This book integrates topics in basic research and clinical medicine as well as molecular and cell biology.
It presents innovative advances in the field of immunodeficiency syndromes and viral/bacterial respiratory infections, including a novel hyperbaric oxygen treatment for COVID-19. A comprehensive insight is offered into the unresolved molecular pathways in chemosensing that plays a vital role in detecting insufficient tissue oxygenation, as well as in sporting accomplishments. Other articles address cardiorespiratory and humoral responses to hypoxia, the function of cementum in the repair and regeneration of teeth, and periprosthetic fractures following hip arthroplasty in the elderly. The issue of the overwhelming burdens on caregivers to spinal injury patients, damaging both health and psychosocial status, is addressed.
The book promotes translation of scientific advances to the general medical practice. It will be a valuable reference for clinical healthcare professionals and researchers interested in innovative practices to improve the prevention, diagnosis, and management of diseases.
Author(s): Mieczyslaw Pokorski
Series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology (1289)
Edition: 1
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2021
Contents
Role of IP3 Receptors in Shaping the Carotid Chemoreceptor Response to Hypoxia But Not to Hypercapnia in the Rat Carotid Body:...
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Preparation and Protocol
2.2 Carotid Body Glomus Cells
2.3 IP3R/s-Related Immunofluorescence in Glomus Cells in Hypoxia and Hypercapnia
2.4 Ca2+ Measurements in Carotid Bodies Glomus Cells Exposed to Hypoxia and Hypercapnia
2.5 Carotid Sinus Nerve (CSN) Activity in In Vitro Carotid Body (CB) During Hypoxia and Hypercapnia
3 Results
3.1 Immunofluorescence of IP3 Receptors
3.2 Glomus Cells´ Calcium Content [Ca2+]c and Carotid Sinus Nerve (CSN) Responses to Hypoxia Before and After Pretreatment wit...
3.3 Effect of 2-APB on Hypoxic and Hypercapnic Responses (Fura-2 AM Probe)
3.4 Effect of Extracellular Ca2+ Chelation on Hypoxic Responses (Fura-2 AM Probe)
3.5 Hypoxia and [Ca2+]c Change in Glomus Cells: A Graded Response to 2-APB (Indo-1 AM Probe)
3.6 Hypercapnia and [Ca2+]c Changes: Effect of 2-APB (Indo-1 AM Probe)
3.7 Hypoxic and Hypercapnic Ca2+ Responses in Glomus Cells with Curcumin (Fura-2 AM Probe)
3.8 Carotid Sinus Nerve (CSN) Responses to Hypoxic Solution and the Effect of Curcumin
3.9 Carotid Sinus Nerve (CSN) Responses to Hypercapnic Solution and the Effects of Curcumin
3.10 IP3R/s Activation with ATP and Inhibition with 2-APB (Indo-1 AM and Fura-2 AM Probes)
3.11 Ryanodine Receptors (RyR/s) Activation and IP3R/s Inhibitory Effects of 2-APB Interaction
4 Discussion
4.1 Role of Phosphorylation in Chemoreception
4.2 IP3R/s at the Cell Membrane, Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), and [Ca2+]c Increase
4.3 IP3R/s Activation with ATP and Inhibition with 2-APB
4.4 Ryanodine Receptor (RyR) Activation and the Role of IP3R Inhibition
4.5 Mitochondria (MT) and Membrane Link
5 Summary and Conclusions
References
The Role of Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment for COVID-19: A Review
1 Introduction
2 Hyperbaric Oxygen (HBO): Mechanisms of Action
3 Hyperbaric Oxygen (HBO) and Inflammation
4 Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pathogenesis: Between Inflammation and Cytokine Storm
5 Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBO) and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
6 Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBO) and Viral Diseases
7 Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBO), Cytokine Storm, and Stem Cells
8 Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBO) and Other Possible Effects in Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19)
9 Possible Adverse Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBO)
10 Conclusions
References
Primary Immunodeficiencies: Diseases of Children and Adults - A Review
1 Introduction
2 Genetic Defects in Primary Immunodeficiencies (PIDs)
3 Modern Genetic Approaches for Molecular Diagnostics and Monitoring of Primary Immunodeficiencies (PIDs)
4 Clinical Presentation of Primary Immunodeficiencies (PIDs)
5 Progress in Therapy of Primary Immunodeficiencies (PIDs)
6 Gene Therapy for Patients with Primary Immunodeficiencies (PIDs)
7 Conclusions
References
Pneumococcal Vaccine in Adult Asthma Patients
1 Introduction
2 Methods
3 Results
4 Discussion
References
Immunoglobulin G Deficiency in Children with Recurrent Respiratory Infections with and Without History of Allergy
1 Introduction
2 Methods
3 Results
3.1 IgG Deficiencies in Children with Respiratory Tract Infection with and Without a History of Allergy
3.2 IgG Deficiencies in Children with Respiratory Tract Infection with and Without a History of Allergy: Age and Gender Aspects
4 Discussion
References
Pruritus Characteristics in Severe Atopic Dermatitis in Adult Patients
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Patients and Skin Lesions
2.2 Biochemical Indices
3 Results
4 Discussion
References
Pathophysiological Responses to a Record-Breaking Multi-hour Underwater Endurance Performance: A Case Study
1 Introduction
2 Methods
3 Results
3.1 Vital Signs and Body Weight
3.2 Hematologic Profile
3.3 Monoamine Neurotransmitters and Hormones
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Respiratory Muscle Strength and Ventilatory Function Outcome: Differences Between Trained Athletes and Healthy Untrained Perso...
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Study Subjects
2.2 Maximum Inspiratory (MIP) and Expiratory (MEP) Pressure
2.3 Ventilatory Function
2.4 Statistical Analysis
3 Results
4 Discussion
References
Uroflowmetry and Altitude Hypoxia: A Report from Healthy Italian Trekkers and Nepali Porters During Himalayan Expedition
1 Introduction
2 Methods
3 Results
4 Discussion
References
Effects of Intraligamentary Injection of Osteogenic-Induced Gingival Fibroblasts on Cementum Thickness in the Dog Model of Too...
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Preparation of Dogs and the Model of Orthodontic Tooth Movement
2.2 Osteogenic-Induced Gingival Fibroblasts (OIGF)
2.3 Tissue Preparation for Analysis
2.4 Histomorphometry and Data Evaluation
3 Results
3.1 Cellular Cementum in Premolar Tooth Roots (Fig. 1; Panels a1-a5: OIGF and Control Groups)
3.2 Acellular Cementum in Premolar Tooth Roots (Fig. 2; Panels b1-b5: OIGF and Control Groups)
4 Discussion
References
In Silico Evaluation of Treatment of Periprosthetic Fractures in Elderly Patients After Hip Arthroplasty
1 Introduction
2 Methods
3 Results
4 Discussion
References
Appraisal of Burden of Caregivers to Chronically Rehabilitated Patients with Spinal Cord Injuries in a Tertiary Neurological C...
1 Introduction
2 Methods
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
