This open access book describes the theory of transformation thermotics and its extended theories for the active control of macroscopic thermal phenomena of artificial systems, which is in sharp contrast to classical thermodynamics comprising the four thermodynamic laws for the passive description of macroscopic thermal phenomena of natural systems. This monograph consists of two parts, i.e., inside and outside metamaterials, and covers the basic concepts and mathematical methods, which are necessary to understand the thermal problems extensively investigated in physics, but also in other disciplines of engineering and materials. The analyses rely on models solved by analytical techniques accompanied by computer simulations and laboratory experiments. This monograph can not only be a bridge linking three first-class disciplines, i.e., physics, thermophysics, and materials science, but also contribute to interdisciplinary development.
Author(s): Liu-Jun Xu, Ji-Ping Huang
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 341
City: Singapore
Contents
1 Preface
1.1 Traditional Thermodynamics Versus Theoretical Thermotics
1.2 Theoretical Thermotics Meets Metamaterials: Inside Versus Outside Metamaterials
1.3 Acknowledgment and Some Additional Notes
References
2 Introduction
2.1 Theoretical Thermotics
2.2 Characteristic Length
2.3 Book Organization
References
Part I Inside Metamaterials
3 Theory for Thermal Wave Control: Transformation Complex Thermotics
3.1 Opening Remarks
3.2 Theoretical Foundation
3.3 Model Application
3.4 Experimental Suggestion
3.5 Conclusion
3.6 Exercise and Solution
References
4 Theory for Thermoelectric Effect Control: Transformation Nonlinear Thermoelectricity
4.1 Opening Remarks
4.2 Theoretical Foundation
4.3 Finite-Element Simulation
4.4 Model Application
4.5 Discussion
4.6 Conclusion
4.7 Exercise and Solution
References
5 Theory for Zero-Index Conductive Cloaks: Constant-Temperature Scheme
5.1 Opening Remarks
5.2 Thermal Zero Index Connotation
5.3 Zero-Index Thermal Cloak
5.4 Finite-Element Simulation
5.5 Laboratory Experiment
5.6 Conclusion
5.7 Exercise and Solution
References
6 Theory for Hele-Shaw Convective Cloaks: Bilayer Scheme
6.1 Opening Remarks
6.2 Governing Equation
6.3 Bilayer Scheme and Scattering-Cancellation Technology
6.4 Convective Cloak Condition
6.5 Finite-Element Simulation
6.6 Discussion
6.7 Conclusion
6.8 Supporting Information
6.9 Exercise and Solution
References
7 Theory for Coupled Thermoelectric Metamaterials: Bilayer Scheme
7.1 Opening Remarks
7.2 Theoretical Foundation
7.3 Finite-Element Simulation
7.4 Discussion
7.5 Conclusion
7.6 Exercise and Solution
References
8 Theory for Enhanced Thermal Concentrators: Thermal Conductivity Coupling
8.1 Opening Remarks
8.2 Monolayer Scheme with Isotropic Thermal Conductivity
8.3 Monolayer Scheme with Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity
8.4 Bilayer Scheme with Isotropic Thermal Conductivity
8.5 Finite-Element Simulation
8.6 Experimental Suggestion
8.7 Conclusion
8.8 Exercise and Solution
References
9 Theory for Chameleonlike Thermal Rotators: Extremely Anisotropic Conductivity
9.1 Opening Remarks
9.2 Chameleonlike Behavior Origin
9.3 Finite-Element Simulation
9.4 Laboratory Experiment
9.5 Discussion
9.6 Conclusion
9.7 Exercise and Solution
References
10 Theory for Invisible Thermal Sensors: Bilayer Scheme
10.1 Opening Remarks
10.2 Linear and Geometrically Isotropic Case
10.3 Linear and Geometrically Anisotropic Case
10.4 Nonlinear Case
10.5 Finite-Element Simulation
10.6 Conclusion
10.7 Exercise and Solution
References
11 Theory for Invisible Thermal Sensors: Monolayer Scheme
11.1 Opening Remarks
11.2 Theoretical Foundation
11.3 Finite-Element Simulation
11.4 Laboratory Experiment
11.5 Conclusion
11.6 Exercise and Solution
References
12 Theory for Invisible Thermal Sensors: Optimization Scheme
12.1 Opening Remarks
12.2 Theoretical Foundation
12.3 Optimization Problem Description
12.4 Finite-Element Simulation
12.5 Laboratory Experiment
12.6 Conclusion
12.7 Exercise and Solution
References
13 Theory for Omnithermal Illusion Metasurfaces: Cavity Effect
13.1 Opening Remarks
13.2 Theoretical Foundation
13.3 Finite-Element Simulation
13.4 Laboratory Experiment
13.5 Discussion
13.6 Conclusion
13.7 Exercise and Solution
References
14 Theory for Effective Advection Effect: Spatiotemporal Modulation
14.1 Opening Remarks
14.2 Theoretical Foundation
14.3 Finite-Element Simulation
14.4 Conclusion
14.5 Exercise and Solution
References
15 Theory for Diffusive Fizeau Drag: Willis Coupling
15.1 Opening Remarks
15.2 Theoretical Foundation
15.3 Finite-Element Simulation
15.4 Experimental Suggestion
15.5 Conclusion
15.6 Exercise and Solution
References
16 Theory for Thermal Wave Refraction: Advection Regulation
16.1 Opening Remarks
16.2 Theoretical Foundation
16.3 Finite-Element Simulation
16.4 Model Application
16.5 Conclusion
16.6 Exercise and Solution
References
Part II Outside Metamaterials
17 Theory for Active Thermal Control: Thermal Dipole Effect
17.1 Opening Remarks
17.2 Thermal-Dipole-Based Thermotics
17.3 Finite-Element Simulation
17.4 Laboratory Experiment
17.5 Discussion
17.6 Conclusion
17.7 Exercise and Solution
References
18 Theory for Thermal Bi/Multistability: Nonlinear Thermal Conductivity
18.1 Opening Remarks
18.2 Theoretical Foundation
18.3 Numerical Analysis and Simulation
18.4 Experimental Suggestion
18.5 Discussion
18.6 Conclusion
18.7 Exercise and Solution
References
19 Theory for Negative Thermal Transport: Complex Thermal Conductivity
19.1 Opening Remarks
19.2 Complex Thermal Conductivity
19.3 Negative Thermal Transport
19.4 Experimental Suggestion
19.5 Conclusion
19.6 Exercise and Solution
References
20 Theory for Thermal Wave Nonreciprocity: Angular Momentum Bias
20.1 Opening Remarks
20.2 Thermal Zeeman Effect
20.3 Thermal Wave Nonreciprocity
20.4 Scalar Interference
20.5 Conclusion
20.6 Exercise and Solution
References
21 Theory for Thermal Geometric Phases: Exceptional Point Encirclement
21.1 Opening Remarks
21.2 Exceptional Point
21.3 Thermal Geometric Phase
21.4 Conclusion
21.5 Exercise and Solution
References
22 Theory for Thermal Edge States: Graphene-Like Convective Lattice
22.1 Opening Remarks
22.2 Theoretical Foundation
22.3 Finite-Element Simulation
22.4 Discussion
22.5 Conclusion
22.6 Exercise and Solution
References
23 Summary and Outlook
23.1 Summary
23.2 Outlook
References
Appendix A Particle Diffusion: Exceptional Points, Geometric Phases, and Bilayer Cloaks
Opening Remarks
Exceptional Point
Geometric Phase
Bilayer Cloak
Conclusion
Appendix B Plasma Diffusion: Transformation Scheme
Opening Remarks
Theoretical Foundation
Results and Discussion
Conclusion
