A People and a Nation: A History of the United States, Brief 10th Edition

Cover......Page 1
Half Title......Page 2
Title......Page 4
Statement......Page 5
Copyright......Page 6
Brief Contents......Page 7
Contents......Page 8
Features......Page 14
Preface......Page 17
About the Authors......Page 29
Chapter Outline......Page 33
Chronology......Page 35
American Societies......Page 34
North America in 1492......Page 37
African Societies......Page 40
European Societies......Page 42
Early European Explorations......Page 44
Voyages of Columbus, Cabot, and Their Successors......Page 46
Visualizing the Past: Naming America......Page 48
Spanish Exploration and Conquest......Page 49
The Columbian Exchange......Page 52
Europeans in North America......Page 55
Summary......Page 57
Chapter Review......Page 58
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 60
Chapter Outline......Page 61
Spanish, French, and Dutch North America......Page 63
Visualizing the Past: Acoma Pueblo......Page 67
England’s America......Page 68
The Founding of Virginia......Page 70
Life in the Chesapeake......Page 72
The Founding of New England......Page 75
Life in New England......Page 80
The Caribbean......Page 82
Chapter Review......Page 86
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 88
Chapter Outline......Page 89
Chronology......Page 91
The Growth of Anglo-American Settlements......Page 90
Visualizing the Past: The Pine Tree Shilling......Page 97
A Decade of Imperial Crises: The 1670s......Page 98
The Atlantic Trading System......Page 100
Slavery in North America and the Caribbean......Page 105
Forging and Testing the Bonds of Empire......Page 108
Summary......Page 111
Chapter Review......Page 112
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 113
Chapter Outline......Page 114
Geographic Expansion and Ethnic Diversity......Page 116
Visualizing the Past: Slaves’ Symbolic Resistance......Page 120
Economic Growth and Development in British America......Page 122
“Oeconomical” Households: Families, Production, and Reproduction......Page 125
Provincial Cultures......Page 127
A Changing Religious Culture......Page 132
Stability and Crisis at Midcentury......Page 134
Summary......Page 138
Chapter Review......Page 139
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 140
Chapter Outline......Page 141
From the Ohio Country to Global War......Page 143
1763: A Turning Point......Page 147
The Stamp Act Crisis......Page 150
Resistance to the Townshend Acts......Page 154
Visualizing the Past: Phillis Wheatley, Enslaved Poet in the Cradle of Liberty......Page 158
Confrontations in Boston......Page 159
Tea and Turmoil......Page 161
The Unsettled Backcountry......Page 162
Government by Congress and Committee......Page 163
Chapter Review......Page 166
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 168
Chapter Outline......Page 169
Toward War......Page 171
Forging an Independent Republic......Page 173
Choosing Sides......Page 178
The Struggle in the North......Page 182
Battlefield and Home Front......Page 185
Visualizing the Past: Frontier Refugees......Page 187
The War Moves South......Page 188
Uncertain Victories......Page 190
Summary......Page 192
Chapter Review......Page 193
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 194
Chapter Outline......Page 195
Chronology......Page 198
Trials of the Confederation......Page 197
From Crisis to the Constitution......Page 202
Promoting a Virtuous Citizenry......Page 207
Building a Workable Government......Page 208
Building a Nation Among Nations......Page 212
Visualizing the Past: Newspapers of the Early Republic......Page 213
The West in the New Nation......Page 217
Created Equal?......Page 219
“Revolutions” at the End of the Century......Page 224
Summary......Page 226
Chapter Review......Page 227
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 229
Chapter Outline......Page 230
Chronology......Page 232
Political Visions......Page 231
Continental Expansion and Indian Resistance......Page 236
The Nation in the Orbit of Europe......Page 240
The War of 1812......Page 246
Visualizing the Past: Selling War......Page 248
Early Industrialization......Page 251
Sectionalism and Nationalism......Page 253
Summary......Page 260
Chapter Review......Page 261
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 263
Chapter Outline......Page 264
Chronology......Page 266
The “Distinctive” South......Page 265
Southern Expansion, Indian Resistance, and Removal......Page 270
Social Pyramid in the Old South......Page 277
The Planters’ World......Page 280
Slave Life and Labor......Page 284
Slave Culture and Resistance......Page 286
Visualizing the Past: Imaging Nat Turner’s Rebellion......Page 291
Summary......Page 292
Chapter Review......Page 293
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 295
Chapter Outline......Page 296
Chronology......Page 298
Or Was the North Distinctive?......Page 297
The Transportation Revolution......Page 299
Factories and Industrialization......Page 302
Consumption and Commercialization......Page 306
Families in Flux......Page 308
The Growth of Cities......Page 310
Revivals and Reform......Page 318
Visualizing the Past: Engaging Children......Page 321
Utopian Experiments......Page 322
Abolitionism......Page 324
Chapter Review......Page 328
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 330
Chapter Outline......Page 331
Chronology......Page 333
The West in the American Imagination......Page 332
Expansion and Resistance in the Trans-Appalachian West......Page 336
The Federal Government and Westward Expansion......Page 340
The Southwestern Borderlands......Page 345
Visualizing the Past: Paintings and Cultural Impressions......Page 348
Cultural Frontiers in the Far West......Page 352
Summary......Page 356
Chapter Review......Page 357
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 358
Chapter Outline......Page 359
Chronology......Page 362
Jacksonianism and Party Politics......Page 361
Federalism at Issue: The Nullification and Bank Controversies......Page 365
The Second Party System......Page 368
Women’s Rights......Page 370
The Politics of Territorial Expansion......Page 371
The War with Mexico and Its Consequences......Page 373
Visualizing the Past: The Mexican War in Popular Imagination......Page 377
1850: Compromise or Armistice?......Page 379
Slavery Expansion and Collapse of the Party System......Page 382
Slavery and the Nation’s Future......Page 388
Summary......Page 391
Chapter Review......Page 392
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 394
Chapter Outline......Page 395
Chronology......Page 398
Election of 1860 and Secession Crisis......Page 397
America goes to War, 1861–1862......Page 401
War Transforms the South......Page 407
Wartime Northern Economy and Society......Page 410
The Advent of Emancipation......Page 414
The Soldiers’ War......Page 417
1863: The Tide of Battle Turns......Page 419
Visualizing the Past: Black Soldiers in the Civil War......Page 420
Disunity: South, North, and West......Page 422
1864–1865: The Final Test of Wills......Page 426
Summary......Page 431
Chapter Review......Page 433
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 434
Chapter Outline......Page 435
Wartime Reconstruction......Page 437
The Meanings of Freedom......Page 439
Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan......Page 442
Visualizing the Past: Sharecropping: Enslaved to Debt......Page 443
The Congressional Reconstruction Plan......Page 445
Politics and Reconstruction in the South......Page 451
Retreat from Reconstruction......Page 456
Summary......Page 462
Chapter Review......Page 463
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 464
Chapter Outline......Page 465
The Transformation of Native Cultures......Page 467
Visualizing the Past: Attempts to Make Indians Look and Act like “Americans”......Page 473
The Extraction of Natural Resources......Page 474
The Age of Railroad Expansion......Page 481
Farming the Plains......Page 482
The South After Reconstruction......Page 487
Summary......Page 490
Chapter Review......Page 491
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 492
Chapter Outline......Page 493
Chronology......Page 495
Technology and the Triumph of Industrialism......Page 494
Big Business and Its Critics......Page 497
Mechanization and the Changing Status of Labor......Page 499
Visualizing the Past: Impact of the 1911 Triangle Shirtwaist Fire......Page 502
Growth of the Modern American City......Page 506
Family Life and Individual Life......Page 514
New Leisure and Mass Culture......Page 515
Summary......Page 520
Chapter Review......Page 521
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 522
Chapter Outline......Page 523
Chronology......Page 525
The Nature of Party Politics......Page 524
The Activism of Government......Page 526
Presidential Initiative......Page 529
Visualizing the Past: The Spectacle of Gilded Age Politics......Page 531
Discrimination and Disfranchisement......Page 532
Agrarian Unrest and Populism......Page 536
The Depression and Protests of the 1890s......Page 541
Silver Crusade and the Election of 1896......Page 544
Summary......Page 547
Chapter Review......Page 548
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 549
Chapter Outline......Page 550
The Varied Progressive Impulse......Page 552
Government and Legislative Reform......Page 557
New Ideas in Social Institutions......Page 559
Challenges to Racial and Sexual Discrimination......Page 562
Visualizing the Past: Heavyweight Boxing Champion Jack Johnson as Race Hero......Page 564
Theodore Roosevelt and Revival of the Presidency......Page 567
Woodrow Wilson and Extension of Progressive Reform......Page 572
Chapter Review......Page 575
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 577
Chapter Outline......Page 578
Chronology......Page 581
Imperial Dreams......Page 580
Visualizing the Past: Messages in Advertising......Page 582
Ambitions and Strategies......Page 586
Crises in the 1890s: Hawai'i, Venezuela, and Cuba......Page 588
The Spanish-American War and the Debate Over Empire......Page 591
Asian Encounters: War in the Philippines, Diplomacy in China......Page 593
TR’s World......Page 595
Summary......Page 600
Chapter Review......Page 601
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 602
Chapter Outline......Page 603
Precarious Neutrality......Page 605
The Decision for War......Page 608
Winning the War......Page 610
Mobilizing the Home Front......Page 616
Visualizing the Past: Eating to Win......Page 618
Civil Liberties Under Challenge......Page 620
Red Scare, Red Summer......Page 622
The Defeat of Peace......Page 625
Summary......Page 629
Chapter Review......Page 630
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 631
Chapter Outline......Page 632
Chronology......Page 634
Economic Expansion......Page 633
Government, Politics, and Reform......Page 638
A Consumer Society......Page 642
Cities, Migrants, and Suburbs......Page 644
New Rhythms of Everyday Life......Page 646
Visualizing the Past: Expansion of Suburbs in the 1920s......Page 647
Lines of Defense......Page 650
The Age of Play......Page 653
The Election of 1928 and End of the New Era......Page 657
Summary......Page 661
Chapter Review......Page 662
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 663
Chapter Outline......Page 664
Chronology......Page 667
Hoover and Hard Times, 1929–1933......Page 666
Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Launching of the New Deal......Page 671
Political Pressure and the Second New Deal......Page 677
Labor......Page 682
Visualizing the Past: The Women’s Emergency Brigade and General Motors Sit-Down Strike......Page 684
Federal Power and the Nationalization of Culture......Page 685
The Limits of the New Deal......Page 689
The Approach of War......Page 692
Summary......Page 697
Chapter Review......Page 698
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 699
Chapter Outline......Page 700
Chronology......Page 702
America’s Entry into the Conflict......Page 701
The United States at War......Page 705
The Production Front and American Workers......Page 707
Life on the Home Front......Page 710
Visualizing the Past: Portraying the Enemy......Page 712
The Limits of American Ideals......Page 715
Life in the Military......Page 719
Winning the War......Page 720
Chapter Review......Page 727
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 729
Chapter Outline......Page 730
Chronology......Page 733
From Allies to Adversaries......Page 732
Visualizing the Past: Stalin: Ally to Adversary......Page 734
Containment in Action......Page 738
The Cold War in Asia......Page 741
The Korean War......Page 743
Unrelenting Cold War......Page 746
The Struggle for the Third World......Page 750
Summary......Page 756
Chapter Review......Page 758
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 759
Chapter Outline......Page 760
Shaping Postwar America......Page 763
Domestic Politics in the Cold War Era......Page 767
Cold War Fears and Anticommunism......Page 769
The Struggle for Civil Rights......Page 771
Creating a Middle-Class Nation......Page 775
Visualizing the Past: Moving to Levittown......Page 777
Men, Women, and Youth at Midcentury......Page 780
The Limits of the Middle-Class Nation......Page 783
Chapter Review......Page 788
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 790
Chapter Outline......Page 791
Chronology......Page 794
Kennedy and the Cold War......Page 793
Marching for Freedom......Page 797
Visualizing the Past: “Project C” and National Opinion......Page 800
Liberalism and the Great Society......Page 801
Johnson and Vietnam......Page 806
A Nation Divided......Page 811
1968......Page 816
Summary......Page 819
Chapter Review......Page 820
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 821
Chapter Outline......Page 822
Chronology......Page 825
Rights, Liberation, and Nationalism......Page 824
The End in Vietnam......Page 830
Visualizing the Past: The Image of War......Page 832
Nixon, Kissinger, and the World......Page 834
Presidential Politics and the Crisis of Leadership......Page 837
Economic Crisis......Page 841
An Era of Cultural Transformation......Page 845
Renewed Cold War and Middle East Crisis......Page 847
Summary......Page 850
Chapter Review......Page 852
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 853
Chapter Outline......Page 854
Chronology......Page 857
A New Conservative Coalition......Page 856
Reagan’s Conservative Agenda......Page 858
Reaganomics......Page 860
Reagan and the World......Page 865
American Society in the 1980s......Page 869
Visualizing the Past: Combating the Spread of AIDS......Page 872
The End of the Cold War and Global Disorder......Page 874
Chapter Review......Page 880
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 881
Chapter Outline......Page 882
Chronology......Page 885
Social Strains and New Political Directions......Page 884
Globalization and Prosperity......Page 890
9/11 and the War in Iraq......Page 893
Domestic Politics and Foreign Policy in Post–9/11 America......Page 898
Americans in the New Millennium......Page 903
Visualizing the Past: American War Dead......Page 907
Summary......Page 912
Chapter Review......Page 913
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 914
Appendix......Page 915
Index......Page 934