Solvent-Free Methods in NanocatalysisDiscover solvent-free approaches for the synthesis of nanocatalysts as well as various catalytic transformations in this unique one-stop resource
Solvent-free methods have attracted wide attention in organic synthesis and catalysis as a promising approach towards “greener” and more sustainable chemical transformations. In this regard, nanocatalysis has seen particular growth in recent years.
Solvent-Free Methods in Nanocatalysis gives an in-depth overview of nanocatalysts and their catalytic applications using solvent-free methods. After a brief introduction, it covers various synthetic techniques for the preparation of nanocatalysts and supports using solvent-free methods, e.g. ball-milling, microwave- and plasma-assisted methods. The book discusses in detail different catalyst classes, such as metal oxides, doped and functionalized nanocarbons, as well as nitride- and silica-based materials to help researchers to understand the efficiency and nature of these catalysts/supports based on their chemical structure. In the book readers will also find:
- A brief account of the history, challenges, and recent advances in the field
- Detailed discussion of advantages and disadvantages of solvent-free techniques for nanocatalyst preparation
- Treatment of important solvent- and catalyst-free organic transformations (i.e. oxidation, coupling and multicomponent reactions)
- A chapter on supported ionic liquids for solvent-free catalysis
Written by leading researchers in the field, Solvent-Free Methods in Nanocatalysis is a useful reference for researchers and students working in organic synthesis, catalysis, and nanomaterials science.
Author(s): Rafael Luque, Manoj B. Gawande, Esmail Doustkhah, Anandarup Goswami
Publisher: Wiley-VCH
Year: 2023
Language: English
Pages: 350
City: Weinheim
Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Contents
Preface
Chapter 1 Introduction: Scope of the Book
1.1 Introduction: Green Chemistry, Solvent‐free Synthesis, and Nanocatalysts
1.2 Topics Covered in this Book
1.3 Solvent‐Free Synthesis of Nanocatalysts
1.4 Solvent and Catalyst‐Free Organic Transformations
1.5 Solvent‐Free Reactions Using NCs
1.5.1 Different Metal Oxides as a Catalyst/Support in Solvent‐Free Reaction
1.5.1.1 Titanium Oxide
1.5.1.2 Tin Oxide
1.5.1.3 Manganese Oxide (MnOx)
1.5.1.4 Zinc Oxide
1.5.1.5 Aluminum Oxide
1.5.1.6 Iron Oxide
1.5.2 Silica‐Based Materials as Catalysts/Supports in Solvent‐Free Organic Reactions
1.5.3 Carbon‐Based Materials as Catalysts/Supports in Solvent‐Free Organic Reactions
1.5.4 Nitride‐Based Materials as Catalysts/Supports in Solvent‐Free Organic Reactions
1.5.5 Ionic Liquid‐Based Materials as Catalysts/Supports in Solvent‐Free Organic Reactions
1.6 Present Status and Future Direction
References
Chapter 2 Strategies for the Preparation of Nanocatalysts and Supports Under Solvent‐Free Conditions
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Mechanochemistry
2.2.1 Ball Milling
2.2.2 Mortar and Pestle
2.3 Thermal Treatment
2.3.1 Simple Thermal Treatment
2.3.2 Thermal Decomposition
2.3.3 Microwave Heating Energy
2.4 Plasma‐Assisted Methods
2.4.1 Thermal Plasma Method
2.4.2 Cold Thermal Plasma Method
2.5 Deposition Method
2.5.1 Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) Method
2.5.2 Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) Method
2.6 Conclusion and Future Perspective
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 3 Solvent‐ and Catalyst‐Free Organic Transformation
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Solvent‐ and Catalyst‐Free Organic Transformations
3.2.1 Mechanochemistry
3.2.2 Microwave Irradiation
3.2.3 Classical Heating
3.2.4 Ultrasound Irradiation
3.3 Conclusion
References
Chapter 4 Metal Oxides as Catalysts/Supports in Solvent‐Free Organic Reactions
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Different Metal Oxides as a Catalyst/Support in Solvent‐Free Reactions
4.2.1 Titanium Dioxide‐Based Catalysts
4.2.2 Tin Oxide‐Based Catalysts
4.2.3 Manganese Oxide‐Based Catalysts
4.2.4 Zinc Oxide‐Based Catalysts
4.2.5 Aluminum Oxide‐Based Catalysts
4.2.6 Iron Oxide‐Based Catalysts
4.2.6.1 Fe3O4‐Based Catalyst/Support
4.2.6.2 Fe2O3‐Based Catalyst/Support
4.3 Conclusion
References
Chapter 5 Silica‐Based Materials as Catalysts or Supports in Solvent‐Free Organic Reactions
5.1 Solvent‐Free Reactions Over Silica Gel
5.2 Silica Nanoparticles and its Applications
5.3 Zeolites and Hierarchical Zeolite Structures
5.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 6 Carbon‐Based Materials as Catalysts/Supports in Solvent‐Free Organic Reactions
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Solvent‐Free Catalysis Using Carbon‐Based Materials
6.2.1 Activated Carbons (ACs)
6.2.1.1 Acetylation Reactions
6.2.1.2 Oxidation of Cyclohexane
6.2.2 Carbon‐Based Solid Acid (CBSA) Catalysts
6.2.2.1 Cross‐Aldol Condensation of Ketones with Aromatic Aldehydes
6.2.2.2 Substituted Imidazoles
6.2.2.3 Amidoalkyl Naphthols
6.2.2.4 Reductive Amination of Aldehydes and Ketones
6.2.2.5 Xanthenes and Dibenzoxanthenes
6.2.2.6 Dihydropyrimidinone Compounds (Biginelli Reaction)
6.2.2.7 Acylation, Acetalization, Thioacetalization of Aldehydes
6.2.3 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)
6.2.3.1 Esterification of Alcohols
6.2.3.2 Benzyl Alcohol Oxidation
6.2.3.3 Phenol Derivatives Antioxidants
6.2.3.4 Acrylonitrile Derivatives
6.2.4 Graphene Oxide (GO)
6.2.4.1 Alkylaminophenols Derivatives
6.2.4.2 N‐Arylation Reactions
6.2.4.3 Oxidation of Benzylic Alcohols
6.2.4.4 Aldol and Konevenagel Condensation Reaction
6.2.4.5 Oxidation of Cyclohexene
6.2.4.6 Oxidation of Hydrazide and Pyrazole Derivatives
6.2.5 Porous Carbon Materials
6.2.5.1 Oxidation of Alcohol and Hydrocarbons
6.2.5.2 Coupling of Amines
6.3 Summary and Future Perspectives
References
Chapter 7 Nitride‐Based Nanostructures for Solvent‐Free Catalysis
7.1 Carbon Nitride
7.1.1 Introduction
7.1.2 Synthesis of Carbon Nitride
7.1.3 Modification of Carbon Nitrides
7.1.4 Solvent‐Free Catalysis with Carbon Nitrides
7.2 Boron Nitride
7.2.1 Introduction
7.2.2 Synthesis and Modification of Boron Nitride
7.3 Molybdenum Nitride
7.3.1 Introduction
7.3.2 Synthesis of Molybdenum Nitride
7.3.3 Solvent‐Free Catalytic Application of Molybdenum Nitride
7.4 Aluminum Nitride
7.4.1 Introduction
7.4.2 Synthesis of Aluminum Nitride
7.4.2.1 Solvent‐Free Synthesis
7.4.3 Solvent‐Free Application of Aluminum Nitride
7.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 8 Supported Ionic Liquids for Solvent‐Free Catalysis
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Supported Ionic Liquids
8.3 Building Blocks of SILs
8.3.1 Ionic Segment
8.3.2 Solid‐Support Segment
8.3.2.1 Silica Gels
8.3.2.2 Ordered Mesoporous Silicas
8.3.2.3 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)
8.3.2.4 Silica‐Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles (SMNPs)
8.4 SIL Catalytic Systems
8.5 Supported IL Solvent‐Free Catalysis
8.6 Solvent‐Free Hydrogenation of Olefins
8.7 Solvent‐Free Heck Reaction
8.8 Solvent‐Free Multicomponent Reactions
8.8.1 Synthesis of Pyran‐Based Heterocycles
8.8.2 Synthesis of 1,4‐Dihydropyridine (Hantzsch Reaction)
8.8.3 Synthesis of 3,4‐Dihydropyrimidine‐2(1H)‐One/Thiones (Biginelli Reaction)
8.8.4 Synthesis of 1‐Amidoalkyl Naphthol
8.8.5 Miscellaneous Solvent‐Free Multicomponent Reactions
8.9 Solvent‐Free Condensation Reactions
8.9.1 Solvent‐Free Friedländer Condensation
8.9.2 Solvent‐Free Knoevenagel Condensation
8.9.3 Esterification
8.10 Solvent‐Free CO2 Conversion Reactions
8.11 Solvent‐Free Oxidation Reactions
8.12 Miscellaneous Solvent‐Free Organic Reactions
8.13 Conclusion
References
Chapter 9 Present Status and Future Outlook
9.1 Summary
9.2 Future Outlook
Acknowledgments
References
Index
EULA
