A Hacker's Mind: How the Powerful Bend Society's Rules, and How to Bend them Back

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It’s not just computers―hacking is everywhere.

Legendary cybersecurity expert and
New York Times best-selling author Bruce Schneier reveals how using a hacker’s mindset can change how you think about your life and the world.

A hack is any means of subverting a system’s rules in unintended ways. The tax code isn’t computer code, but a series of complex formulas. It has vulnerabilities; we call them “loopholes.” We call exploits “tax avoidance strategies.” And there is an entire industry of “black hat” hackers intent on finding exploitable loopholes in the tax code. We call them accountants and tax attorneys.

In A Hacker’s Mind, Bruce Schneier takes hacking out of the world of computing and uses it to analyze the systems that underpin our society: from tax laws to financial markets to politics. He reveals an array of powerful actors whose hacks bend our economic, political, and legal systems to their advantage, at the expense of everyone else.

Once you learn how to notice hacks, you’ll start seeing them everywhere―and you’ll never look at the world the same way again. Almost all systems have loopholes, and this is by design. Because if you can take advantage of them, the rules no longer apply to you.

Unchecked, these hacks threaten to upend our financial markets, weaken our democracy, and even affect the way we think. And when artificial intelligence starts thinking like a hacker―at inhuman speed and scale―the results could be catastrophic.

But for those who would don the “white hat,” we can understand the hacking mindset and rebuild our economic, political, and legal systems to counter those who would exploit our society. And we can harness artificial intelligence to improve existing systems, predict and defend against hacks, and realize a more equitable world.

Author(s): Bruce Schneier
Edition: 1
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
Year: 2023

Language: English
Pages: 304
City: New York
Tags: Hacking; Mindset; Technology; Society; Subverting; Loopholes; Financial; Legal; Political; Cognitive; AI

Introduction

PART 1: HACKING 101

1.What Is Hacking?

2.Hacking Systems

3.What Is a System?

4.The Hacking Life Cycle

5.The Ubiquity of Hacking

PART 2: BASIC HACKS AND DEFENSES

6.ATM Hacks

7.Casino Hacks

8.Airline Frequent-Flier Hacks

9.Sports Hacks

10.Hacks Are Parasitical

11.Defending against Hacks

12.More Subtle Hacking Defenses

13.Removing Potential Hacks in the Design Phase

14.The Economics of Defense

15.Resilience

PART 3: HACKING FINANCIAL SYSTEMS

16.Hacking Heaven

17.Hacking Banking

18.Hacking Financial Exchanges

19.Hacking Computerized Financial Exchanges

20.Luxury Real Estate

21.Societal Hacks Are Often Normalized

22.Hacking the Market

23.“Too Big to Fail”

24.Venture Capital and Private Equity

25.Hacking and Wealth

PART 4: HACKING LEGAL SYSTEMS

26.Hacking Laws

27.Legal Loopholes

28.Hacking Bureaucracy

29.Hacking and Power

30.Undermining Regulations

31.Jurisdictional Interactions

32.Administrative Burdens

33.Hacking Common Law

34.Hacking as Evolution

PART 5: HACKING POLITICAL SYSTEMS

35.Hidden Provisions in Legislation

36.Must-Pass Legislation

37.Delegating and Delaying Legislation

38.The Context of a Hack

39.Hacking Voting Eligibility

40.Other Election Hacks

41.Money in Politics

42.Hacking to Destruction

PART 6: HACKING COGNITIVE SYSTEMS

43.Cognitive Hacks

44.Attention and Addiction

45.Persuasion

46.Trust and Authority

47.Fear and Risk

48.Defending against Cognitive Hacks

49.A Hierarchy of Hacking

PART 7: HACKING AI SYSTEMS

50.Artificial Intelligence and Robotics

51.Hacking AI

52.The Explainability Problem

53.Humanizing AI

54.AI and Robots Hacking Us

55.Computers and AI Are Accelerating Societal Hacking

56.When AIs Become Hackers

57.Reward Hacking

58.Defending against AI Hackers

59.A Future of AI Hackers

60.Governance Systems for Hacking

Concluding Thoughts

Acknowledgments

Notes

Index