This textbook provides a comprehensive resource for translation students and educators embarking on the challenge of translating into and out of English and Arabic. Combining a solid basis in translation theory with examples drawn from real texts including the Qu'ran, the author introduces a number of the problems and practical considerations which arise during translation between English and Arabic, equipping readers with the skills to recognise and address these issues in their own work through practical exercises. Among these considerations are grammatical, semantic, lexical and cultural problems, collocations, idioms and fixed expressions. With its coverage of essential topics including culturally-bound terms and differences, both novice and more experienced translators will find this book useful in the development of their translation practice.
Author(s): Noureldin Abdelaal
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan
Year: 2020
Language: English/Arabic
Pages: xii+146
Acknowledgements
Contents
Abbreviations
List of Tables
1 Translational Concepts
1.1 Definitions of Translation
1.2 Translation Unit
1.3 Meaning in Translation
References
2 Translation Theory
2.1 Stages of Translation Theories
2.1.1 Linguistic Stage
2.1.2 The Communicative Stage
2.1.3 The Functionalist Stage
2.1.4 The Ethical/Aesthetic Stage
2.2 The Notion of Equivalence in Translation Theories
2.2.1 Direct and Oblique Translation (Vinay & Darbelnet, 1958/2004)
2.2.2 Van Leuven-Zwart’s Comparative-Descriptive Model of Translation Shifts (1989)
2.2.3 Overt and Covert Translations (House, 1997)
2.2.4 Jakobson’s Equivalence (1959)
2.2.5 Dynamic Equivalence and Formal Equivalence (Nida, 1964)
2.2.6 Communicative and Semantic Translation (Newmark, 1981, 1988)
2.2.7 The House, Nida, and Newmark’s Theories in a Nutshell
2.2.8 Form-Based and Meaning-Based Translation (Larson, 1998)
2.2.9 Halliday’s Typology of Equivalence
2.2.10 Catford’s Typology of Equivalence
2.2.11 Mona Baker’s Typology of Equivalence
2.2.12 Koller’s Notion of Equivalence
2.2.13 Popovič (1976) Types of Equivalence
2.2.14 The Cognitive Approach to Translation
2.2.15 Functionalist Approach in Translation (Non-equivalence Approach)
2.2.16 Darwish’s Notion of Equivalence (2010)
2.2.17 The Polysystem Theory
References
3 Grammatical Problems in Translation
3.1 Arabic Tense as a Problem in Translation
3.2 Translating English Tenses and Aspects into Arabic (Based on Collins COBUILD English Grammar, 2005)
3.3 Gender as a Problem in Translation
3.4 Grammatical Category as a Problem in Translation
3.5 Syntactic Order: Foregrounding and Backgrounding as a Problem in Translation
3.6 Shifting (Iltifat) as a Problem in Translation
References
4 Lexical and Semantic Problems in Translation
4.1 Lexical Gaps at the Semantic Field Level (Lack of Equivalent Problem)
4.2 Improper Selection of Vocabulary
4.3 Lexical Ambiguity: Polysemy and Homonymy
4.4 Synonymy
4.5 Problems in Translation of Rhetorical Devices
References
5 Culture as a Problem in Translation
5.1 Culturally Bound Terms
5.2 Idioms and Fixed Expressions as a Problem in Translation
5.3 Collocations
5.4 Strategies to Translate Culturally Bound Terms
5.5 Pym’s Typology of Translation Solutions
5.6 Conclusion
References
Bibliography
Index
