Supply Chain Management Strategies and Methodologies: Experiences from Latin America

Preface
Part I The Supply Chain in the Procurement
Part II The Supply Chain in Production Process
Part III The Supply Chain in the Distribution Process
Part IV Miscellaneous in the Supply Chain
Acknowledgments
Contents
Contributors
List of Figures
List of Tables
Part I The Supply Chain in the Procurement
1 Supply Chain Strategies and Methodologies—A Bibliometric Review
1.1 Supply Chain Strategies
1.1.1 Types of Supply Chain Strategies
1.1.2 How Can an SCS Be Defined?
1.1.3 Traditional Ways of Improving SCS
1.1.4 SCS Research Trends
1.2 Methodology
1.2.1 Identification of References
1.2.2 Analysis of References
1.3 Results
1.3.1 Identification of Documents
1.3.2 The Main Authors
1.3.3 The Main Areas of Application of the SCS
1.3.4 Types of Documents Published on SCS
1.3.5 Funding and Sponsors in SCS Research
1.3.6 The Main Institutions Where SCS Research is Carried Out
1.3.7 Countries Where SCS Research is Being Conducted
1.3.8 Main Keywords
1.3.9 Most Cited Documents
1.3.10 Most Cited Sources
1.3.11 Most Cited Authors
1.3.12 Most Cited Institutions
1.3.13 Most Cited Countries
1.3.14 Average Number of Citations
1.4 Conclusions
References
2 Using Meta-Learning in Automatic Demand Forecast with a Large Number of Products
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Literature Review
2.3 Methodology
2.3.1 Forecasting with Alternative Models
2.3.2 Model Selection Through Meta-Learning
2.3.3 Extraction of Time Series Features
2.3.4 Execution and Evaluation of Meta-Models
2.4 Empirical Setting
2.5 Results
2.5.1 Forecasting Through Standard Models
2.5.2 Generation of Features
2.5.3 Meta-Learning
2.5.4 Business Evaluation
2.6 Discussion and Future Research
References
3 Economic Development and High-Value Supply Chains
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 Related Literature
3.2 Proposed Methodology
3.2.1 Stage 1—Diagnose and Characterization of the Region
3.2.2 Stage 2—Quantify the Potential of Regional Productive Sectors
3.2.3 Stage 3—Identify the Most Relevant Clusters
3.2.4 Stage 4—Identify High-Value Supply Chains
3.3 Case Study
3.3.1 Stage 1: Diagnose the Region—Economic Structure
3.3.2 Stage 2—Quantifying the Potential of Productive Sectors in Tamaulipas
3.3.3 Stage 3—Identifying the Most Relevant Clusters in Tamaulipas During 2018
3.4 Conclusions
References
4 Artificial Intelligence-Based Analysis of Material Supply Costs in ETO Companies Shifting to Mass Customization
4.1 Introduction
4.1.1 Organization of the Purchasing Department
4.1.2 Standardization of Components and Materials
4.2 Methodology
4.2.1 Business Understanding
4.2.2 Data Understanding
4.2.3 Data Preparation
4.2.4 Modeling
4.2.5 Evaluation
4.3 Results and Discussion
4.3.1 Evo_P_Repe Response
4.3.2 Cons_Ventas_T Response
4.3.3 Summary of the Most Significant Results for the Responses Evo_P_Repe and Cons_Ventas_T
4.4 Conclusions
4.4.1 Introduction of Lean Thinking, Reduction of Stocks and Urgent Orders
4.4.2 Standardization of Components and Materials
4.4.3 Early Purchasing Involvement (EPI)
4.4.4 Purchase Management to Improve Prices. Negotiation
References
Part II The Supply Chain in the Production Process
5 Lean-Sigma as a Strategy in Supply Chain Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis-Lessons Learned
5.1 Introduction
5.1.1 Supply Chain Disruptions
5.1.2 Strategic Approaches for the Supply-Chain Disruptions
5.1.3 Strategies for Overcoming the Supply Chain Commotion
5.2 Case Studies
5.2.1 Case 1
5.2.2 Case 2
5.2.3 Case 3
5.3 Conclusions
References
6 Development of an Expert System Focused on Improving the Supply Chain by Increasing the Availability of Equipment
6.1 Introduction
6.1.1 Electric Motors
6.1.2 Artificial Neural Networks
6.2 Methodology
6.2.1 Training and Testing of Artificial Neural Networks
6.3 Results
6.4 Conclusions
References
7 Leadership as a Strategy for Flexibility and Resilience in the Supply Chain
7.1 Introduction
7.1.1 The Maquiladora Industry in Mexico
7.2 Literature Review and Hypotheses
7.2.1 Transactional Leadership in the Supply Chain (TSLSC)
7.2.2 Supply Chain Flexibility (SCF)
7.2.3 Transformational Leadership in the Supply Chain (TFLSC)
7.2.4 Supply Chain Resilience (SCR)
7.3 Materials and Methods
7.3.1 Questionnaire Design
7.3.2 Application of the Questionnaire
7.3.3 Recording and Debugging of Information
7.3.4 Descriptive Analysis of the Sample and Items
7.3.5 Validation of Variables
7.3.6 Validation of Hypotheses—Structural Equation Modeling
7.4 Results
7.4.1 Descriptive Analysis of the Sample
7.4.2 Descriptive Analysis of the Items
7.4.3 Validation of Latent Variables
7.4.4 Structural Equation Modeling
7.5 Conclusion
7.5.1 Structural Equation Modeling Findings
7.5.2 Conclusions from the Sensitivity Analysis
7.5.3 Limitations and Future Lines of Research
References
Part III The Supply Chain in the Distribution Process
8 Demand and Inventory Management for the Creation of an Automated Information Management System: A Case Study Applied to an Ecuadorian Supermarket
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Methodology
8.2.1 Description of Methodology
8.2.2 Collection of Historical Data of the Company
8.2.3 ABC Rating
8.2.4 Forecasts
8.3 Research Methodology and Design
8.3.1 Gathering Historical Data
8.3.2 Data Purification
8.3.3 ABC Rating
8.3.4 Forecasts
8.3.5 Inventories
8.4 Results
8.4.1 Forecasts
8.4.2 Inventories
8.4.3 BPM
8.5 Conclusions and Recommendations
8.5.1 Conclusions
8.5.2 Recommendations
8.5.3 Limitations
References
9 Analysis of Failure Modes and Port Disruptions in Port Terminal Operations: A Case Study in the Port Area of Barranquilla, Colombia
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Literature Review
9.2.1 Port Disruptions
9.2.2 Failure Modes
9.3 Case Study
9.3.1 Most Relevant Disruptions in the Port Under Study
9.3.2 Relationships Between Port Disruptions and Failure Modes in Port Operations
9.4 Conclusions
Annex
References
10 A Proposal for the Distribution of Medicines and Medical Equipment in Mexico
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Methodology
10.2.1 Distribution of Goods
10.3 Results
10.3.1 Case Study
10.3.2 Scenarios
10.3.3 Assignment of Hospital Service Centers to Intermediate Deposits or Central Warehouse
10.3.4 Application of the Clarke and Wright Heuristic
10.4 Analysis of Results
10.5 Conclusions and Recommendations
Annex
References
11 Optimization of the Distribution Process with a Multi-criteria Decision Model in the Poultry Industry
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Literature Review
11.2.1 Assessing the Main Process Under Study: Distribution Process in a Poultry Company
11.2.2 Assessing the Main Criteria for the Selection of Proposed Solutions: Key Performance Indicators in Agri-Food Supply Chains
11.2.3 Assessing the Implication of a Multi-criteria Analytical Model for Decision Making: Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)
11.3 Methodology
11.3.1 Phase 1—Description of Optimal Situation and Objectives and Description of Case Study
11.3.2 Phase 2—Qualitative Analysis
11.3.3 Phase 3—Proposition of Possible Solutions Based on the Critical Causes
11.3.4 Phase 4—Performing Analytical Hierarchy Process
11.4 Results
11.4.1 Phase 1—Description of Optimal Situation, Objectives and Description of Case Study: Analysis
11.4.2 Qualitative Analysis: Second Order Causality: Issue Tree and Objectives
11.4.3 Proposition of Possible Solutions Based on the Critical Causes
11.4.4 Execution of the Analytical Hierarchy Process
11.5 Conclusions
References
12 Geolocation for Tracing the Optimal Route for Claims Attention of Dairy Products
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Case Study: Analysis
12.2.1 General Analysis
12.2.2 Supply Chain Analysis
12.3 Identification of the Problem
12.4 Methodology
12.5 Results
12.6 Results and Discussion
12.7 Conclusions and Recommendations
References
13 Diagnosis and Improvement of Processes for a Distribution Center in a Mass Production Company
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Diagnosis of the Current Situation
13.2.1 Recognition, Description, and BPMN
13.2.2 Obtaining and Analyzing the Parameters
13.2.3 Design and Analysis of the Simulation Model
13.2.4 Improved Process Proposal
13.3 Conclusion and Recommendations
References
14 Vulnerable Regions Distribution of Packed Fresh Food Using Mobile Markets
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Literature Review
14.3 Methodology
14.4 Case Study: The Distribution of Fresh Food Kits Through Mobile Markets in Cochabamba
14.4.1 Phase 1: Area Characterization
14.4.2 Phase 2: Product Design
14.4.3 Phase 3: Distribution Network Design
14.5 Conclusions and Future Research
14.5.1 Conclusions
14.5.2 Future Research
References
Part IV Miscellaneous in the Supply Chain
15 Towards the Development of Sustainable Supply Chains for the End-of-Life Tires Management: Insights from a Literature Approach
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Pyrolysis in Supply Chain Design for ELT Valorization
15.2.1 Descriptive Analysis
15.3 Supply Chain Design for ELT Treatment
15.3.1 Descriptive Analysis
15.4 Conclusions
Appendix 1: Summary of the Publications Reviewed According to Network Structure, Uncertainty
References
16 Battery Recovery Supply Chain Design. A Literature Review
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Methodology and Data Selection
16.3 Results
16.4 Conclusions
References
17 Urban Logistic Analysis in the Commercial Area and Proposal of a Policy for Loading and Unloading of Goods in Popayán City
17.1 Introduction
17.1.1 Literature Review
17.1.2 Urban Logistics
17.1.3 Use of the km2 Methodology for the Analysis of Urban Logistics
17.1.4 Optimization of Transport by Discrete Event Simulation
17.2 Methods and Procedures
17.2.1 Phase 1: Cluster Analysis
17.2.2 Phase 2: Characterization of One Square Kilometer
17.2.3 Phase 3: Discrete Event Simulation
17.3 Results
17.3.1 Phase 1: Characterization of the Study Area
17.3.2 Phase 2. Application of the km2 Methodology
17.3.3 Phase 3—Simulation of Discrete Events
17.3.4 Construction of the Conceptual Model
17.3.5 Data Analysis
17.3.6 Model Construction
17.3.7 Analysis of Simulation Model Results
17.3.8 Vehicle Dwell Time in the System
17.3.9 Vehicle Content Versus Time
17.4 Conclusions and Future Research
References
18 Characterization of Hydrogen Supply Chain Design
18.1 Introduction
18.1.1 Primary Energy Sources (Feedstock)
18.1.2 Production
18.1.3 Steam Methane Reforming (SMR)
18.1.4 Pyrolysis
18.1.5 Gasification
18.1.6 Water Electrolysis
18.1.7 Terminal Facilities
18.1.8 Storage Facilities
18.1.9 Transportation Methods
18.1.10 Fueling Stations
18.2 Characterization of the Global HSC
18.3 Characterization of the HSC in Colombia and Its Future Potential
18.4 Problem Types and Modeling Techniques
18.5 Solution Methods
18.5.1 Exact Methods
18.5.2 Heuristic and Metaheuristic Methods
18.5.3 Simulations
18.6 Future Research in HSC Design
References
19 Towards Cybersecure Maritime Supply Chains in Latin America and the Caribbean
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Cyberthreats, Vulnerabilities and Risks in Maritime Supply Chain Operations
19.3 Development of Cyber Security Capabilities for Maritime Supply Chains in the LAC Region
19.3.1 Oxford's Cybersecurity Capacity Maturity Model for Nations
19.3.2 Strategic, Political and Institutional Cybersecurity Capabilities for LAC's Maritime Industry
19.3.3 Operational Cybersecurity Capabilities for Maritime Supply Chains in the LAC Region
19.3.4 State of Cybersecurity Capabilities in Maritime Supply Chain Operations in the LAC Region
19.4 Cybersecurity Policy and Strategy
19.5 Legal and Regulatory Frameworks
19.6 Standards, Organizations and Technologies
19.7 Discussion
19.7.1 Prospects for Cyberstrategy and Policy in the LAC Region
19.7.2 Recommendation of Good Practices for Cyber Secure Operations in LAC Maritime Supply Chains
19.8 Conclusions
References
20 Strategy in Supply Chain and Logistic Ecosystems in Megaregion Sonora-Arizona
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Literature Review
20.3 Method
20.3.1 Object Under Study
20.3.2 Materials
20.3.3 Procedure
20.4 Results
20.4.1 Level 1 Project Presentations for the Logistics and Commerce Discussion Table
20.4.2 Digital Tools and Software
20.4.3 Logistics Costs and Technological Solutions
20.4.4 Proposal Presentations Facing COVID-19 Pandemics and Post-pandemic
20.4.5 Project Selection to Integrate Logistics Ecosystems
20.4.6 Anchoring Projects by Generating Interest on the Part of Agencies or Institutions
20.5 Conclusions
References