‘Indian Wars’ and the Struggle for Eastern North America, 1763–1842 examines the contest between Native Americans and Anglo-Americans for control of the lands east of the Mississippi River, through the lens of native attempts to form pan-Indian unions, and Anglo-Americans’ attempts to thwart them.
The story begins in the wake of the Seven Years’ War and ends with the period of Indian Removal and the conclusion of the Second Seminole War in 1842. Anglo-Americans had feared multi-tribal coalitions since the 1670s and would continue to do so into the early nineteenth century, long after there was a credible threat, due to the fear of slave rebels joining the Indians. By focusing on the military and diplomatic history of the topic, the work allows for a broad understanding of American Indians and frontier history, serving as a gateway to the study of Native American history.
This concise and accessible text will appeal to a broad intersection of students in ethnic studies, history, and anthropology.
Author(s): Robert M. Owens
Series: Seminar Studies
Publisher: Routledge
Year: 2020
Language: English
Pages: 194
City: London
Cover
Half Title
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
List of Figures
Chronology
Who’s Who
Glossary
Map
PART I: Analysis and Assessment
Introduction: Clashing Cultures
Competition and Conquest: How Europeans Saw America
For the Love of God
Gender and Colonization
To be “Civilized”
Forming an Imperfect Union
The Tyranny of Terminology
1. Britain’s Tenuous Empire
The European Contest for North America
Penny-wise and Pound-Foolish: Pontiac’s War
Efforts in Diplomacy
Bleeding Pennsylvania
War’s End?
Murder and Real Estate: Lord Dunmore’s War
2. Revolting Americans
Many Problems and Few Solutions
Factionalism among the Cherokees
The British-Indian Alliance Stumbles in the North
Southern Discomfort
Violence Surges in the West
3. Confederations
Patriotic Paternalism
Creeks, Cherokees, and Southerners
Elusive Peace on the Frontier
4. Dueling Unions
Harmar’s Campaign
The St. Clair Disaster
Wayne Takes Command
The Treaty of Greenville
Bowles Bows Out
5. Jeffersonians and Indians
Jefferson’s Indian Land Policy
Tecumseh: The Greatest Pan-Indianist
A Civil War Among the Creeks
Americans Take Aim at Canada
Red Sticks and Old Hickory
6. Indian Wars in the Age of Jackson
The Question of Florida
The First Seminole War
The Black Hawk War
The Second Seminole War
Conclusion: Making Sense of History
Indian Wars in Memory
“Heroes” Need “Villains”
Professors and Producers
PART II: Documents
1. George Croghan at Fort Pitt to Sir William Johnson, 31 March, 1762
2. Sir William Johnson at Johnson Hall 18 March 1763, to Gen. Jeffery Amherst
3. Speech of Pontiac, 27 April 1763
4. Proclamation of Gov. Josiah Martin, North Carolina, 18 May, 1774
5. Virginia Gazette 17 August 1776
6. Virginia Gazette 14 September 1776
7. Virginia Gazette 30 May 1777
8. Extract of a letter from Silver Bluff, October 28 1779
9. The Royal South Carolina Gazette 9 May 1782
10. Alexander McGillivray at Little Tallassee, 15 September 1788, to Richard Winn, Andrew Pickens, and George Mathews, Commissioners
11. Richard Winn, Andrew Pickens, George Mathews, to Alexander McGillivray, Esq. and the head men and warriors of the Creek nation. Hopewell on Keowee, 28 November 1788
12. Kentucky Gazette, 12 April 1788
13. General Joseph Martin, Agent to Cherokees, to Sec. War Knox, 2 February 1789
14. “Anti-Pizaro [sic]” Boston Gazette, 2 January 1792
15. Sec. of War Knox to Gov. William Blount, Southwest Territory, 31 January 1792
16. Hanging Maw’s Talk, 17 November 1792
17. Memorial from the Widow of a Cherokee Chief, submitted to Congress 17 January 1797
18. Piomingo in the Chickasaw Nation to General James Robertson, 17 June 1793
19. Kentucky Gazette 1 September 1800, story from Savannah, Georgia
20. Pres. Jefferson to Gov. Harrison, 27 February 1803
21. Tecumseh’s speech to Gov. Harrison 20 August 1810
22. Lydia Bacon’s journal, 30 November 1811
23. Indian Removal Act of 1830
24. Baltimore Patriot, 21 July 1831, “The Indian Disturbances”
25. Pittsfield Sun (MA), 4 August 1831, from the St. Louis Beacon
26. New Hampshire Sentinel, 11 February 1836,“ A Second Tecumseh”
27. The Floridian, 21 May 1836
Guide to Further Reading
References
Index
