8th European Medical and Biological Engineering Conference: Proceedings of the EMBEC 2020, November 29 – December 3, 2020 Portorož, Slovenia

Preface and Welcome Address
Organization
Committees
Organizing Committee
International Scientific Programme Committee
International Advisory Committee
Scientific Reviewers
Contents
A Current-Based Forward Solver for the Shunt Model of Electrical Impedance Tomography
1 Method
1.1 Forming the System of Linear Equations
1.2 Distributions of Current Density and Potential
2 Simulation Results
3 Discussion
References
A MATLAB App to Assess, Compare and Validate New Methods Against Their Benchmarks
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Statistical Analysis
2.2 Validation
3 Results
3.1 First Tab: Overview
3.2 Second Tab: Data Uploading and Normality Test
3.3 Third Tab: Results of the Correlation Analysis
3.4 Fourth Tab: Bias, Limits of Agreement and Bland-Altman Plots
3.5 Fifth Tab: Results of the Statistical Hypothesis Test
3.6 Sixth Tab: Summary and Statistical Indexes
4 Conclusion
Conflict of Interest
References
A Novel Convolutional Neural Network for Continuous Blood Pressure Estimation
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Data Collection
3 Preprocessing
4 Proposed Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) Architecture
5 Experimental Results and Comparison
6 Conclusion
References
A Novel Validation Framework to Assess Segmentation Accuracy of Inertial Sensor Data for Rehabilitation Exercises
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 IMU Data Collection
2.2 Data Analysis
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
A Retrospective Observational Study of Health Facility Ownership Type and Performance on HIV Indicator Data Reporting in Kenya
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Method
3 Results
3.1 Overall Reporting Performance
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Declaration of Conflicting Interests
References
A Study of Baseline in Psychophysiological Experiments
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Sample
2.2 Stimuli and Experimental Design
3 Results
3.1 Difficulty of Arithmetic Tasks
3.2 Physiology During Task
4 Discussion
References
A Tool for Automatic Estimation of Patient Position in Spinal CT Data
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Rotation Prediction
2.2 Implementation Details
2.3 Experimental Data
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
A Web-Based Service Portal to Steer Numerical Simulations on High-Performance Computers
1 Introduction
2 State-of-the-Art in Interactive Supercomputing
3 Challenges of Service Establishment and Operation
4 An HPC-Based Web Service
4.1 Simulation Method
4.2 Technical Implementation of a Service Portal
5 Conclusion
References
An Alternative Way to Measure Tidal Volumes
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Measurement Device
2.2 Participants and Respiratory Maneuvers
2.3 Data Processing
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgement
References
Analysis and Measurement of Cardiac Output Based on Pulmonary Artery Thermodilution in Laboratory Conditions
1 Introduction
2 Measurement Technique
3 Hardware Design
4 Software Design
5 Test Measurements
6 Conclusion
References
Anisotropic Iteratively Re-weighted TV Regularized Reconstruction for Linear Tomosynthesis
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 The Problem of the Reconstruction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Related Works
2.2 Proposed Method
2.3 The Methodology of Comparing Different Methods
3 Results
4 Discussion and Conclusion
Conflict of Interest
References
Anti-tumor Effectiveness of Calcium Electroporation in Subcutaneous Murine Tumor Models is Dose Dependent
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Cell Lines and Animals
2.2 Tumor Induction
2.3 Calcium Electroporation in Vivo
2.4 Tumor Growth Assay
2.5 Statistical Analysis
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusions
Conflict of Interest
References
Application of Artificial Neural Networks for Analysis of Ice Recrystallization Process for Cryopreservation
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
3 Experimental Results
4 Conclusions
Conflict of Interest
References
Application of SOFA Framework for Physics-Based Simulation of Deformable Human Anatomy of Nasal Cavity
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
3 Experimental Results
3.1 Application of Force Field Templates
3.2 Simulation of Deformation of the Nasal Anatomic Structures
4 Conclusions
Conflict of Interest
References
Assessment of Associations Between Arterial Mechanical Properties and Biochemical Blood Markers for Early Detection of Atherosclerosis
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Subjects
2.2 Arterial Biomechanical Properties
2.3 Blood Markers Measurements
2.4 Data Analysis and Statistical Methods
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Conflict of Interest
References
Atlas Optimization for Deep Brain Stimulation
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Clinical Data
2.2 Normalization Pipeline
2.3 Normalization Assessment
2.4 Parameters Exploration
3 Results
3.1 Parameters Exploration
3.2 Best Template Created
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Augmented Reality Biofeedback for Muscle Activation Monitoring: Proof of Concept
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 System Design
2.1 System Architecture
2.2 System Implementation
2.3 Proof of Concept
3 Conclusions
Conflict of Interest
References
Automatic Detection of Real and Imaginary Parts of Electrical Impedance with Single Synchronous Demodulation Channel
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Proposed Method
3 Conclusion
Conflict of Interest
References
Automatic MR Spinal Cord Segmentation by Hybrid Residual Attention-Aware Convolutional Neural Networks and Learning Rate Optimization on Real World Data
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Dataset
2.2 Data Normalization
2.3 Spinal Cord Delineation. Ground Truth Generation
2.4 Spinal Cord Segmentation Network and Hyper-parameters
3 Results
4 Conclusion
5 Limitations
Conflict of Interest
References
Average Walking Speed Estimation with an Inertial Sensor in 10-m Walk Test: A Validation Test with Healthy Subjects
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Estimation Method of Average Walking Speed
2.1 Stride Detection
2.2 Stride Length Estimation
2.3 Walking Speed Estimation
3 Validation Tests
3.1 Methods
3.2 Results
4 Discussions
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Beat-to-Beat Detection Accuracy Using the Ultra Low Power Senbiosys PPG Sensor
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Subjects
2.2 Data Acquisition
2.3 Signal Processing
3 Performance Evaluation
3.1 IBI Detection
3.2 IBI Estimation
3.3 Comparison with Shimmer3 PPG
4 Performance vs Power Trade-Off
4.1 SB200 Power Consumption
4.2 IBI Detection Accuracy vs Sampling Frequency
5 Conclusion
References
Biomechanical Characteristics of Non-stationary Respiration Regimens as Possible Indicators of Tiredness in Monotonic Hypokinetic Load
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Experiment
2.1 Research Group
2.2 Measurement Protocol
2.3 Instrumentation
2.4 Data Processing
2.5 Data Evaluation
3 Results
4 Conclusion
References
Biomedical Application of Fe-Mn Oxide Nanoparticles
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Synthesis of the Nanoparticles
2.2 Synthesis of the Samples of PLGA-FeMn-NPs
2.3 Shape and Size
2.4 Nanofluid SAR
3 Results
3.1 Characterization of FeMn-NPs and PLGA-FeMn-NPs
3.2 SAR Evaluation
3.3 Biomedical Application of the PLGA-FeMn-NPs
4 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Biomedical Engineering Education in Europe: A 30 Years Review
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Past Initiatives and Follow up Studies
2.2 Methodology
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
Acknowledgment
References
Preliminary Observations on the Effect of Fullerene and Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on Phase Transitions of Aqueous DMSO Solutions
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusions
References
Can Functional Infrared Thermal Imaging Estimate Mental Workload in Drivers as Evaluated by Sample Entropy of the fNIRS Signal?
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Participants
2.2 Instrumentations
2.3 Experimental Design
2.4 Data Analysis
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Conflicts of Interest
References
Cell Segmentation in Quantitative Phase Images with Improved Iterative Thresholding Method
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Iterative Thresholding
2.2 Laplacian of Gaussian Enhancement
2.3 Distance Transform-Based Splitting
2.4 Improved Iterative Thresholding
2.5 Experimental Data
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
Characteristic Waveforms for Testing of Medical Aerosol Inhalers
1 Aerosol Drug Delivery
2 Particles Deposition Mechanisms
3 Materials and Methods
3.1 Electro-Mechanical Lung Simulator xPULMTM
3.2 Inhalatory Waveforms
3.3 Measurement Procedure and Data Evaluation
4 Results
5 Discussion
References
Combining Electrochemotherapy with Targeted Therapy Olaparib in vitro
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Cells and Drugs
2.2 Electrochemotherapy in vitro
2.3 Olaparib Treatment
2.4 Cell Survival Assay
2.5 Combination of Electrochemotherapy and Olaparib
2.6 Statistical Analysis
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Conflict of Interest
References
Comparison Between Conventional SQUID Based and Novel OPM Based Measuring Systems in MEG
1 Introduction
2 Methods
3 Results
4 Conclusion
References
Complexity Analysis of a Biosignal Time Series Similarity Indexing Approach
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Similarity Measure and Indexing Schemes
2.2 Complexity Analysis
3 Results
4 Conclusions
References
Compliance of a Cardiovascular System Is Non-linear – Influence on the Relation Between Blood Pressure and an Impedance Cardiography in the Reservoir-Wave Model
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Simulation of Aortic Blood Pressure Using Reservoir-Wave Model
2.2 Real Signals Analysis and Verification
3 Results
4 Discussion
Conflict of Interest
References
Contribution of Algebraic Iterative Reconstruction Algorithm for Joint Space Segmentation Based on Cone Beam Computed Tomography Images
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materiel and Methods
2.1 Experimental Setup
2.2 Image Reconstruction
2.3 Segmentation and Morphometric Measurements
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Control System and User Interface of Cooling Module for Braces
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Participants
2.2 Structure of Cooling Modules
2.3 Control System and User Interface
2.4 Measurement and Verification
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
Conflict of Interest
References
Counteracting Balance Loss in Transfemoral Amputees by Using an Active Pelvis Orthosis: A Case Series
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Participants
2.2 Experimental Setup and Protocol
2.3 Data Analysis
3 Results
3.1 Participants
3.2 Effectiveness of the Assistive Strategy
4 Discussion
4.1 Detection Algorithm
4.2 Assistive Strategy
5 List of Abbreviations
Acknowledgments
References
Dealing with Open Issues and Unmet Needs in Healthcare Through Ontology Matching and Federated Learning
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Federated Analysis Pipeline
2.1 Data Governance
2.2 Ontology Matching
2.3 Federated Learning
3 Results
3.1 Preliminary Case Study
3.2 Enhancing the Data Quality Through Data Curation
3.3 Overcoming the Structural Heterogeneity Through Ontology Matching
3.4 Lymphomagenesis Prediction Through Federated Learning
4 Conclusions
Acknowledgement
References
Decision Support System Based on Artificial Neural Network for Prediction of Antibiotic Sensitivity of Causative Agents of Urinary Tract Infection in Certain Geographical Regions
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Dataset
2.2 Artificial Neural Network
3 Results
3.1 Expert System Based on Artificial Neural Network Training
3.2 Expert System Based on Artificial Neural Network Performance Validation
4 Conclusion
Conflict of Interest Declaration
References
Decomposition of Compound Muscle Action Potentials by Convolution Kernel Compensation Method: Improved Segmentation of Motor Unit Firings
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Synthetic HDEMG Signals
2.2 HDEMG Data Model and CKC Decomposition Method
2.3 Statistical Analysis
3 Results
4 Discussion
Declaration of Conflict of Interests
References
Decomposition of High Density Electromyogram Reveals Changes in Motor Unit Action Potential Amplitude After Intramuscular Botulinum Toxin
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Methods
3 Results
3.1 Contraction Force
3.2 HDsEMG Analysis
3.3 Peak to Peak Amplitude of the Detected MUAPs
4 Discussion
Declaration of Conflict of Interests
References
Deep Learning for Cardiologist-Level Myocardial Infarction Detection in Electrocardiograms
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Methods
3.1 Data Curation
3.2 Neural Network Model
4 Results
4.1 Record-Wise Split
4.2 Patient-Wise Split
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Detecting Sleep Spindles Using Entropy
1 Introduction
2 Entropy Definitions
3 Data and Methodology
4 Results
5 Conclusion
References
Detection of Acute Inflammation of Urinary Bladder and Acute Nephritis of Renal Pelvis Origin Using Artificial Neural Network
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods and Materials
3 Results
3.1 Training Process
3.2 Validation Process
4 Conclusion
References
Detection of Temporomandibular Joint Disfunction in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Through Infrared Thermal Imaging and a Machine Learning Procedure
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Participants
2.2 Electromyographic and Thermal Imaging Measurements
2.3 Experimental Paradigm
2.4 Statistical Analysis and SEMG-M/T Prediction Through Machine Learning GLM
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Development of an Instrumented Chair to Identify the Phases of the Sit-to-Stand Movement
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Instrumented Chair
2.2 Experimentation
3 Results
4 Discussion
Acknowledgement
References
Directional Freezing of Cell-Seeded Electrospun Fiber Mats for Tissue Engineering Applications
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
3 Results and Discussion
4 Concluding Remarks
Conflict of Interest
References
Distinguishing Aortic Stenosis from Bicuspid Aortic Valve in Children Using Intelligent Phonocardiography
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials
2.1 Data Acquisition
2.2 Patient Population
3 Methods
3.1 The TGNN
3.2 The Baseline Method
3.3 The A-Test Validation Method
4 Results
5 Discussion
6 Conclusions
Acknowledgement
References
Distributed Access Control for Cross-Organizational Healthcare Data Sharing Scenarios
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Scenario
3 Access Control System
4 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusion
Conflict of Interest
References
DMAIC Approach for the Reduction of Healthcare-Associated Infections in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital of Naples ‘Federico II’
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Define Phase
2.2 Measure Phase
2.3 Analyze Phase
3 Results
3.1 Define Phase
3.2 Measure Phase
3.3 Analyze Phase
4 Discussion and Conclusions
Conflict of Interest
References
DMAIC Approach to Reduce LOS in Patients Undergoing Oral Cancer Surgery
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Application of Six Sigma DMAIC Methodology
3.1 Define
3.2 Measure
3.3 Analyse
3.4 Improve
3.5 Control
4 Results
5 Discussion and Conclusion
References
Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Skeletal Class III Malocclusion from Profile Photos Using Artificial Intelligence
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Collection of Data
3 Detecting Facial Landmarks
3.1 Python, Facial Landmarks with Dlib, OpenCV Implementation
3.2 Multi-task Cascade Convolutional Neural Network (MTCNN) for Face Detection Implementation
3.3 Python Face Alignment Library
4 Class III Categorization Methods
4.1 Method 1
4.2 Method 2
4.3 Method 3
5 Comparison of the Method1, Method2 and Method3
6 Discussion
7 Conclusion
Acknowledgement
References
Effects of Mirror Therapy on Motor Imagery Elicited ERD/S: An EEG Study on Healthy Subjects
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Participants and Experimental Protocol
2.2 Mirror Box Task
2.3 Assessment
2.4 EEG Data Acquisition and Processing
2.5 Statistical Analysis
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
Conflict of Interest Statement
References
EIT Based Time Constant Analysis to Determine Different Types of Patients in COVID-19 Pneumonia
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Subject and Examine Protocol
2.2 EIT Data Acquisition
2.3 Calculation of Time Constant
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Electric Current Detection by T_{2}^{*} Relaxivity Change: A Feasibility Study
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Sensitivity Analysis of Current Detection by T_{2}^{*} Relaxivity Change
2.2 Experiments of Current Detection by Gradient-Echo MRI
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Conflict of Interest
References
Electrical Impedance Tomography with Box Constraint for Skull Conductivity Estimation
1 Introduction
2 Theory
2.1 Observation Model
2.2 EIT Inverse Problem with Box Constraint
3 Methods
3.1 Jacobian Matrix for Skull Segments
3.2 Implementation of Box Constraint
3.3 Simulation Set-Up
4 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusions and Future Work
References
Electroporation of Cell-Seeded Electrospun Fiber Mats for Cryopreservation
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
3 Results and Discussion
4 Concluding Remarks
Acknowledgements
Conflict of Interest
References
Estimation of Blood Velocity from Cardiac Angiography
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Cross Section Area and Vessel’s Length
2.2 Blood Velocity Determination from Time Density Curves
3 Results
4 Conclusions
Conflicts of Interest
References
Evaluation of dZ/dt Complex Subtypes vs Ensemble Averaging Method for Estimation of Left Ventricular Ejection Time from ICG Recording
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Impedance Cardiography Background
3 Methods
4 Results
5 Discussion and Conclusion
Conflict of Interest
References
Evaluation of Embeddings in Medication Domain for Spanish Language Using Joint Natural Language Understanding
1 Introduction
2 Scenario Overview
3 Methods
3.1 Data Generation for Intent Detection and Slot Filling
3.2 Training Dataset
3.3 Embeddings
3.4 Test Data
4 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Evaluation of Medical Training Courses Satisfaction: Qualitative Analysis and Analytic Hierarchy Process
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
Conflict of Interest
References
Evaluation of Surface Hardness of Biocompatible Material Using Digital Microscope Image Analysis
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 International Standards for the Evaluation of Rockwell Hardness Using a Microscope
2.2 Measuring Instruments
2.3 Microscope Image Analysis Software
2.4 Measurement and Evaluation Procedure
3 Application of Microscope Image Analysis Software and Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Evaluation of Thermal Properties of Ex Vivo Kidney up to Ablative Temperatures
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
Conflict of Interest
References
Experimental Evaluation of Physical Breast Phantoms for 2D and 3D Breast X-Ray Imaging Techniques
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Computational Breast Phantom
2.2 Printing Materials and Their Properties
2.3 Physical Breast Model
2.4 Scanning Procedure
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Mammography Images of the Three Breast Phantoms
3.2 Breast Tomosynthesis Images of the Three Breast Phantoms
4 Conclusions
Conflict of Interest
References
Finite Element Simulation of the Rupture of Tendons
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Fiber Separation
2.2 Preparation of Real Parameters
3 Results
3.1 Preliminary Results
4 Conclusion and Discussion
Acknowledgements
References
First Steps Toward Automated Classification of Impedance Cardiography dZ/dt Complex Subtypes
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 ICG Recording Dataset
2.2 Data Preprocessing for ANN Ingestion
2.3 PRANN Training and Validation Process
3 Results
3.1 PRANNs Design
3.2 Single Stage PRANN
3.3 Divide and Conquer Approach Combining PRANN and SubPRANN
3.4 Performance Comparison
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Conflict of Interest
References
Fourier Transform vs. Graph Fourier Transform for EEG-Based Emotion Recognition
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 The DEAP Dataset
2.2 Graph Fourier Transform
2.3 Graph Construction
2.4 Feature Extraction
2.5 Implementation Issues
3 Results
4 Conclusion and Future Considerations
References
Graphene- and Graphite-Based Polyorganosiloxane Composite Ligaments for Sensory Feedback in Upper-Limb Prosthetics
1 Introduction
2 Synthesising Graphite- and Graphene- Based Composite Sensors
3 Measuring Stimuli and Providing Sensory Feedback
3.1 Digitising Electronics
3.2 Classification of Pressure, Movement and Temperature Stimuli
3.3 Sensory Feedback
4 Laboratory Demonstration
5 Conclusion
References
HB-HTA: Evaluation and Prioritization of Medical Equipments - Pilot Study
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Pair-Wise Comparison Method (Fuller’s Method)
2.2 Scoring Method
2.3 Interviews with Experts
3 Methodology of a Medical Equipment Assessment and Its Prioritizing
3.1 Selection of Appropriate Criteria
3.2 Calculation of Replacement Priority Index (PI)
3.3 Assessment of a Medical Equipment Replacement Urgency
4 Results
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Health Trend Monitoring by Embedded Sensor Systems for Health
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Research Approach in ESS-H
2.1 Multi-disciplinary Research
2.2 Useful Tools in Health Trend Monitoring
3 Examples of Results
4 Discussion and Conclusion
Acknowledgement
References
Heart Rate Variability Calculation Using Heart Periods Measured Between Consecutive Ponset Points
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Data Acquisition
2.2 Tested Persons
2.3 Measurement Protocol
2.4 Detecting the Onset of P-Waves in the ECG Signal
2.5 Detecting the Onset of Atrial Activity in the Intracardiac EGM Signal
2.6 Detecting R-Peaks in the ECG Signal
2.7 Characterizing HRV in Short Recordings
3 Results
3.1 Comparing Heart Periods Based on R-peaks and Ponset Points
3.2 Characterizing the Effect of Physical Stress on HRV
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Conflict of Interest
References
The Effect of Human Umbilical Cord Blood- Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Secretome on the Proliferation and Migration of Endothelial Progenitor Cells
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Sample Criteria
2.2 Secretome Preparation
2.3 EPCs Isolation and Culture
2.4 EPCs Identification
2.5 EPCs Treatment
2.6 Proliferation Assay
2.7 Migration Assay
2.8 Statistical Analysis
3 Results
3.1 EPCs Identification
3.2 The hUCB-MSCs Derived Secretome Enhance EPCs Proliferation
3.3 The hUCB-MSCs-Derived Secretome Enhance EPCs Migration
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Conflicts of Interest
References
Hyperparameter Algorithms in Electrical Impedance Tomography for Rotational Data
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Experiments
2.2 Reconstruction Algorithms
2.3 BestRes
2.4 L-Curve
2.5 SNR as Noise Performance Metric
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
Identification of Clinically Relevant Rules: An Interpretable Approach for CVD Risk Assessment
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Derivation of Rules
2.2 Selection of Rules
2.3 Classification
3 Results
3.1 Santa Cruz Hospital Dataset
3.2 Validation
4 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Improving Estimation of Mental Wellness Using Computer Games
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Serious Games for Mental Health Assessment, Game Battery Selection Considerations
3 Methods, Results
3.1 Analysis of Data Gathered
3.2 Developing with the Co-design Method
4 Detected Problems and Improvements Suggested
4.1 Balance Between Entertainment and Measurement
4.2 Too Many Variations of the Games
4.3 Enrichment Feedback to the Users
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Increasing the Temporal Resolution of Dynamic Functional Connectivity with Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Synthetic Signals
2.2 Functional Connectivity Computation
2.3 Sliding Window Dynamic Connectivity
2.4 Dynamic Connectivity Based on CEEMDAN
3 Results
4 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Influence of Extracellular Environment on Electroporation Efficiency
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Cell Cultures
2.2 Electroporation
2.3 Conductivity
2.4 Cell Membrane Permeabilization
2.5 Cell Viability
2.6 Statistical Analysis
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Influence of the Backpack on School Children’s Gait: A Statistical and Machine Learning Approach
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Wearable Inertial System for Gait Analysis
2.2 Study Population
2.3 Study Protocol
2.4 Statistics and Machine Learning Tools
3 Results
4 Conclusion and Discussion
Conflict of Interest Declaration
References
Influence of the Gender on the Relationship Between Heart Rate and Blood Pressure
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Subjects
2.2 Blood Pressure Measurements
3 Results
4 Discussion
Conflict of Interest Statement
References
Inspection of the Efficacy of the Screening Behavior Support Program for Colorectal Cancer Organized Screening
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Subjects and Study Design
2.2 Items of Questionnaire and Screening Behavior Support Program
2.3 Analysis Method
2.4 Ethical Consideration
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Intermittent Non-invasive Blood Pressure Measurement: Gaps and Clinical Needs
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Intermittent NIBP Monitoring in Clinical Practice
3 Methods
4 Results – Current Clinical Practice on NIBP/ABP Monitoring
5 Discussion – Current Gaps and Opportunities for Intervention
5.1 Reliability of NIBP Reading
5.2 Relevant Changes in BP Dynamics
5.3 Personalization of Thresholds
5.4 Other Findings
6 Conclusion
Conflict of Interest
References
Investigation of Drug Eluting Stents Performance Through in silico Modeling
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) and Treatment Approaches
2 Material Models and Methods
2.1 3D Reconstructions and Arterial Segments
2.2 Computational Modeling
2.3 Material Properties
2.4 Boundary and Loading Conditions
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
Conflict of Interest
References
Investigation of Magnetic Sensor for Intra-oral Continuous Jaw Tracking
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Concept of the System for Jaw Tracking Using a Permanent Magnet
2.2 The Magnetic Field of Permanent Magnet
2.3 Experimental Setup
2.4 Experiments
3 Results
3.1 Background Field Caused Errors
3.2 The Error of Position Tracking
4 Discussion and Conclusions
Statement of Conflicts of Interest
References
Investigation of Muscle Imbalance
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Measures
2.2 Numerical Analysis
2.3 Graphical User Interface
3 Results
4 Discussion and Conclusion
References
Lean Six Sigma Approach to Implement a Femur Fracture Care Pathway at “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona” University Hospital
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Data Collection and Analysis
2.2 DMAIC Cycle
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
Conflict of Interest Statement
References
Level of Awareness of Developers and Start-Up Companies on Legal Requirements and Management System Standards for Medical Devices
Abstract
1 The Basics
1.1 Conformity Assessment
1.2 Quality Management System
1.3 Technical File
2 Recognized Problems
2.1 From Notified Body’s Point of View
2.2 From Manufacturer’s Point of View
3 Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
Linear and Nonlinear Features for Myocardial Infarction Detection Using Support Vector Machine on 12-Lead ECG Recordings
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 12-Lead ECG Recordings Database
2.2 Myocardial Infarction Detector
2.3 Classification Evaluation Metrics
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Localization and Classification of Intracranial Hemorrhages in CT Data
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Experimental Data
2.2 Pre-processing
2.3 Classifier Design
2.4 Implementation Details
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
Lossy Compression Should Also Be Used in Functional MRI Research
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Discrete Cosine Transform
2.2 Reordering (Zig-zag)
2.3 Quantization
2.4 Compression
3 Results
3.1 Coding Speed with Different Quantization Levels
3.2 Compression Ratio and NRMSE
3.3 Coding and Storage Speed
3.4 Effect on Functional Analysis
4 Discussion
References
Management of the Diabetic Patient in the Diagnostic Care Pathway
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
3 Results
4 Discussion and Conclusion
Conflict of Interest Statement
References
Medical Technologies Procurement, Management and Maintenance in Developing Countries: The Case of Health Challenges in Africa
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
3 Results
3.1 The Distribution and the Status of Technologies Donated
3.2 Donor Support to Beneficiary
3.3 Replacement Parts
3.4 Support Materials for Donations
4 Conclusion and Discussion
Conflict of Interest Statement
References
mHealth to Securely Coach Chronic Patients
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 AIRDOC
3 Privacy and Security
3.1 Legislation – The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
3.2 Security
4 Interactions
4.1 Human Computer Interaction
5 Discussion and Conclusion
Conflicts of Interest
References
Modeling Approach of Blood Hemodynamics in the Left Ventricle
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Computed Tomography Analysis
2.2 Blood Flow Modeling
2.3 Myocardial Deformation
2.4 Boundary Conditions
2.5 Finite Element Mesh
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Modelling of Microcirculatory Dynamics with Auto-regressive Models
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Dataset
2.2 Data Analysis
3 Results
3.1 Binary Classification
3.2 Linear Classification
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Modular Control of Kinematics in Prosthetic Gait: Low-Dimensional Description Based on the Planar Covariation Law
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Data Acquisition
2.2 Analysis of Elevation Angles
3 Results
4 Discussion
References
Multiple Regression Model to Predict Length of Hospital Stay for Patients Undergoing Femur Fracture Surgery at “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona” University Hospital
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Data Collection and Analysis
2.2 Multiple Linear Regression
3 Results
4 Discussion and Conclusion
Conflict of Interest Statement
References
Multi-run Differential Evolution Improves the Decomposition of Compound Muscle Action Potential in High-Density Surface Electromyograms
1 Introduction
2 CMAP Simulation
3 Methods
3.1 Chromosome Presentation for Finding Optimal MUAP Position
3.2 Algorithm and Chromosome Presentation for Optimal Solution Selection
4 Results
5 Discussion
References
Multiscale Poincaré Plots Analysis of Nystagmus Amplitude Variability During Rotation on Bárány Chair
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Participants
2.2 Materials and Procedure
2.3 Data Processing and Statistical Analysis
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Ethics and Conflict of Interest
References
Myoelectric Signs of Sustained Muscular Activity During Smartphone Texting
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Method
2.1 Participants
2.2 Experimental Protocol
2.3 Data Processing
2.4 Statistics
3 Results
4 Discussion and Conclusion
References
New Anthropometric Data for Bulgarian Females and 3D Biomechanical Model Results for Inertial Parameters of the Upper and Lower Extremities
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Method and Summary of the Experimental Data
3 Results for the Mass Inertial Parameters of the Limbs of the Average Bulgarian Women
4 Discussion
Conflict of Interest
Appendix
References
Notified Body Certification – Main Challenges and Findings of Assessments
Abstract
1 Introduction - Legislation Framework and Role of Notified Body
1.1 Certification Procedure and Its Time Frame
2 Main Findings of Notified Body’s Assessments
2.1 Main Findings of Technical Documentation Assessments
2.2 Main Findings of Clinical Evaluation Assessments
2.3 Main Findings of Quality Management System Audits
3 Conclusion - How to Deal with Challenges
References
Numerical Modeling of Electroporation Process Using Endocardial Catheter
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Numerical Model of the Electroporation Process
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Numerical Simulationpg of Langmuir-Hinshelwood Mechanismpg for Heterogeneous Biosensorspg in Microfluidic Channel
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Governing Equations
2.2 Boundary Conditions
3 Validation
4 Effects of Input Velocity on Binding Cycle
5 Effects of Input Concentration on Binding Cycle
6 Conclusion
References
On the Need for Spatial Whitening of High-Density Surface Electromyograms in Motor Unit Identification by Neural Networks
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Neural Networks
2.1 Dense NN
2.2 LSTM NN
3 HDEMG Simulation and Data Analysis
3.1 Simulated HDEMG Signals
3.2 Data Analysis
4 Results
5 Conclusion
Conflict of Interests
References
On the Reuse of Motor Unit Filters in High Density Surface Electromyograms with Different Signal-to-Noise Ratios
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 HDEMG Model and MU Filters
2.2 HDEMG Simulation
2.3 Data Analysis
3 Results
4 Discussion
References
Open Source Robust Machine Learning Software for Medical Patient Data Analysis and Cloud Storage
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Research Regarding Developing & Underdeveloped Countries
1.2 The Barrier for Physicians in Data Science
1.3 Research Goal
2 Method
2.1 Data Upload-Locally Storing-Preprocessing-Training
2.2 Generating Predictions
2.3 Queries
2.4 Data Visualization
3 Result
4 Conclusion
Conflicts of Interest
References
Optical Projection Tomographypg for Particle Counting and Morphology Analysis
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Experimental Setup
2.2 Filtered Backprojection Reconstructions
2.3 Brightfield SGBM Reconstruction
2.4 Fluorescent WRT Reconstruction
2.5 Computational Analysis
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Open Dataset and MATLAB Codes
4 Conclusions
References
Pancreatic Cancer and Its Correlation with Embryogenesis: Identification of Biomolecular Markers Using Machine Learning Methods
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methodological Approach
2.1 Datasets
2.2 Feature Extraction
2.3 Cancer Classification and Feature Selection
3 Results
3.1 Feature Selection
4 Identification of Potential Pancreatic Cancer Biomarkers
Conflict of Interest.
References
Patient Identification Workflow for Seamless EHR Access During Patient Follow-Up
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 System Architecture
3 Seamless EHR Access
3.1 Long-Term Login
3.2 Just-In-Time Authentication and Authorization
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Conflict of Interest
References
Pilot Study of Application of a Hybrid Transportable System for Postural Stability Measurement in Military Professions
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Subjects
2.2 Equipment
2.3 Measurement
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Ethics and Conflict of Interest
References
Preliminary Evaluation of a Novel Language Independent Speech-in-Noise Test for Adult Hearing Screening
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Participants
2.2 Procedures
2.3 Data Analysis
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Conflict of Interest
References
Prototype Hat as a Biofeedback System to Address Vestibular Balance Impairment
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 System Description
2.2 System Operation
2.3 Experiments
3 Results
4 Limitations and Future Work
5 Conclusion
References
Pulmonary Crackle Detection Using the Hilbert Energy Envelope
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Hilbert Energy Envelope Algorithm
2.1 Pre-processing
2.2 Estimation of Hilbert Energy Envelope
2.3 Thresholding
2.4 Time Width Conditions
3 Dataset and Performance Evaluators
3.1 Dataset
3.2 Performance Evaluators
3.3 Selection of the Number of Test Samples
3.4 Selection of Multiplication Factor ( {\varvec m}_{{\varvec f}} )
4 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusion
Conflict of Interest
References
The Reliability of Pig Gait Inertial Signals: A Pilot Study
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Participants and Data Acquisition
2.2 Preprocessing
2.3 Intra-subject Signal Reliability
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Resolution Resampling of Ultrasound Images in Placenta Previa Patients: Influence on Radiomics Data Reliability and Usefulness for Machine Learning
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Dataset
2.2 Machine Learning
3 Results
4 Discussion
Conflict of Interests
References
Simultaneous Skull Conductivity and Focal Source Imaging from EEG Recordings with the Help of Bayesian Uncertainty Modelling
1 Introduction
2 Theory
2.1 Bayesian Framework with Linear Forward Model
2.2 Bayesian Approximation Error (BAE) Approach
3 Methods
3.1 Head Models
3.2 Computation of the Approximation Error statistics
3.3 Simultaneous Skull Conductivity and Source Estimation
4 Results, Discussion and Future Work
5 Conclusion
References
Six Sigma Approach for a First Evaluation of a Pharmacological Therapy in Tongue Cancer
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Dataset
2.2 Define
2.3 Measure
2.4 Analyse
2.5 Improve
2.6 Control
3 Results
4 Discussions and Conclusion
Conflict of Interest Statement
References
Spectral Analysis of EEG Signals of Imagined Hand Twisting for Post-stroke Rehabilitation
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Protocol Design
2.2 EEG Signal Recording
2.3 EEG Signal Processing
2.4 EEG Topography
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Surgical Tool Detection in Laparoscopic Videos by Modeling Temporal Dependencies Between Adjacent Frames
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods and Materials
2.1 Overview
2.2 Visual Features Extraction
2.3 LSTM-Clip Network
2.4 Experimental Setup
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Conflict of Interest
References
Swallowing Onset Detection: Comparison of Endoscopy- and Accelerometry-Based Estimations
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Subjects
2.2 Protocol
2.3 Data Analysis
3 Results
3.1 Swallowing Onset Estimation
3.2 Muscular Activation Symmetry Evaluation
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
Conflict of Interest
References
Tanzanian District Hospitals - The Gap Between Governmental Vision and Reality
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Governmental Strategies for Health Care
1.2 New District Hospitals
1.3 Definition of a District Hospital in TZ
2 Current Governmental Policy on District Hospitals
2.1 Human Resources for Health
2.2 The Gap Between Governmental Vision and Reality
3 Financial Aspects
3.1 Health Insurance
4 Hospital/Clinical Engineers, Equipment and Maintenance
5 Concluding Remarks
Conflict of Interest
References
The Effect of Anisotropy on the Impedance and Electric Field Distribution in Deep Brain Stimulation
Abstract
1 Background
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Brain Tissue Models
2.2 Data Analysis
3 Result
3.1 Impedance
3.2 Volume
3.3 Distance Measures
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgement
References
The Effect of Force Sensor Arrays Integration into Textile for a Novel Head-Foot Wheelchair Steering System
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Wheelchair System
2.2 Sensor Array Integration
2.3 Data Acquisition
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Force Applied in a Single Sensel
3.2 Force Applied to Multiple Sensels
4 Conclusion
Conflict of Interest
References
The Effect of Passive Exoskeleton on Shoulder Muscles Activity during Different Static Tasks
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Participants and experimental conditions
2.2 Data recording and analysis
2.3 Statistical analysis
3 Results
4 Discussion and conclusion
Conflict of Interest
References
The Human Body and Weightlessness: Mass-Inertial Characteristics in One of the Basic Positions Selected by NASA via 3D Mathematical Modelling
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Model and Method
3 Determination of Mass-Inertial Characteristics in Weightless Body Positions Using SolidWorks Media
4 Conclusions
Conflict of Interest
References
The Use of SCORE and GRACE Risk Tools to Assess the Length of Stay in a Cardiac Intensive Care Unit
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Dataset
2.2 Discretization of the LoS
2.3 Discretization of the SCORE and GRACE Models
2.4 Assessment Metrics
3 Results
3.1 SCORE Correlation
3.2 GRACE Correlation
3.3 Risk Factors Correlation
3.4 Discussion
4 Conclusions
References
The Use of Six Sigma to Assess Two Prostheses for Immediate Breast Reconstruction
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
3 Results
4 Discussion and Conclusion
Conflict of Interests
References
Thermographic Evaluation of Dental Implants Insertion with Different Diameters: In Vitro Comparison Between Regular and Narrow Implants
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Conflicts of Interest
References
Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Carotid Arteries Using Computed Tomography Angiography
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
3 Validation
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Transmembrane Voltage on Realistic Models of Suspended and Adhered Cells Induced by Electroporation
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Cell Lines
2.2 Electric Protocols for Electroporation and Cell-Specific Electric Field Thresholds
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Conflict of Interest
References
Ultra-wideband Localization of Pulmonary Nodules During Thoracoscopic Surgery
1 Introduction
2 Simulations and Image Reconstruction
3 Results and Discussions
4 Conclusions
References
Vertebra Segmentation for Clinical CT Images Using Mask R-CNN
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Background
2.1 Regions with Convolutional Neural Network (R-CNN)
2.2 Fast R-CNN
2.3 Faster R-CNN
2.4 Mask R-CNN
3 Method
3.1 Preprocessing
3.2 Mask R-CNN-Based Vertebra Segmentation
4 Results
5 Conclusion and Discussion
Acknowledgment
References
Author Index