Author(s): Gebhard Schramm
Edition: 2
Publisher: Gebrueder HAAKE GmbH, Karlsruhe, Federal Republic of Germany
Language: English
Commentary: decrypted from 7CED5F9B65A92DEBD92BB5E8EE24F4F6 source file
Preface
1. Introduction to Rheometry
2. Aspects of Rheometry
2.1 The basic law
2.2 Shear stress
2.3 Shear rate
2.4 Dynamic viscosity
2.5 Kinematic viscosity
2.6 Flow and viscosity curves
2.7 Viscosity parameters
2.8 Substances
2.9 Boundary conditions or measuring constraints of
2.10 Absolute rheometry/viscometry
3. Types of Rheometers/Viscometers
3.1 Rotational rheometers/viscometers
3.2 Capillary viscometers
3.3 The Falling Ball Viscometer
4. The Measurement of the Elastic Behavior of
4.1 Why measure elasticity?
4.2 What causes a fluid to be visco-elastic?
4.3 How to measure visco-elasticity
5. The Relevance of Shear Rates on Rheological
5.1 Shear rates in polymer processing
5.2 Applying a latex layer to a carpet in a continuous process
5.3 The problem of plug flow
5.4 Examples for an estimation of a relevant shear
6. Optimization of Rheometer Test Results
6.1 How accurate are capillary and falling ball
6.2 How accurate are rotational viscometers and
6.3 Possible causes of misinterpretation of test results
7. The Problem of Shear Heating
8. Testing Two Important Rheological
8.1 Measuring thixotropy
8.2 The measurement of yield stresses
9. Mathematical Treatment of
9.1 Transformation of flow to viscosity curves
9.2 Considerations with respect to the evaluation of
9.3 Curve-fitting with rheological equations
9.4 The possible pitfalls of extrapolated regression
9.5 Corrections on measured “raw” data required as in the
9.6 The ”WLF”–time-temperature superposition
9.7 Evaluation of the long-term viscous and elastic
9.8 Mathematical treatment of test results in retrospect
10. Relative Polymer Rheometry:
10.1 Preliminary remarks
10.2 Assessing shear rates in mixer sensors.
10.3 The relevance of relative torque rheometer data.
10.4 Rheograms
10.5 Testing processibility with mixer sensors
10.6 Examples of processibility tests with mixer sensors.
11. How to Select the Most Suitable Rheometer for
11.1 Knowing the basic behavior of the sample to be tested.
11.2 Knowing the relevant shear rates for the processing or
11.3 Do you want to measure absolute rheological data or
11.4 Special test requirements
11.5 Budget restrictions
12. Literature References
13. Appendix: Information on HAAKE Instruments
13.1 Comparison of rotational rheometers/viscometers
13.2 Tabulated comparison of capillary viscometers
13.3 Comparison of the falling ball viscometer and
13.4 An example of a stepwise variation of test conditions
13.5 Examples of typical genuine rheograms of an RS100 in
