Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: From Fundamental Principles to Complete Systems is a valuable resource for beginners, experienced researchers, and developers of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). It provides a fundamental understanding of SOFCs by covering the present state-of-the-art as well as ongoing research and future challenges to be solved. It discusses current and future materials, and provides an overview of development activities with a more general system approach toward fuel cell plant technology, including plant design and economics, industrial data, and advances in technology.
Provides an understanding of the operating principles of SOFCs
Discusses state-of-the-art materials, technologies, and processes
Includes a review of the current industry and lessons learned
Offers a more general system approach toward fuel cell plant technology, including plant design and economics of SOFC manufacture
Covers significant technical challenges that remain to be solved
Presents the status of government activities, industry, and market
This book is aimed at electrochemists, batteries and fuel cell engineers, alternative energy scientists, and professionals in materials science.
Author(s): Radenka Maric, Gholamreza Mirshekari
Series: Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion
Publisher: CRC Press
Year: 2020
Language: English
Pages: 256
City: Boca Raton
Cover
Half Title
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
Authors
Chapter 1 Fundamental Aspects of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
1.1 Background and Principles of SOFCs
1.2 Design and Operation of SOFCs
1.3 Kinetics of Electrochemical Reactions and Thermodynamics of SOFCs
1.3.1 Activation Loss
1.3.2 Ohmic Loss
1.3.3 Concentration Loss
1.3.4 Thermodynamics of Ideal Reversible SOFC
1.4 Heat Transfer in SOFC
1.5 Mass Transfer in SOFC
References
Chapter 2 Materials: Electrolytes, Anodes, Cathodes, Interconnects, and Sealants
2.1 Overview of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) Materials
2.2 Electrolytes
2.2.1 Oxygen-Ion-Conducting Electrolytes
2.2.2 Proton-Conducting Electrolytes
2.2.3 Zirconia-Based Electrolytes
2.2.3.1 Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia
2.2.3.2 Scandia-Stabilized Zirconia
2.2.3.3 Other Dopants and Co-Dopants for Stabilized Zirconia
2.2.4 Ceria-Based Electrolytes
2.2.4.1 Gadolinia-Doped Ceria
2.2.4.2 Samaria-Doped Ceria
2.2.5 Bi[sub(2)]O[sub(3)]-Based Electrolytes
2.2.6 Perovskite-Structured Electrolytes
2.2.6.1 Perovskite-Structured Oxygen-Ion Conductors
2.2.6.2 Perovskite-Structured Proton Conductors
2.2.7 New Oxygen-Ion and Proton Conductors
2.2.7.1 Silicate- and Germanate-Based Apatites
2.2.7.2 La[sub(2)]Mo[sub(2)]O[sub(9)] (LAMOX)
2.2.7.3 Gallium-Based Oxides (Tetrahedrally Coordinated)
2.2.7.4 Niobates and Tantalates
2.3 Anodes
2.3.1 Ni-YSZ Cermet Anode
2.3.1.1 Influence of Materials Characteristics and Fabrication Conditions on Electronic Conductivity of Ni-YSZ Cermet Anode
2.3.1.2 Influence of Materials Characteristics and Fabrication Conditions on Electrochemical Performance of Ni-YSZ Cermet Anode
2.3.1.3 Degradation Mechanisms in Ni-YSZ Cermet Anode
2.3.2 Other Ni-Fluorite Cermet Anodes
2.3.3 Alternative Anode Materials
2.4 Cathodes
2.4.1 Manganite-Based Perovskite Cathodes
2.4.2 Ferrite-Based Perovskite Cathodes
2.4.3 Cobaltite-Based Perovskite Cathodes
2.4.4 Degradation Mechanisms of Conventional Lanthanum-Based Manganite, Ferrite, and Cobaltite Cathode Materials
2.4.4.1 Effect of CO[sub(2) on Cathode Performance
2 2.4.4.2 Effect of Humidity on Cathode Performance
2.4.4.3 Effect of Cr On Cathode Performance
2.4.4.4 Effect of Si On Cathode Performance
2.4.5 Double Perovskite Materials (AA'B[sub(2)]O[sub(5+δ])
2.4.6 Ruddlesden-Popper Series (A[sub(N+1)]B[sub(N)]O[sub(3N+1)])
2.4.7 Other Cathode Materials
2.5 Interconnects
2.5.1 Ceramic Interconnects
2.5.2 Metallic Interconnects
2.5.2.1 Cr-Based Alloys
2.5.2.2 Fe-Cr-Based Alloys
2.5.2.3 Ni-Cr-Based Alloys
2.5.3 Interconnect Protective Coatings
2.6 Sealants
2.6.1 Glass Sealants
2.6.2 Glass-Ceramic Sealants
2.6.3 Compressive Sealants
2.6.4 Ceramic- and Glass-Composite Sealants
References
Chapter 3 Processing
3.1 Different Cell Concepts
3.2 Methods of Processing Cell Components
3.2.1 Substrates
3.2.1.1 Extrusion
3.2.1.2 Tape Casting
3.2.2 Coating Methods
3.2.2.1 Screen Printing
3.2.2.2 Thin-Film Technologies
3.3 Sintering/Co-Firing
References
Chapter 4 Cell and Stack Configuration
4.1 General Requirements for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) Designs
4.2 Single-Cell Configuration
4.3 Design of SOFCs and Stacks
4.4 Planar Cell Design (Flat Plate Design)
4.5 Tubular Cell Design (Seal-Less)
4.6 Microtubular Cell Design
4.7 Integrated Planar (Segmented-Cell-In-Series) Design
4.8 Cone-Shaped Design
4.9 Flat-Tube Design
4.10 Honeycomb Design
References
Chapter 5 System Design and Optimization
5.1 Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) System Designs and Performance
5.1.1 Atmospheric SOFC-CHP Systems
5.1.2 Residential, Auxiliary Power, and Other Atmospheric SOFC Systems
5.1.3 Pressurized SOFC/Turbine Hybrid Systems
5.1.4 SOFC Tri-Generation Systems
5.2 Optimization Strategies for SOFC
5.2.1 Decision Variables
5.2.1.1 Microstructural Parameters
5.2.1.2 Single-Cell Parameters
5.2.1.3 Integrated System Parameters
5.2.2 Objective Functions
5.2.2.1 Thermodynamic Aspects
5.2.2.2 Economic Aspects
5.2.2.3 Environmental Aspects
5.2.3 Constraints
5.2.3.1 Safe Operation
5.2.3.2 Specicatfiion Ranges
References
Chapter 6 Fuel Cell Technology Commercialization
6.1 Potential Role of Fuel Cells in Green Energy Economy
6.2 Major Barriers for Fuel Cell Technology Commercialization
6.2.1 Economic Challenges
6.2.1.1 Hydrogen Economy
6.2.1.2 Fuel Cell Costs
6.2.2 Technical Challenges: Durability and Reliability
6.3 Future Strategies for Fuel Cell Technology Commercialization
6.4 Recent SOFC Technology Status in the US, Japan, China, and Europe
References
Chapter 7 Research, Demonstration, and Commercialization Activities in the US, Europe, and Asia
7.1 Regional Fuel Cell Market Analysis
7.1.1 North America
7.1.2 Europe
7.1.3 Asia
7.2 Current State of Technology Commercialization and Long-Term Perspective
References
Index
