Sustainable Management of Electronic Waste

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Foreword
Preface
Chapter 1 Integration of Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Energy Management
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Summary of Artificial Intelligence Techniques
1.2.1 Machine Learning
1.2.2 Deep Learning (DL) Techniques
1.3 Reasons for Applying AI in EMS
1.4 ML in Renewable Energy
1.4.1 ML for Renewable Energy Applications
1.4.2 Countries Focusing on ML
1.4.3 Notable ML Projects
1.4.4 How ML is Renovating the Energy Industry
1.4.5 Machine Learning in Renewable Energy
1.5 Integration of AI in Smart Grids
1.5.1 Load Balancing
1.5.2 Power Grid Stability Assessment
1.5.3 Smart Grid Challenges
1.5.4 Future of AI in Smart Grids
1.5.5 Challenges of AI in Smart Grids
1.6 Parameter Selection and Optimization
1.6.1 Strategies for Tuning Hyperparameter Values in a Machine Learning Model
1.7 Biological-Based Models for EMS
1.8 Future of ML in Energy
1.9 Opportunities, Limitations, and Challenges
1.9.1 Opportunities and Limitations
1.9.2 Challenges
1.10 Conclusion
References
Chapter 2 Artificial Neural Network Process Optimization for Predicting the Thermal Properties of Biomass: Recent Advances and Future Challenges
Abbreviations
2.1 Introduction
2.2 AI Technology and Its Application on Renewable Energy
2.3 Bioenergy and ANN
2.4 ANN Model Development
2.4.1 Methodologies Used for Target Model
2.4.2 Various Stages Involved in ANN Modelling
2.4.3 Important Terms Used in ANN Modeling
2.5 Future Scope of ANN-Bioenergy
2.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3 E-Waste Management and Bioethanol Production
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Review
3.3 Degradation of Lignocellulose
3.4 Bioprocessing of Lignocellulosic Materials
3.4.1 Fermentation
3.4.2 Microorganisms for Ethanol Production
3.4.3 Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Material and Preparation of Extracts
3.4.3.1 Analytical Method
3.4.3.2 Estimation of Total Cellulose Contents
3.4.3.3 Estimation of Hemicelluloses Content
3.4.4 Preparation of Inoculum
3.4.5 Estimation of Ethanol
3.5 AI Technologies
3.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 4 A Novel-Based Smart Home Energy Management System for Energy Consumption Prediction Using a Machine Learning Algorithm
4.1 Introduction
4.1.1 Bayesian Linear Regression
4.2 Literature Review
4.3 Proposed Work
4.3.1 Enhanced Bayesian Linear Regression Machine Learning Algorithm (EBLRML)
4.4 Results and Discussion
4.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 5 AI-Based Weather Forecasting System for Smart Agriculture System Using a Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) Algorithm
5.1 Introduction
5.1.1 Deep Learning
5.2 Literature Review
5.3 Proposed Work
5.3.1 Dataset Description
5.3.2 Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)
5.4 Results and Discussion
5.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 6 Comprehensive Review of IoT-Based Green Energy Monitoring Systems
6.1 Introduction
6.2 IoT-Based Green Energy Monitoring Systems
6.3 Comparative Analysis
6.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 7 The Contribution of Renewable Energy with Artificial Intelligence to Accomplish Organizational Development Goals and Its Impacts
7.1 Introduction
7.1.1 AI will Balance Millions of Assets on the Grid
7.2 AI Contributions in Conventional and Renewable Energy
7.3 AI-Based Technology in Renewable Energy
7.3.1 Challenges of the Renewable Energy Sector
7.3.2 Artificial Intelligence in Wind Farming
7.4 A Look at Some Challenges Faced by the Renewable Energy Industry
7.5 Higher Computational Power & Intelligent Robotics
7.6 The Impact of Digital Technology on Energy Company Results
7.6.1 Smart Match of Supply Through Demand
7.6.1.1 Thermal Energy
7.7 Conclusion
7.8 Future Work
References
Chapter 8 Current Trends in E-Waste Management
8.1 Introduction
8.2 What is E-Waste?
8.3 How is E-Waste Recycled and Why Do Problems Exist?
8.4 Global E-Waste Management Market Restraints
8.5 Global E-Waste Management Market Opportunities
8.6 Management of E-Waste in India
8.7 New Solutions for E-Waste Excess
8.8 Recent Trends in E-Waste Management
8.8.1 Public Health, Environment, and E-Waste
8.8.2 Disposal and Management of E-Waste
8.9 E-Waste Regulation in India
8.9.1 Treatment of E-Waste
8.9.2 Amendments in E-Waste Management Rules 2018
8.10 Recovery of Resources from E-Waste
8.10.1 Pyrometallurgy
8.10.2 Hydrometallurgy
8.11 Generation and Management of Mobile Phone Waste
8.11.1 Generation of Mobile Phone Waste
8.11.2 Management of Waste from Mobile Devices
8.12 Players of the Market
8.13 Recent Developments
8.14 Conclusion
References
Chapter 9 Current E-Waste Management: An Exploratory Study on Managing E-Waste for Environmental Sustainability
9.1 Introduction
9.2 E-Waste Production
9.3 The Present Predicament
9.3.1 Prospective Developments
9.3.2 Environmental Impacts
9.3.2.1 Possible Adverse Effects on the Environment Resulting from Disposal of Electronic Waste
9.3.2.2 Electronic Trash Disposal and Recycling Both Contribute to Contamination of the Environment
9.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 10 Challenges in E-Waste Management
10.1 Introduction
10.2 E-Waste: Meaning and Definition
10.3 Environmental Sustainability in E-Waste Management
10.4 Sustainable Management of E-Waste
10.5 Life Cycle of E-Waste
10.6 Terminology of E-Waste
10.7 Key Stakeholders in the E-Waste Management System
10.8 Status of E-Waste Management in India
10.9 Challenges in E-Waste Management
10.9.1 Discrepancies in Estimate of E-Waste
10.9.2 Lack of Awareness
10.9.3 The Dominance of the Informal Sector
10.9.4 Inadequate Formal Recycling Sector
10.9.5 Lack of Technological Advancement
10.9.6 Involvement of Child Labour
10.9.7 Ineffective Legislation
10.9.8 Health Hazards
10.9.9 Lack of Incentive Schemes
10.9.10 Reluctance of Authorities Involved
10.9.11 Security Implications
10.9.12 Lack of Research
10.10 E-Waste Policy and Regulation
10.11 E-Waste Recycling
10.12 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Analysis of E-Waste
10.13 Existing Laws Relating to E-Waste
10.14 Management Options
10.14.1 Responsibilities of the Government
10.14.2 Responsibility and Role of Industries
10.14.3 Responsibilities of the Citizen
10.15 Conclusion
References
Chapter 11 Recycling of Electronic Wastes: Practices, Recycling Methodologies, and Statistics
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Recycling E-Waste
11.2.1 Process of E-Waste Recycling
11.2.2 Collection and Transportation
11.2.3 Shredding, Classify, and Uncoupling
11.2.4 Most Effective Method to Remove Metals
11.3 Smart Phones at the End of Their Life
11.4 Recycling of Printed Circuit Boards (PCB)
11.5 Solar Panel Recycling
11.6 How Has E-Waste Management in India Evolved Through the Years?
11.6.1 Promoting Formal E-Waste Recycling
11.6.2 Training and Upskilling Informal Sector Players
11.6.3 International Statistics of E-Waste
11.6.4 National Statistics of E-Waste
11.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 12 Sustainable Development Through the Life Cycle of Electronic Waste Management
12.1 Introduction
12.1.1 Electronics Production, Waste, and Impacts
12.1.2 E-Production: Recycle
12.1.3 Uses of Recycling
12.2 Impact on the Environment
12.3 Environmental Impact of Electronics Manufacturing
12.3.1 Built-In Obsolescence is Also to Blame
12.3.2 Usage of ISO 14001 Helps to Lessen How Much of an Impact Producing Electronics has on the Environment
12.4 E-Waste Management Initiative
12.4.1 Present Barriers in Recycling of E-Waste
12.4.2 Global E-Waste Problem
12.5 Issues with E-Waste in India
12.6 Impact of E-Waste Recycling in Developing Nations
12.7 Opportunities and Challenges in E-Waste Management in India
12.8 Recent Investigations on Electronic Waste Management
12.9 Conclusion
References
Chapter 13 E-Waste Challenges & Solutions
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Related Works
13.3 E-Waste: A Preamble
13.4 Six Categories of E-Waste
13.5 Composition of Materials Found in Equipment
13.6 Recycling of WEEE
13.7 Procedures in the E-Waste Management
13.7.1 Disposal Systems
13.7.2 E-Waste Management Challenges
13.7.3 Market Mismanagement for End-of-Life Products
13.8 E-Waste (Management) Rules
13.8.1 2016 E-Waste (Management) Rules
13.8.2 Central Issues for Rules 2016 of E-Waste Management
13.9 Report from the Central Pollution Control Board
13.10 An Integrated Waste Management Systems Web Application
13.10.1 Intent Behind the Application
13.11 E-Waste Management Rules 2016 Amendments
13.12 Management of Battery Waste Rules, 2022
13.13 Conclusion
References
Chapter 14 Global Challenges of E-Waste: Its Management and Future Scenarios
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Worldwide Production of E-Waste
14.3 Global Availability of E-Waste: Additional Information
14.4 Environmental Impact of E-Waste
14.4.1 E-Waste Impacts on Soil Ecosytem
14.4.2 Impacts of E-Waste in the Water
14.4.3 E-Waste Impacts on Air Pollution
14.4.4 Final Considerations on the Effect of E-Waste on the Environment
14.5 Management of E-Waste
14.6 Concerns and Challenges
14.6.1 Absence of Infrastructure
14.6.2 Hazardous Impact on Human Health
14.6.3 Lack of Enticement Schemes
14.6.4 Poor Awareness and Sensitization
14.6.5 High-Cost of Setting Up Recycling Facility
14.7 Future Scenarios of E-Waste
14.8 The Need for Scientific Acknowledgment and Research
14.9 Conclusion
References
Chapter 15 Impact of E-Waste on Reproduction
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Literature Review
15.3 Discussion
15.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 16 Challenges in Scale-Up of Bio.Hydrometallurgical Treatment of Electronic Waste: From Laboratory-Based Research to Practical Industrial Applications
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Methodology
16.3 Results
16.3.1 Pre-Treatment
16.3.1.1 Physical
16.3.1.2 Chemical
16.3.1.3 Biological: Bioflotation
16.3.2 Treatment: Metal Extraction
16.3.2.1 Biohydrometallurgy: Bioleaching
16.3.3 E-Waste Bioleaching Process
16.3.3.1 Preparation
16.3.3.2 Microorganism Adaptation to E-Waste Phase
16.3.3.3 Bioleaching Methods
16.3.3.4 Technical Considerations in the Bioleaching Process
16.3.4 E-Waste Bioleaching Up-Scaling
16.3.4.1 Bioleaching Process Scale-Up: Challenges
16.3.4.2 Pre-Treatment
16.3.4.3 Culture Conditions
16.3.5 Omics and Bioinformatics
16.3.6 Metal/Metalloids Recovery Techniques
16.3.6.1 Biological Recovery Techniques: Immobilization Mechanisms
16.3.7 Recovered Materials
16.3.7.1 Rare Earth Elements (REEs)
16.3.7.2 Nanomaterials
16.4 Economic Feasibility
16.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 17 Current Advances in Recycling of Electronic Wastes
17.1 Introduction
17.1.1 Informal Recycling
17.1.2 Formal Recycling
17.2 E-Waste: A General Description and Classification and Issues on the Environment and Health
17.2.1 E-Waste Classification
17.2.2 Issues on Environment and Health
17.3 Conventional Approaches to E-Waste Recycling, Advantages and Disadvantages
17.3.1 Physical Methods
17.3.1.1 Incineration
17.3.1.2 Sieving
17.3.1.3 Gravity Separation
17.3.1.4 Magnetic Separation
17.3.1.5 Electrochemical Separation
17.3.1.6 Metallurgical Methods
17.3.1.7 Pyrometallurgy
17.3.1.8 Disadvantages of Pyrometallurgy
17.3.1.9 Hydrometallurgy
17.3.1.10 Biometallurgy
17.4 Advances in Approaches for Improving E-Waste Recycling for Value-Added Materials and Biomaterials Generation
17.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgement
References
Chapter 18 E-Waste: The Problem and the Solutions
18.1 Introduction
18.2 India’s Electronic Waste Crisis
18.3 Inadequate Infrastructure for Refurbishing E-Waste
18.3.1 Financial Incentives and Lack of Awareness
18.3.2 Limited Available Statistics on Rates of Creation of Electronic Trash
18.3.3 Market Mismanagement for End-of-Life Products
18.3.4 Environmentally Irresponsible Practices in the Informal Sector
18.3.5 Poorly Designed and Enforced Regulations
18.4 Enhancing India’s E-Waste Management
18.4.1 Providing Price Information on the Market for E-Waste
18.4.2 Promoting the Recycling of Formal E-Waste
18.4.3 Players in the Informal Sector are Trained and Upgraded
18.4.4 Utilizing Technology for Recycling that is Both Finished and Cutting-Edge
18.4.5 Creating New Technology & Methods for Processing New Types of E-Waste
18.5 Effects of E-Waste Recycling in Developing India Like Nations
18.6 Opportunity for Managing E-Waste in India
18.6.1 What Assistance Can Governments, City Management, and Citizens Provide?
18.7 Management of Electronic Waste
References
Chapter 19 Contribution of E-Waste Management in Green Computing
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Concept of Green Computing
19.2.1 E-Waste Management and Recycling
19.3 A History of Green Computing
19.4 Benefits of Recycling in Green Computing
19.5 E-Waste Management Steps
19.6 E-Waste Recycling: An Approach Towards Green Computing
19.6.1 How is Green Computing Achieved?
19.6.2 How Does E-Waste Recycling Affect Green Computing?
19.6.3 How Does Veracity World Differ?
19.7 Harmful Effects of E-Waste
19.7.1 Effects on Air Quality
19.7.2 Effects on Humans
19.7.3 Concerning Global Data on E-Waste
19.8 E-Waste and the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda
19.9 Significant International E-Waste Agreements
19.9.1 The International Convention to Prevent Pollution from Ships (MARPOL)
19.9.2 The Ozone Depletion Protocol of the Montreal Protocol (1989)
19.9.3 The Durban Declaration of 2008
19.9.4 India’s E-Waste Production
19.9.5 2016 E-Waste Management Regulations
19.10 Conclusion
References
Index
EULA