This book discusses the properties, characterization procedures, and analysis techniques of various structural materials. It presents the latest design considerations and uses of engineering materials as well as theories for fully understanding them through numerous worked mathematical examples. The book gradually builds the concept of materials and the principles of material classifications and their response to different physical disturbances, and finally, about the selection methods based upon the test results of the standard methods to choose appropriate materials for various engineering applications. The principles and related theories predicting the response of different structural materials are introduced in a concise and logical manner. A number of illustrations and examples are also given in all chapters for the help of potential readers. The book will be useful for practicing engineers, researchers, and students in the area of civil engineering, especially structural engineering and allied fields.
Author(s): Harvinder Singh
Series: Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2021
Language: English
Pages: 275
City: Singapore
Preface
Contents
About the Author
1 Materials
1.1 Material Classification
1.1.1 Structural and Nonstructural Materials
1.2 Types of Material
1.3 Material Response
1.3.1 Elastic Response
1.3.2 Elasto-Plastic Response
1.3.3 Plastic Response
1.4 Material Properties
1.4.1 Mechanical Properties
1.4.2 Thermal Properties
1.4.3 Acoustical Properties
1.4.4 Electrical Properties
1.4.5 Magnetism
1.4.6 Chemical Properties
Bibliography
2 Material Behavior
2.1 Material Microstructure
2.1.1 Metals and Non-metals
2.1.2 Polymers
2.1.3 Composites
2.2 Material Behavior Under Different Stress Conditions
2.2.1 Tension
2.2.2 Compression
2.2.3 Shear and Bending
2.3 Parameters Affecting the Material Strength
2.3.1 Size and Shape of Specimen
2.3.2 Type of the Loading
2.3.3 Duration of Loading
2.3.4 Stress Conditions
2.4 Material Constitutive Models
2.4.1 Tension Models
2.4.1.1 Multi-linear Relationship
2.4.1.2 Bilinear Relationship
2.4.1.3 Linear Relationship
2.4.1.4 Drop-Constant Relationship
2.4.2 Compression Models
2.4.2.1 Parabolic Stress Block
2.4.2.2 Equivalent Rectangular Stress Block
2.5 Characteristics Strength of Materials
Bibliography
3 Characterizing Material Response
3.1 Different Equipments and Devices
3.1.1 Force Measurement
3.1.2 Strain Measurements
3.1.3 Displacement-Controlled Testing
3.1.4 Load-Controlled Testing
3.1.5 Data Acquisition System
3.2 Selection of Suitable Testing Equipments
3.3 Calibration of Equipments/Instruments/Sensors
3.4 Testing Operations
Bibliography
4 Material Testing and Evaluation
4.1 Sampling
4.2 Acceptance Criterion
4.3 Different Test Parameters
4.3.1 Strength and Stiffness
4.3.2 Toughness and Resilience
4.3.3 Fatigue
4.3.4 Crushing
4.3.5 Impact
4.3.6 Abrasion
4.3.7 Permeability
4.3.8 Time-Dependent Properties, Such as Shrinkage and Creep
4.3.9 Durability Considerations
4.4 Different Methods to Monitor the Quality of Materials
4.5 Nondestructive Testing Procedures
4.5.1 Rebound Hammer Test
4.5.2 Pulse Velocity Testing
4.5.3 Carbonation Depth Measurement
References and Bibliography
References
Bibliography
5 Documenting Test Results
5.1 Test Data
5.1.1 Data Generation
5.1.2 Data Collection
5.1.3 Compilation and Reporting
5.2 Method of Interpretation
5.3 Writing the Test Reports
5.4 Material Selection Process
Bibliography
6 Code of Practice and Guidelines
6.1 Quality Control and Importance
6.2 Different Materials
6.2.1 Cementitious Materials
6.2.1.1 Lime
6.2.1.2 Cements
6.2.1.3 Pozzolanic Materials
6.2.2 Aggregates
6.2.2.1 Fine Aggregates
6.2.2.2 Coarse Aggregates
6.2.3 Admixtures
6.2.4 Reinforcing Materials
6.2.4.1 Structural Steel
6.2.4.2 Fibers
6.2.4.3 Geotextiles and Geogrid
6.2.4.4 Carbon Composites
6.2.5 Concrete
6.2.5.1 Plain Concrete
6.2.5.2 Reinforced Concrete
6.2.5.3 Fiber-Reinforced Concrete
6.2.5.4 Self-Consolidating Concrete
6.2.5.5 Lightweight Concrete
6.2.5.6 Permeable Concrete
6.2.5.7 High-Performance Concrete
6.2.6 Timber
6.2.7 Glass
6.2.8 Aluminum
6.2.9 Asphaltic Materials
6.2.10 Soils
Conflict of Interest
References and Bibliography
References
Bibliography
7 Design of Materials
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Design Philosophy
7.3 Natural Materials
7.3.1 Stones
7.3.2 Timber
7.4 Metals and Alloys
7.5 Polymers
7.5.1 Changing the Processing Parameter
7.5.2 Addition of Other Chemicals
7.6 Composites
7.6.1 Mortar
7.6.2 Concrete
7.7 Annexure
References
Index
