Technology, Business, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship in Industry 4.0

Preface
Contents
Part I: Business Solutions
Chapter 1: Development of the Online Platform InCharge: A Design Science Research Approach
1 Introduction
2 Background
3 Research Methodology: Design Science Research
4 The Research Approach and Outputs
4.1 First Stage: Problem Identification and Motivation
4.2 Second Stage: Defining the Objectives for the Solution
4.3 Third State: Design and Development
4.4 Fourth Stage: Demonstration
4.5 Stage 5: Evaluation
4.6 Stage 6: Communication
5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 2: Blockchain and Pharmaceuticals: A Bibliometric and Systematic Literature Review of Scientific Publications Between 2000 and 2021
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
3 Systematic Literature Review Initial Results
3.1 Pharma Supply Chain Management
3.2 Drugs Safety and Manufacturing
3.3 Commercial and Medical Affairs Speaker Programs
3.4 Research and Development (R&D) and Clinical Trials
3.5 Sales and Marketing Data Segmentation and Digital Identity
3.6 Drug Traceability
4 General Descriptive Statistics
5 Bibliometric Analysis
5.1 Co-authorship Data Analysis
5.2 Co-occurrence of Terms and Keywords: Data Analysis
6 Discussions
7 Conclusions
References
Chapter 3: Disruptive Technologies and Businesses: Toward an Accelerated Transformation of Society and the Market
1 Introduction
2 Business and Social Adaptation to Technological Advancement
2.1 Disruptive Technologies and Innovations and New Business Models
2.2 Disruptive Innovation as a Catalyst for Ecosystem-Based Business Models
2.3 Servitization: A Response to the Interaction Between Technology and Business Models
3 Toward a Theory of Business Model Adaptation
3.1 Business Model Adaptation (BMA)
4 The Disruptive Power of the Sharing Economy
4.1 Management in Techno-Economics, New Roles of Disruptive Leaders
5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 4: Obstacles to Innovative Activities: Case of the Floriculture Sector in Ecuador
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
3 Innovation in Ecuador’s Flower Sector
3.1 Framework
3.2 Incentives and Obstacles to Innovation
3.3 Analysis of Obstacles to Innovation in Ecuador’s Flower Sector
4 Results: Key Elements for the Promotion of Innovation in Ecuador’s Flower Sector
5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 5: The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Portuguese Agriculture
1 Introduction
2 Theoretical Framework
3 Methodology
4 Findings
4.1 AI Applied to the Control and Forecast of Agricultural Crop Yield
4.2 AI Applied to the Control and Prevention of Diseases and Pests
4.3 AI Applied in Water Resource Management
5 Discussion of Results
6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 6: The Digital Transformation of the Aerospace Industry in the Madrid Region: A Study of the Situation and Future Trends
1 Introduction
2 The Digital Transformation of the Aerospace Industry: The Approach of the Study
2.1 Digital Technologies and the Digital Transformation: Concepts and Elements
3 Methodology
3.1 General Information Section
3.2 Enablers Section
3.3 Rate or Degree of Digital Transformation Section
4 Study of the Digital Transformation of the Aerospace Sector in the Madrid Region
5 “Startuprisation”: A Proposal for Action
6 Conclusions and Future Trends
References
Part II: Sustainability
Chapter 7: Novel TMP36GT9Z-Based Industrial Temperature Measurement and Analysis for Industry 4.0
1 Introduction
1.1 Smart City: The Future
1.2 Industry 4.0: Smart City Perspective
2 Machine Learning in Smart City Infrastructure
2.1 Temperature Control in the Production Sector
2.2 The Ultimate Commodity
2.3 Effect of Temperature on Production
2.4 Extending the Lifetime of Machinery
3 Industry 4.0 Applications
4 Temperature Monitoring and Assistance Device
5 Extensive Model of the Proposed System
5.1 Working Principle
5.2 Ensemble Averaging (Ā)
5.3 Testing Method
6 Results and Discussions
7 Conclusions and Future Works
References
Chapter 8: Management of the Water Level and Flood Gate Control in Water Reserves in India
1 Introduction
2 Objectives
3 Literature Survey
3.1 IoT Is Primarily Based on Installation Observation and Dominant System
3.2 Wireless Disaster Observation and Management System for Dams
3.3 Water Level Monitoring and Dam Gate Control over IoT
3.4 IoT-Based Model for Monitoring and Controlling Water Distribution
3.5 IoT-Based Water Level Monitoring System for Lake
3.6 Dam Automation Using IoT
3.7 IOT-Based Lake and Reservoir Management System
4 Methodology
4.1 Input Module
4.2 Output Module
4.3 Controller Module
4.4 Process
5 Components
5.1 Arduino Mega
5.2 Liquid Crystal Display
5.3 Ultrasonic Sensor
5.4 Level Measurement Sensor
5.5 Alarm
5.6 GSM
5.7 Relay
6 Results and Discussion
7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 9: Use of Gamification in the Educational Program DigiCraft
1 Introduction
2 DigiCraft Education Program
2.1 The Meaning of DigiCraft
2.2 Its Main Purposes
2.3 Its Pedagogical Model
2.4 Methodology of DigiCraft
2.5 Itineraries, Formats, and Activities to Develop the Program
3 Gamified Evaluation Process to Check the Level of Digital Competence Acquired
4 Conclusions
References
Chapter 10: Smart Hospitality: Goodbye Virus!
1 Introduction
2 RAISA Technologies Within the Hospitality Industry
3 New Technologies Applied to the Hotel Sector
3.1 Robots
3.1.1 Case 1: The Savioke Hotel Robot
3.2 Artificial Intelligence
3.2.1 Case 2: Alexa for Hospitality
3.3 Service Automation
3.3.1 Case 3: Oracle Hospitality Kiosk
4 New Technologies Applied to the Restaurant Sector
4.1 Case 4: Flying Glasses and Dishes at Timbre @ the Substation’s Music Bar and Restaurant!
4.2 Case 5: Robots: Powered by Spyce Restaurant
4.3 Case 6: Lucy and Mary at Your Service!
5 How Technologies Will Help Best Practice in Hospitality to Eradicate the COVID-19 Pandemic
5.1 Tourism State of the Art in the Era of COVID-19
6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 11: Digital Skills of the Ecuadorian Population in the Framework of a Hybrid Society
1 Introduction
2 Framework of Competencies
3 Digital Skills
4 Global Digitization
5 Analysis of Digital Capacity in Latin America
6 Analysis of Digital Skills in the Ecuadorian Education System
7 Conclusions
References
Chapter 12: Tourist Reactivation Through Digital Marketing in the Communities of Santa Elena Province: Opportunities and Challenges
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
2.1 Digital Marketing
2.2 Tourism Marketing
2.3 Digital Marketing and Tourism
2.4 New Tourism Digital Marketing Tools
2.4.1 Websites and Blogs
2.4.2 Display Advertising
2.4.3 Email Marketing
2.5 Trends in Tourism Digital Marketing
2.5.1 Blockchain
2.5.2 Artificial Intelligence
2.5.3 Chatbots
2.5.4 Augmented Reality
2.6 Challenges in the Transformation of Tourism Toward a New Digital Era
2.6.1 Uptake of Technology
2.6.2 Access to Resources
2.6.3 Information Sharing and Learning
2.6.4 Business Innovation
3 Methodology
4 Opportunities and Challenges of Digital Marketing in Communities of Santa Elena
4.1 Uptake of Technology
4.2 Access to Resources
4.3 Information Sharing and Learning
4.4 Business Innovation
5 Conclusions
References
Part III: Technology and Innovation
Chapter 13: Technology Entrepreneurship and Innovation: A Systematic Literature Review
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Method
4 Results
4.1 Bibliographic Coupling of Document References
5 Conclusions, Implications, and Future Research Agenda
References
Chapter 14: Short- and Medium-Term Entrepreneurship Intention Analysis of University Students Based on the Theory of Multiple Intelligences Using Artificial Neural Networks
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
3 Results
3.1 Overall Statistics Results
3.2 Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient Results
3.3 Classification Results of the Artificial Neural Network
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 15: State of Art of Blockchain Technology in the Educational Sector
1 Introduction
2 Blockchain Technology
3 Research Questions
4 Research Methodology
5 Result Analysis
6 Critical Analysis
7 Conclusion and Future Work
References
Chapter 16: Data Visualization in the News Media: Trends and Challenges
1 Introduction
2 Theoretical Framework
2.1 Methodologies Employed by Data Visualization
3 Materials and Methods
4 Results
4.1 Corpus of Publications
4.2 Trends in Data Visualization
4.3 Challenges Faced by Use of Data Visualization in the Digital News Media
4.4 Technologies Employed in Data Visualization
4.5 Protocols for the Application of Data Visualization in Journalism
5 Discussion
6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 17: Two Decades (2000–2020) of Scientific Production About Digital Economy: A Bibliometric Analysis
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Materials and Methods
4 Results
4.1 Descriptive Analysis
4.2 Analysis of Thematic Areas
5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 18: Intelligent IoT (IIoT)-Based Food Supply Monitoring System with Alert Messages in Transmission and Distribution Environment
1 Introduction
2 Associated Works
2.1 Factors Affecting the Food Quality
2.2 Prevention of Contamination
3 Sensing the Standards of the Food
3.1 Integrated Sensing and Communication Systems
3.2 Sensing and Communication Architecture
3.3 Sensing and Communication Technologies
3.4 Power Consumption
3.5 Intelligent Dispersion of Food
4 Results and Discussions
5 Conclusions and Future Considerations
References
Chapter 19: Network Analysis of Researchers: A Study of Objects in Research Practices
1 Introduction
2 Data and Method
3 Results
3.1 Influence of Social Connections on Item
4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 20: Implementation of a Laboratory for Malware Analysis
1 Introduction
2 Context and State of the Art
2.1 Malware Analysis Laboratory
2.2 Malware Analysis
3 Objectives
3.1 Overall Objective
3.2 Specific Objectives
4 Methodology
5 Proposal
5.1 Laboratory Architecture
5.2 Implementation
6 Conclusions
References
Index