This book presents the so-called Shuffled Shepherd Optimization Algorithm (SSOA), a recently developed meta-heuristic algorithm by authors. There is always limitations on the resources to be used in the construction. Some of the resources used in the buildings are also detrimental to the environment. For example, the cement utilized in making concrete emits carbon dioxide, which contributes to the global warming. Hence, the engineers should employ resources efficiently and avoid the waste. In the traditional optimal design methods, the number of trials and errors used by the designer is limited, so there is no guarantee that the optimal design can be found for structures. Hence, the deigning method should be changed, and the computational algorithms should be employed in the optimum design problems.
The gradient-based method and meta-heuristic algorithms are the two different types of methods used to find the optimal solution. The gradient-based methods require gradient information. Also, these can easily be trapped in the local optima in the nonlinear and complex problems. Therefore, to overcome these issues, meta-heuristic algorithms are developed. These algorithms are simple and can get out of the local optimum by easy means. However, a single meta-heuristic algorithm cannot find the optimum results in all types of optimization problems. Thus, civil engineers develop different meta-heuristic algorithms for their optimization problems.
Different applications of the SSOA are provided. The simplified and enhanced versions of the SSOA are also developed and efficiently applied to various optimization problems in structures. Another special feature of this book consists of the use of graph theoretical force method as analysis tool, in place of traditional displacement approach. This has reduced the computational time to a great extent, especially for those structures having smaller DSI compared to the DKI. New framework is also developed for reliability-based design of frame structures. The algorithms are clearly stated such that they can simply be implemented and utilized in practice and research.
Author(s): Ali Kaveh, Ataollah Zaerreza
Series: Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, 463
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2023
Language: English
Pages: 287
City: Cham
1
Preface
Contents
978-3-031-25573-1_1
1 Introduction
1.1 Introduction
1.2 The Main Phase of the Metaheuristic Algorithms
1.2.1 The Problem Definition Phase
1.2.2 The Algorithm Parameter Definition Phase
1.2.3 The Initialization Phase
1.2.4 The Main Loop
1.3 Structural Optimum Design
1.4 Goals and Organization of the Present Book
References
978-3-031-25573-1_2
2 Shuffled Shepherd Optimization Method: A New Meta-Heuristic Algorithm
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Shuffled Shepherd Optimization Algorithm
2.2.1 Inspiration
2.2.2 Mathematical Model
2.2.3 Steps of the Optimization Algorithm
2.3 Validation of the SSOA
2.3.1 Mathematical Optimization Problems
2.3.2 Engineering Optimization Problems
2.4 Numerical Examples
2.4.1 The 25-Bar Spatial Truss
2.4.2 The 47-Bar Planer Truss
2.4.3 The 72-Bar Spatial Truss
2.4.4 The 120-Bar Dome Truss
2.4.5 A 272-Bar Transmission Tower
2.4.6 A 1016-Bar Double-Layer Grid
2.5 Conclusions
References
978-3-031-25573-1_3
3 Shuffled Shepherd Optimization Method Simplified for Reducing the Parameter Dependency
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Optimization Algorithms
3.2.1 Shuffled Shepherd Optimization Algorithm (SSOA)
3.2.2 Parameters Reduced Shuffled Shepherd Optimization Algorithm (PRSSOA)
3.3 Numerical Examples
3.3.1 The 160-Bar Spatial Truss
3.3.2 The 272-Bar Transmission Tower
3.3.3 The 1016-Bar Double-Layer Grid
3.4 Concluding Remarks
References
978-3-031-25573-1_4
4 An Enhanced Shuffled Shepherd Optimization Algorithm and Application to Space Structures
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Shuffled Shepherd Optimization Algorithm (SSOA)
4.3 Enhanced Shuffled Shepherd Optimization Algorithm
4.3.1 Enhancement on the Initialization Phase
4.3.2 Enhancement on the Stepsize Part
4.4 Statement of the Optimization Problem
4.5 Design Examples
4.5.1 A 693-Bar Double-Layer Barrel Vault
4.5.2 A 1016-Bar Double-Layer Grid
4.5.3 A 1410-Bar Dome Structure
4.6 Concluding Remarks
References
978-3-031-25573-1_5
5 A New Strategy Added to the SSAO for Structural Damage Detection
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Shuffled Shepherd Optimization Algorithm
5.2.1 Steps of SSOA
5.3 Structural Damage Detection Approach
5.3.1 Theoretical Background
5.3.2 Proposed Objective Function
5.3.3 The Boundary Strategy (BS) in Metaheuristic-Based Damage Detection
5.4 Numerical Examples
5.4.1 25-Bar Planar Truss
5.4.2 40-Element Continuous Beam
5.4.3 A 23-Element Asymmetrical Planar Frame
5.4.4 A 72-Bar Spatial Truss
5.5 Concluding Remarks
References
978-3-031-25573-1_6
6 Optimum Design of Curve Roof Frames by SSOA and Comparison with TLBO, ECBO, and WSA
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Metaheuristic Algorithms
6.2.1 Teaching–Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO)
6.2.2 Enhanced Colliding Bodies Optimization (ECBO)
6.2.3 Shuffled Shepherd Optimization Algorithm (SSOA)
6.2.4 Water Strider Algorithm (WSA)
6.3 Statement of the Discrete Optimization Problem
6.3.1 Checking the Design Constraints of the Problem
6.3.2 Optimum Design of the Structures Using the SAP2000-OAPI
6.4 Structural Loading
6.4.1 Load Combinations
6.4.2 Vertical Loads
6.4.3 Lateral Loads
6.5 Design Examples
6.5.1 Discussion and Results for the Frames with L = 16.0 m
6.5.2 Discussion and Results for the Frames with L = 32.0 m
6.6 Concluding Remarks
References
978-3-031-25573-1_7
7 Optimum Design of Castellated Beams Using SSOA and the Other Four Meta-Heuristic Algorithms
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Geometry of the Castellated Beams
7.3 Design of Castellated Beams
7.3.1 Overall Beam Flexural Capacity
7.3.2 Beam Shear Capacity
7.3.3 Flexural and Buckling Strength of Web Post
7.3.4 Vierendeel Bending of Upper and Lower Tees
7.3.5 Geometric Criteria
7.3.6 Deflection of Castellated Beams
7.4 Castellated Beams Optimization
7.4.1 Design of Castellated Beams with Circular Holes
7.4.2 Design of Castellated Beams with Hexagonal Opening
7.5 Recently Developed Meta-Heuristic Algorithms
7.5.1 Shuffled Shepherd Optimization Algorithm (SSOA)
7.5.2 Improved Shuffled Based JAYA Algorithm (IS-JAYA)
7.5.3 Plasma Generation Optimization (PGO)
7.5.4 Set-Theoretical-Based Jaya Algorithm (ST-JA)
7.6 Examples
7.6.1 Castellated Beam with 4-M Span
7.6.2 Castellated Beam with 8-m Span
7.6.3 Castellated Beam with 9-m Span
7.7 Concluding Remarks
References
978-3-031-25573-1_8
8 An Improved PSO Using the SRM of the ESSOA for Optimum Design of the Frame Structures via the Force Method
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Force Method of Frame Analysis
8.3 Graph-Theoretical Force Method
8.4 Optimization Problems with Discrete Design Variables
8.5 PSO-SRM Optimization
8.5.1 Particle Swarm Optimization
8.5.2 Statistical Regeneration Mechanism (SRM)
8.5.3 PSO-SRM Algorithm
8.6 Design Examples
8.6.1 The 1-Bay 10-Story Steel Frame
8.6.2 The 3-Bay 15-Story Steel Frame
8.6.3 The 3-Bay 24-Story Steel Frame
8.7 Discussion and Concluding Remarks
References
978-3-031-25573-1_9
9 An Efficient ESSOA for the Reliability Based Design Optimization Using the New Framework
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Formulation of Optimization and Reliability
9.2.1 Formulation of RBDO Problem
9.2.2 Sequential Optimization Together with Reliability Assessment
9.3 New Reliability-Based Design Optimization Framework
9.3.1 Reliability Assessment
9.3.2 Termination Condition
9.3.3 SORA-Double-Metaheuristic
9.4 SORA-DESSOA
9.4.1 Enhanced Shuffled Shepherd Optimization Algorithm
9.5 Numerical Examples
9.5.1 Benchmark Examples
9.5.2 Structural Benchmark Examples
9.5.3 New Examples
9.6 Concluding Remarks
References
978-3-031-25573-1_10
10 Reliability-Based Design Optimization of the Frame Structures Using the ESSOA and ERao
10.1 Introduction
10.2 The Force Method of Structural Analysis
10.3 RBDO Framework
10.3.1 No Constraint Most Probable Point Finder
10.3.2 Termination Condition
10.3.3 SORA-DM Framework
10.4 Optimization Algorithms
10.4.1 Shuffled Shepherd Optimization Algorithms
10.4.2 Rao Algorithms
10.4.3 Enhanced Shuffled Shepherd Optimization Algorithms
10.4.4 Enhanced Rao Algorithms
10.5 Numerical Examples
10.5.1 The 1-Bay 10-Story Steel Frame
10.5.2 The 3-Bay 15-Story Steel Frame
10.5.3 The 3-Bay 24-Story Steel Frame
10.6 Concluding Remarks
References
