The Washington Manual of Medical Therapeutics 36th Edition

Title page
Copyright
Dedication
Contributors
Chairman
Preface
1. Inpatient Care in Internal Medicine
General Care of the Hospitalized Patient
Prophylactic Measures
Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis
Decubitus Ulcers
Acute Inpatient Care
Chest Pain
Dyspnea
Acute Hypertensive Episodes
Fever
Pain
Altered Mental Status
Insomnia and Anxiety
Perioperative Medicine
Preoperative Cardiac Evaluation
Perioperative Anticoagulation and Antithrombotic Management
Perioperative Management Of Specific Conditions
Hypertension
Pacemakers and ICDs
Pulmonary Disease and Preoperative Pulmonary Evaluation
Anemia and Transfusion Issues in Surgery
Liver Disease
Diabetes Mellitus
Adrenal Insufficiency and Corticosteroid Management
Chronic Renal Insufficiency and ESRD
Acute Renal Failure
2 Nutrition Support
Nutrient Requirements
General Principles
Assessment Of Nutritional Status
General Principles
Diagnosis
Enteral Nutrition
General Principles
Parenteral Nutrition
General Principles
3 Preventive Cardiology
Hypertension
Dyslipidemia
4 Ischemic Heart Disease
Coronary Heart Disease and Stable Angina
Acute Coronary Syndromes, Unstable Angina, and Non–ST-Segment Elevation 
Myocardial Infarction
ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
5 Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathy
Heart Failure
General Principles
Diagnosis
Treatment of Heart Failure
Special Considerations
Acute Heart Failure and Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema
Cardiomyopathy
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy
6 Pericardial and Valvular Heart Disease
Pericardial Disease
Acute Pericarditis
Constrictive Pericarditis
Cardiac Tamponade
Valvular Heart Disease
Mitral Stenosis
Aortic Stenosis
Mitral Regurgitation
Aortic Regurgitation
Prosthetic Heart Valves
Infective Endocarditis in Native or Prosthetic Valves
Management of Pregnant Patients With Prosthetic Heart Valves
7 Cardiac Arrhythmias
Tachyarrhythmias
Approach to Tachyarrhythmias
Supraventricular Tachyarrhythmias
Atrial Fibrillation
Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias
Bradyarrhythmias
Syncope
8 Critical Care
Respiratory Failure
Noninvasive Oxygen Therapy
Airway Management and Endotracheal Intubation
Mechanical Ventilation
Shock
9 Obstructive Lung Disease
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Asthma
10 Pulmonary Diseases
Pulmonary Hypertension
Obstructive Sleep Apnea–Hyponea Syndrome
Interstitial Lung Disease
Hemoptysis
Cystic Fibrosis
Solitary Pulmonary Nodule
Pleural Diseases
11 Allergy and Immunology
Adverse Drug Reactions
Anaphylaxis
Eosinophilia
Urticaria and Angioedema
Immunodeficiency
12 Fluid and Electrolyte Management
Fluid Management and Perturbations 
in Volume Status
The Euvolemic Patient
The Hypovolemic Patient
The Hypervolemic Patient
Disorders of Sodium Concentration
Hyponatremia
Hypernatremia
Potassium
Hypokalemia
Hyperkalemia
Calcium
Hypercalcemia
Hypocalcemia
Phosphorus
Hyperphosphatemia
Hypophosphatemia
Magnesium
Hypermagnesemia
Hypomagnesemia
Acid–Base Disturbances
General Principles
Metabolic Acidosis
Metabolic Alkalosis
Respiratory Acidosis
Respiratory Alkalosis
13 Renal Diseases
Evaluation of the Patient with Renal Disease
Acute Kidney Injury
Glomerulopathies
Minimal Change Disease
Membranous Nephropathy
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
Diabetic Nephropathy
Deposition Disorders/Dysproteinemias
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephropathy
IgA Nephropathy/Henoch–Schönlein Purpura
Postinfectious Glomerulonephropathy
Lupus Nephritis
Pulmonary–Renal Syndromes
Polycystic Kidney Disease
Nephrolithiasis
Management of Chronic Kidney Disease
Renal Replacement Therapies
Approach to Dialysis
Hemodialysis
Peritoneal Dialysis
Transplantation
14 Treatment of Infectious Diseases
Principles of Therapy
Toxin-Mediated Infections
Clostridium difficile Infection
Tetanus
Toxic Shock Syndrome
Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome
Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome
Skin, Soft Tissue, And Bone Infections
Purulent Skin and Soft Tissue Infections (Furuncles, Carbuncles, Abscesses)
Nonpurulent Skin And Soft Tissue Infections 
(Erysipelas And Cellulitis)
Erysipelas
Cellulitis
Complicated Skin and Soft Tissue Infections
Infected Decubitus Ulcers and Limb-Threatening Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Necrotizing Fasciitis
Anaerobic Myonecrosis (Gas Gangrene)
Osteomyelitis
Central Nervous System Infections
Meningitis
Encephalitis
Brain Abscess
Neurocysticercosis
Cardiovascular Infections
Infective Endocarditis
Myocarditis
Pericarditis
Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
Pharyngitis
Epiglottitis
Rhinosinusitis
Influenza Virus Infection
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
Acute Bronchitis
Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Lung Abscess
Tuberculosis
Gastrointestinal And Abdominal Infections
Infectious Gastroenteritis
Chronic Diarrhea
Intra-Abdominal Infection
Peritonitis
Hepatobiliary Infections
Other Infections
Genitourinary Infections
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria
Cystitis
Genitourinary Infections in Men
Systemic Mycoses And Atypical Organisms
Candidiasis
Cryptococcosis
Histoplasmosis
Blastomycosis
Coccidioidomycosis
Aspergillosis
Sporotrichosis
Mucormycosis
Nocardiosis
Actinomycosis
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria
Tick-Borne Infections
Lyme Disease
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Erlichiosis and Anaplasmosis
Tularemia
Babesiosis
Heartland and Bourbon Virus
Mosquito-Borne Infections
Arboviruses
West Nile Virus
Chikungunya
Dengue
Zika Virus
Malaria
Zoonoses
Cat-Scratch Disease (Bartonellosis)
Leptospirosis
Brucellosis
Q Fever
Bite Wounds
Animal Bites
Human Bites
Health Care-Associated Infections
Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections
Hospital and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection
Methicillin-Resistant Staphyloccus aureus Infections
Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus Infections
Multidrug-Resistant Gram Negative Infections
Bioterrorism And Emerging Infections
Anthrax
Plague
Botulism
Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers: Ebola Virus Disease
15 Antimicrobials
Introduction
Antibacterial Agents
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Monobactams
Carbapenems
Aminoglycosides
Vancomycin
Fluoroquinolones
Macrolide and Lincosamide Antibiotics
Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim
Tetracyclines
Antimicrobial Agents, Miscellaneous
Colistin and Polymyxin B
Dalbavancin
Daptomycin
Fosfomycin
Oxazolidinones
Metronidazole
Nitrofurantoin
Oritavancin
Quinupristin/Dalfopristin
Telavancin
Tigecycline
Antimycobacterial Agents
Isoniazid
Rifamycins
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol
Streptomycin
Antiviral Agents
Antiinfluenza Agents (Neuraminidase Inhibitors)
Antiherpetic Agents
Anticytomegalovirus Agents
Antifungal Agents
Amphotericin B
Azoles
Echinocandins
Miscellaneous
16 Sexually Transmitted Infections, Human 
Immunodeficiency Virus, and Acquired 
Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Sexual History And Gender Affirming Care
Taking a Sexual History
Transgender Medicine
Sexually Transmitted Infections, Ulcerative Diseases
Genital Herpes
Syphillis
Chancroid
Lymphogranuloma Venereum
Sexually Transmitted Infections, Vaginitis, And Vaginosis
Trichomoniasis
Bacterial Vaginosis
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis
Cervicitis/Urethritis
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Human Immunodeficiency Virus And 
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
HIV Type 1
Opportunistic Infections
Pulmonary Syndromes
Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Febrile Syndromes
Mycobacterium avium Complex Infection
Histoplasma capsulatum Infections
Coccidioides immitis infection
Other Endemic Fungi
Central Nervous System And Retinal Disease
Cryptococcus Neoformans
Toxoplasma gondii
Varicella-Zoster Virus
JC Virus
CMV Retinitis
Esophagitis
Candida
Diarrhea
Cryptosporidium 568
Cyclospora, Cystoisospora, Microsporidia, and Campylobacter jejuni
Associated Neoplasms
Kaposi Sarcoma 569
Lymphoma 569
Cervical and Perianal Neoplasias
Sexually Transmitted Infections In Patients With HIV
Genital Herpes
Genital Warts
Syphilis
Additional Resources
17 Solid Organ Transplant Medicine
Solid Organ Transplant Basics
Graft Rejection
Acute Rejection, Kidney
Acute Rejection, Lung
Acute Rejection, Heart
Acute Rejection, Liver
Acute Rejection, Pancreas
Chronic Allograft Dysfunction
Complications
18 Gastrointestinal Diseases
Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Dysphagia and Odynophagia
Nausea and Vomiting
Diarrhea
Constipation
Luminal Gastrointestinal Disorders
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Esophageal Motor Disorders
Peptic Ulcer Disease
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders
Acute Intestinal Pseudo-obstruction (Ileus)
Pancreaticobiliary Disorders
Acute Pancreatitis
Chronic Pancreatitis
Gallstone Disease
Other Gastrointestinal Disorders
Anorectal Disorders
Celiac Sprue
Diverticulosis and Diverticulitis
Gastroparesis
Ischemic Intestinal Injury
19 Liver Diseases
Evaluation of Liver Disease
Viral Hepatitis
Hepatitis A Virus
Hepatitis B Virus
Hepatitis C Virus
Hepatitis D Virus
Hepatitis E Virus
Drug-Induced Liver Injury
Alcoholic Liver Disease
Immune-Mediated Liver Diseases
Autoimmune Hepatitis
Primary Biliary Cholangitis
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Complications Of Cholestasis
Nutritional Deficiencies
Osteoporosis
Pruritis
Metabolic Liver Diseases
Wilson Disease
Hereditary Hemochromatosis
α 1 -Antitrypsin Deficiency
Miscellaneous Liver Disorders
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Ischemic Hepatitis
Hepatic Vein Thrombosis
Portal Vein Thrombosis
Fulminant Hepatic Failure
Cirrhosis
Portal Hypertension
Ascites
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Cirrhosis and Hepatorenal 
Syndrome
Hepatic Encephalopathy
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Liver Transplantation
20 Disorders of Hemostasis and Thrombosis
Hemostasis Disorders
Hemostatic Disorders
Platelet Disorders
Thrombocytopenia
Immune Thrombocytopenia
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura and Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome
Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia
Post-transfusion Purpura
Gestational Thrombocytopenia
Thrombocytosis
Qualitative Platelet Disorders
Inherited Bleeding Disorders
Hemophilia A
Hemophilia B
von Willebrand Disease
Acquired Coagulation Disorders
Vitamin K Deficiency
Liver Disease
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
Acquired Inhibitors of Coagulation Factors
Venous Thromboembolic Disorders
Approach to Venous Thromboembolism
21 Hematologic Disorders and Transfusion 
Therapy
Anemia
Anemia Introduction
Anemias Associated With Decreased 
Red Blood Cell Production
Iron Deficiency Anemia
Thalassemia
Sideroblastic Anemias
Macrocytic/Megaloblastic Anemia
Anemia of Chronic Renal Insufficiency
Anemia of Chronic Disease
Anemia in Cancer Patients
Anemia Associated With HIV Disease
Aplastic Anemia
Anemias Associated With Increased 
Red Blood Cell Destruction
Anemias Associated With Increased 
Erythropoiesis
Sickle Cell Disease
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase 
Deficiency
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Drug-Induced Hemolytic Anemia
Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia
White Blood Cell Disorders
Leukocytosis and Leukopenia
Platelet Disorders
Bone Marrow Disorders
Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Monoclonal Gammopathies
Monoclonal Gammopathy of Unknown Significance
Multiple Myeloma
Waldenström Macroglobulinemia
Amyloidosis
Transfusion Medicine
22 Cancer
Introduction
Approach to the Cancer Patient
Lung Cancer
Breast Cancer
Head and Neck Cancer
Gastrointestinal Malignancies
Esophageal Cancer
Gastric Cancer
Colorectal Cancer
Pancreatic Cancer
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Genitourinary Malignancies
Renal Cancer
Bladder Cancer
Prostate Cancer
Testicular Cancer and Germ Cell Tumors
Gynecologic Malignancies
Cervical Cancer
Endometrial Cancer
Ovarian Cancer
Cancer of Unknown Primary
Melanoma
Central Nervous System Tumors
Sarcoma
Hematologic Malignancies
Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Hairy Cell Leukemia
Hodgkin Lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Multiple Myeloma
Principles of Stem Cell Transplantation
Oncologic Emergencies
Febrile Neutropenia
Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Malignant Hypercalcemia
Spinal Cord Compression
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
Hyperleukocytosis With Leukostasis
Brain Metastases With Increased Intracranial Pressure
Management Of Treatment Toxicities
Nausea
Diarrhea
Supportive Care: Complications Of Cancer
Cancer Pain
Bone Metastasis
Fatigue
Anorexia and Cachexia
Acknowledgment
23 Diabetes Mellitus and Related Disorders
Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus in Hospitalized Patients
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State
Type 1 Diabetes
Type 2 Diabetes
Chronic Complications Of Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetic Nephropathy
Diabetic Neuropathy
Macrovascular Complications Of Diabetes Mellitus
Coronary Heart Disease
Heart Failure
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Miscellaneous Complications
Erectile Dysfunction
Hypoglycemia
24 Endocrine
Evaluation of Thyroid Function
Hypothyroidism
Hyperthyroidism
Goiter, Thyroid Nodules, and Thyroid Carcinoma
Adrenal Failure
Cushing Syndrome
Incidental Adrenal Nodules
Pituitary Adenomas and Hypopituitarism
Hyperprolactinemia
Acromegaly
Osteomalacia
Paget Disease
25 Arthritis and Rheumatologic Diseases
Basic Approach to the Rheumatic Diseases
Infectious Arthritis and Bursitis
Septic Bursitis
Lyme Disease
Crystalline Arthritis
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Spondyloarthropathies
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Arthritis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Reactive Arthritis
Psoriatic Arthritis
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Systemic Sclerosis
Raynaud Phenomenon
Vasculitis
Polymyalgia Rheumatica
Cryoglobulin Syndromes
Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis
26 Medical Emergencies
Airway Emergencies
Emergent Airway Management
Emergent Airway Adjuncts
Pneumothorax
Heat-Induced Injury
Heat Exhaustion
Heat Syncope
Heat Stroke
Cold-Induced Illness
Chilblains
Immersion Injury (Trench Foot)
Frostnip (Superficial Frostbite)
Deep Frostbite
Hypothermia
Overdoses
Acetaminophen
Opioids
Salicylates
27 Neurologic Disorders
Alterations in Consciousness
Alzheimer Disease
Seizures
Multiple Sclerosis
Cerebrovascular Disease
Headache
Head Trauma
Acute Spinal Cord Dysfunction
Parkinson Disease
Neuromuscular Disease
Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Myasthenia Gravis
Other Neuromuscular Disorders
Disorders with Rigidity
28 Toxicology
Overdoses
General
Acetaminophen
Colchicine
Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs
Opioids
Salicylates
Anticonvulsants
Phenytoin and Fosphenytoin
Carbamazepine/Oxcarbazepine
Lamotrigine
Levetiracetam
Valproic Acid
Antidepressants
Tricyclic Antidepressants
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
Serotonin Syndrome
Lithium
Buproprion
Antipsychotics, General
Phenothiazines
Clozapine
Olanzapine
Risperidone, Ziprasidone, Quetiapine
β-Adrenergic Antagonists
Calcium Channel Blockers
Clonidine
Other Antihypertensives
Parasympathetic Agents
Anticholinergics
Insecticides
Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Organophosphates
Carbamates
Pyrethroids
Herbicides
Glyphosate
Paraquat and Diquat
Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
Sympathomimetics, General
Amphetamines
Cocaine
Theophylline
Toxic Alcohol, General
Methanol
Ethylene Glycol
Ethanol
Cyanide
Carbon Monoxide
Oral Anticoagulants
Appendix A: Immunizations and 
Postexposure Therapies
Rabies Postexposure Prophylaxis
Appendix B: Infection Control and Isolation 
Recommendations
Appendix C: Advanced Cardiac Life Support 
Algorithms
Index