Algèbre bilinéaire et géométrie euclidienne

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Author(s): Jean-François Havet
Year: 2012

Language: French
Commentary: Downloaded from https://idpoisson.fr/renault/bilineaire/Havet_2013.pdf

1 Dual d’un espace vectoriel 1
1.1. Rappels et notations .............................. 1
1.2. Espace dual ................................... 2
1.3. Hyperplan .................................... 4
1.4. Base duale .................................... 5
1.5. Transposition .................................. 8
2 Alg`ebre bilin´eaire 10
2.1. Formes bilin´eaires ................................ 10
2.2. Formes quadratiques .............................. 13
2.3. Orthogonalit´e .................................. 16
2.4. Formes non d´eg´en´er´ees ............................. 18
2.5. Bases orthogonales ............................... 20
2.6. R´eduction des formes quadratiques ...................... 25
3 Espace Euclidien 28
3.1. Produit scalaire ................................. 28
3.2. Orthogonalit´e dans les espaces pr´ehilbertiens r´eels .............. 32
3.3. Adjoint d’un endomorphisme ......................... 36
3.4. Endomorphisme sym´etrique .......................... 38
3.5. Endomorphisme orthogonal .......................... 40
3.6. Forme r´eduite d’un endomorphisme orthogonal ................ 43
4 Applications 48
4.1. Endomorphismes sym´etriques et formes quadratiques ............ 48
4.2. Polynˆomes orthogonaux ............................ 50
4.3. Coniques et quadriques ............................. 51
Index 55