Structural, Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Transition Metal Clusters

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Author(s): T Futschek
Year: 2005

Language: German
Pages: 233

Cover......Page 1
Acknowledgements......Page 3
Abstract......Page 5
Zusammenfassung......Page 7
Table of Contents......Page 9
List of Figures......Page 13
List of Tables......Page 17
Part I Methods......Page 19
1.1 Milestones......Page 21
1.2 Overview......Page 24
2.1 The Schrodinger Equation......Page 27
2.1.1 Born - Oppenheimer Approximation......Page 28
2.2.1 Introduction......Page 30
2.2.2 Pair Density......Page 32
2.2.4 The Thomas-Fermi model......Page 33
2.2.5 The Slater Method......Page 34
2.2.6 Hohenberg - Kohn Theorem......Page 35
2.2.7 Kohn - Sham Equations......Page 37
2.3 Exchange-Correlation Functionals......Page 39
2.3.1 Local Density Approximation (LDA)......Page 40
2.3.2 The Exchange-Correlation Hole......Page 41
2.3.3 Local Spin-Density Approximation (LSDA)......Page 44
2.3.4 Interpretation of the L(S)DA......Page 46
2.3.5 Gradient Expansion Approximation (GEA)......Page 47
2.3.6 Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA)......Page 48
2.3.8 Hybrid Functionals......Page 50
2.4.1 Plane Waves......Page 52
2.4.2 Pseudopotentials......Page 54
2.5 The Vienna Ab-Initio Simulation Package(VASP)......Page 60
3.1.1 Clusters between Atom and Bulk......Page 63
3.2 Structures of Clusters......Page 66
3.2.2 Shapes......Page 68
3.3.1 Supersonic Jets......Page 71
3.3.3 Surface Sources......Page 72
3.3.5 Embedded and deposit clusters......Page 73
3.4.1 Mass Spectrometers......Page 74
3.4.2 Optical Response......Page 75
3.4.3 Vibrational Spectra......Page 76
3.4.4 Photoelectron Spectroscopy......Page 80
3.5 Theoretical Developments......Page 84
3.6.1 Common Ideas on Magnetism......Page 85
3.6.2 Implications for Clusters......Page 91
3.6.3 Stern-Gerlach Experiments......Page 92
Part II Applications......Page 97
4.1 Introduction......Page 99
4.2 Computational Method......Page 101
4.3 Trends in binding energies, geometries, magnetic moments and electronic properties as a function of cluster sizes......Page 102
4.3.1 Binding energy......Page 110
4.3.2 Cluster geometry......Page 112
4.3.4 Electronic properties......Page 114
4.4.2 Pd3 and Rh3......Page 117
4.4.3 Pd4 and Rh4......Page 119
4.4.4 Pd5 and Rh5......Page 124
4.4.5 Pd6 and Rh6......Page 125
4.4.6 Pd7 and Rh7......Page 127
4.4.7 Pd8 and Rh8......Page 130
4.4.8 Pd9 and Rh9......Page 131
4.4.9 Pd10 and Rh10......Page 132
4.4.10 Pd11 and Rh11......Page 134
4.4.11 Pd12 and Rh12......Page 135
4.4.12 Pd13 and Rh13......Page 136
4.5 Summary and Conclusions......Page 139
Part III Appendices......Page 145
Appendix A Pd-Cluster......Page 147
Appendix B Rh-Cluster......Page 181
Bibliography......Page 225
Curriculum vitae......Page 233