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 198
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS OF THE MOTOR CORTEX AND DESCENDING MOTOR PATHWAYS......Page 199
QUESTIONS TO PONDER......Page 200
CLINICAL CASE......Page 201
COMPONENTS OF THE BASAL GANGLIA......Page 202
INPUT, INTRINSIC, AND OUTPUT NUCLEI OF THE BASAL GANGLIA......Page 207
CONNECTIONS OF THE BASAL GANGLIA......Page 209
CIRCUITS CONNECTING THE BASAL GANGLIA, THALAMUS, AND CEREBRAL CORTEX......Page 216
OTHER CIRCUITS OF THE BASAL GANGLIA......Page 218
NEUROTRANSMITTERS OF THE BASAL GANGLIA......Page 219
“DIRECT” AND “INDIRECT” LOOPS (PATHWAYS) OF THE BASAL GANGLIA......Page 220
CIRCUITS THAT MODULATE ACTIVITY OF THE BASAL GANGLIA......Page 221
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 223
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS OF THE BASAL GANGLIA......Page 228
QUESTIONS TO PONDER......Page 229
CLINICAL CASE......Page 230
MORPHOLOGY OF THE CEREBELLUM......Page 231
CEREBELLAR PEDUNCLES......Page 238
DEEP CEREBELLAR NUCLEI......Page 240
AFFERENTS (INPUT) TO THE CEREBELLUM......Page 242
EFFERENTS (OUTPUT) FROM THE CEREBELLUM......Page 246
FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION OF THE
CEREBELLUM: INTRINSIC CIRCUITRY......Page 247
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 249
QUESTIONS TO PONDER......Page 251
MORPHOLOGY OF THE RETICULAR FORMATION......Page 252
ZONES OF THE RETICULAR FORMATION......Page 253
FUNCTIONS OF THE RETICULAR FORMATION......Page 256
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 261
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE......Page 262
QUESTIONS TO PONDER......Page 263
CLINICAL CASE......Page 264
OPTIC NERVE (CN II)......Page 267
OCULOMOTOR NERVE (CN III)......Page 269
TROCHLEAR NERVE (CN IV)......Page 271
TRIGEMINAL NERVE (CN V)......Page 272
ABDUCENT NERVE (CN VI)......Page 277
FACIAL NERVE (CN VII)......Page 279
GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE (CN IX)......Page 283
VAGUS NERVE (CN X)......Page 285
HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE (CN XII)......Page 288
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE......Page 291
QUESTIONS TO PONDER......Page 292
EYE......Page 293
CENTRAL VISUAL PATHWAYS......Page 298
VISUAL REFLEXES......Page 302
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 309
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE......Page 313
QUESTIONS TO PONDER......Page 314
EAR......Page 315
AUDITORY TRANSMISSION......Page 319
CENTRAL AUDITORY PATHWAYS......Page 320
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 326
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE......Page 327
QUESTIONS TO PONDER......Page 328
CLINICAL CASE......Page 329
VESTIBULAR APPARATUS......Page 330
VESTIBULAR NERVE (CN VIII)......Page 336
CENTRAL PATHWAYS OF THE VESTIBULAR SYSTEM......Page 337
CONTROL OF OCULAR MOVEMENTS......Page 340
VESTIBULAR NYSTAGMUS......Page 343
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE......Page 345
QUESTIONS TO PONDER......Page 346
OLFACTORY RECEPTOR CELLS......Page 347
OLFACTORY NERVE (CN I)......Page 349
CENTRAL CONNECTIONS OF THE OLFACTORY SYSTEM......Page 350
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE......Page 353
QUESTIONS TO PONDER......Page 354
CLINICAL CASE......Page 355
LIMBIC LOBE......Page 356
BRAINSTEM CENTERS ASSOCIATED WITH LIMBIC SYSTEM FUNCTION......Page 366
PATHWAYS OF THE LIMBIC SYSTEM......Page 367
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 369
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE......Page 370
QUESTIONS TO PONDER......Page 371
CLINICAL CASE......Page 372
HYPOTHALAMIC ZONES AND COMPONENT NUCLEI......Page 373
HYPOTHALAMIC REGIONS (AREAS) AND COMPONENT NUCLEI......Page 379
PATHWAYS OF THE HYPOTHALAMUS......Page 381
FUNCTIONS OF THE HYPOTHALAMUS......Page 385
HYPOTHALAMOHYPOPHYSEAL CONNECTIONS......Page 387
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 393
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE......Page 394
QUESTIONS TO PONDER......Page 395
ANATOMY......Page 396
INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL MEDULLARY LAMINAE......Page 399
THALAMIC NUCLEI......Page 400
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 406
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE......Page 407
QUESTIONS TO PONDER......Page 408
CLINICAL CASE......Page 409
CELLS OF THE CEREBRAL CORTEX......Page 411
CELL LAYERS OF THE NEOCORTEX......Page 413
EFFERENTS (OUTPUT) FROM THE CEREBRAL CORTEX......Page 415
INTERNAL CAPSULE AND CORONA RADIATA......Page 417
FUNCTIONAL AREAS OF THE CEREBRAL CORTEX......Page 419
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 428
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS OF THE CEREBRAL CORTEX......Page 432
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE......Page 433
QUESTIONS TO PONDER......Page 434
Questions to ponder:
answers to odd questions......Page 436
Index......Page 446
