Shigley's Mechanical Engineering Design in SI Units

Front Matter
Dedication
About the Authors
Brief Contents
Contents
Preface
List of Symbols
Part 1. Basics
Chapter 1. Introduction to Mechanical Engineering Design
1–1. Design
1–2. Mechanical Engineering Design
1–3. Phases and Interactions of the Design Process
1–4. Design Tools and Resources
1–5. The Design Engineer’s Professional Responsibilities
1–6. Standards and Codes
1–7. Economics
1–8. Safety and Product Liability
1–9. Stress and Strength
1–10. Uncertainty
1–11. Design Factor and Factor of Safety
1–12. Reliability and Probability of Failure
1–13. Relating Design Factor to Reliability
1–14. Dimensions and Tolerances
1–15. Units
1–16. Calculations and Significant Figures
1–17. Design Topic Interdependencies
1–18. Power Transmission Case Study Specifications
Problems
Chapter 2. Materials
2–1. Material Strength and Stiffness
2–2. The Statistical Significance of Material Properties
2–3. Plastic Deformation and Cold Work
2–4. Cyclic Stress-Strain Properties
2–5. Hardness
2–6. Impact Properties
2–7. Temperature Effects
2–8. Numbering Systems
2–9. Sand Casting
2–10. Shell Molding
2–11. Investment Casting
2–12. Powder-Metallurgy Process
2–13. Hot-Working Processes
2–14. Cold-Working Processes
2–15. The Heat Treatment of Steel
2–16. Alloy Steels
2–17. Corrosion-Resistant Steels
2–18. Casting Materials
2–19. Nonferrous Metals
2–20. Plastics
2–21. Composite Materials
2–22. Materials Selection
Problems
Chapter 3. Load and Stress Analysis
3–1. Equilibrium and Free-Body Diagrams
3–2. Shear Force and Bending Moments in Beams
3–3. Singularity Functions
3–4. Stress
3–5. Cartesian Stress Components
3–6. Mohr’s Circle for Plane Stress
3–7. General Three-Dimensional Stress
3–8. Elastic Strain
3–9. Uniformly Distributed Stresses
3–10. Normal Stresses for Beams in Bending
3–11. Shear Stresses for Beams in Bending
3–12. Torsion
3–13. Stress Concentration
3–14. Stresses in Pressurized Cylinders
3–15. Stresses in Rotating Rings
3–16. Press and Shrink Fits
3–17 .Temperature Effects
3–18. Curved Beams in Bending
3–19. Contact Stresses
3–20. Summary
Problems
Chapter 4. Deflection and Stiffness
4–1. Spring Rates
4–2. Tension, Compression, and Torsion
4–3. Deflection Due to Bending
4–4. Beam Deflection Methods
4–5. Beam Deflections by Superposition
4–6. Beam Deflections by Singularity Functions
4–7. Strain Energy
4–8. Castigliano’s Theorem
4–9. Deflection of Curved Members
4–10. Statically Indeterminate Problems
4–11. Compression Members—General
4–12. Long Columns with Central Loading
4–13. Intermediate-Length Columns with Central Loading
4–14. Columns with Eccentric Loading
4–15. Struts or Short Compression Members
4–16. Elastic Stability
4–17. Shock and Impact
Problems
Part 2. Failure Prevention
Chapter 5. Failures Resulting from Static Loading
5–1. Static Strength
5–2. Stress Concentration
5–3. Failure Theories
5–4. Maximum-Shear-Stress Theory for Ductile Materials
5–5. Distortion-Energy Theory for Ductile Materials
5–6. Coulomb-Mohr Theory for Ductile Materials
5–7. Failure of Ductile Materials Summary
5–8. Maximum-Normal-Stress Theory for Brittle Materials
5–9. Modifications of the Mohr Theory for Brittle Materials
5–10. Failure of Brittle Materials Summary
5–11. Selection of Failure Criteria
5–12. Introduction to Fracture Mechanics
5–13. Important Design Equations
Problems
Chapter 6. Fatigue Failure Resulting from Variable Loading
6–1. Introduction to Fatigue
6–2. Chapter Overview
6–3. Crack Nucleation and Propagation
6–4. Fatigue-Life Methods
6–5. The Linear-Elastic Fracture Mechanics Method
6–6. The Strain-Life Method
6–7. The Stress-Life Method and the S-N Diagram
6–8. The Idealized S-N Diagram for Steels
6–9. Endurance Limit Modifying Factors
6–10. Stress Concentration and Notch Sensitivity
6–11. Characterizing Fluctuating Stresses
6–12. The Fluctuating-Stress Diagram
6–13. Fatigue Failure Criteria
6–14. Constant-Life Curves
6–15. Fatigue Failure Criterion for Brittle Materials
6–16. Combinations of Loading Modes
6–17. Cumulative Fatigue Damage
6–18. Surface Fatigue Strength
6–19. Road Maps and Important Design Equations for the Stress-Life Method
Problems
Part 3. Design of Mechanical Elements
Chapter 7. Shafts and Shaft Components
7–1. Introduction
7–2. Shaft Materials
7–3. Shaft Layout
7–4. Shaft Design for Stress
7–5. Deflection Considerations
7–6. Critical Speeds for Shafts
7–7. Miscellaneous Shaft Components
7–8. Limits and Fits
Problems
Chapter 8. Screws, Fasteners, and the Design of Nonpermanent Joints
8–1. Thread Standards and Definitions
8–2. The Mechanics of Power Screws
8–3. Threaded Fasteners
8–4. Joints—Fastener Stiffness
8–5. Joints—Member Stiffness
8–6. Bolt Strength
8–7. Tension Joints—The External Load
8–8. Relating Bolt Torque to Bolt Tension
8–9. Statically Loaded Tension Joint with Preload
8–10. Gasketed Joints
8–11. Fatigue Loading of Tension Joints
8–12. Bolted and Riveted Joints Loaded in Shear
Problems
Chapter 9. Welding, Bonding, and the Design of Permanent Joints
9–1. Welding Symbols
9–2. Butt and Fillet Welds
9–3. Stresses in Welded Joints in Torsion
9–4. Stresses in Welded Joints in Bending
9–5. The Strength of Welded Joints
9–6. Static Loading
9–7. Fatigue Loading
9–8. Resistance Welding
9–9. Adhesive Bonding
Problems
Chapter 10. Mechanical Springs
10–1. Stresses in Helical Springs
10–2. The Curvature Effect
10–3. Deflection of Helical Springs
10–4. Compression Springs
10–5. Stability
10–6. Spring Materials
10–7. Helical Compression Spring Design for Static Service
10–8. Critical Frequency of Helical Springs
10–9. Fatigue Loading of Helical Compression Springs
10–10. Helical Compression Spring Designfor Fatigue Loading
10–11. Extension Springs
10–12. Helical Coil Torsion Springs
10–13. Belleville Springs
10–14. Miscellaneous Springs
10–15. Summary
Problems
Chapter 11. Rolling-Contact Bearings
11–1. Bearing Types
11–2. Bearing Life
11–3. Bearing Load Life at Rated Reliability
11–4. Reliability versus Life—The Weibull Distribution
11–5. Relating Load, Life, and Reliability
11–6. Combined Radial and Thrust Loading
11–7. Variable Loading
11–8. Selection of Ball and Cylindrical Roller Bearings
11–9. Selection of Tapered Roller Bearings
11–10. Design Assessment for Selected Rolling-Contact Bearings
11–11. Lubrication
11–12. Mounting and Enclosure
Problems
Chapter 12. Lubrication and Journal Bearings
12–1. Types of Lubrication
12–2. Viscosity
12–3. Petroff’s Equation
12–4. Stable Lubrication
12–5. Thick-Film Lubrication
12–6. Hydrodynamic Theory
12–7. Design Variables
12–8. The Relations of the Variables
12–9. Steady-State Conditions in Self-Contained Bearings
12–10. Clearance
12–11. Pressure-Fed Bearings
12–12. Loads and Materials
12–13. Bearing Types
12–14. Dynamically Loaded Journal Bearings
12–15. Boundary-Lubricated Bearings
Problems
Chapter 13. Gears-General
13–1. Types of Gears
13–2. Nomenclature
13–3. Conjugate Action
13–4. Involute Properties
13–5. Fundamentals
13–6. Contact Ratio
13–7. Interference
13–8. The Forming of Gear Teeth
13–9. Straight Bevel Gears
13–10. Parallel Helical Gears
13–11. Worm Gears
13–12. Tooth Systems
13–13. Gear Trains
13–14. Force Analysis—Spur Gearing
13–15. Force Analysis—Bevel Gearing
13–16. Force Analysis—Helical Gearing
13–17. Force Analysis—Worm Gearing
Problems
Chapter 14. Spur and Helical Gears
14–1. The Lewis Bending Equation
14–2. Surface Durability
14–3. AGMA Stress Equations
14–4. AGMA Strength Equations
14–5. Geometry Factors I and J (ZI and YJ)
14–6. The Elastic Coefficient Cp (ZE)
14–7. Dynamic Factor Kv
14–8. Overload Factor Ko
14–9. Surface Condition Factor Cf (ZR)
14–10. Size Factor Ks
14–11. Load-Distribution Factor Km (KH)
14–12. Hardness-Ratio Factor CH (ZW)
14–13. Stress-Cycle Factors YN and ZN
14–14. Reliability Factor KR (YZ)
14–15. Temperature Factor KT (Yθ)
14–16. Rim-Thickness Factor KB
14–17. Safety Factors SF and SH
14–18. Analysis
14–19. Design of a Gear Mesh
Problems
Chapter 15. Bevel and Worm Gears
15–1. Bevel Gearing—General
15–2. Bevel-Gear Stresses and Strengths
15–3. AGMA Equation Factors
15–4. Straight-Bevel Gear Analysis
15–5. Design of a Straight-Bevel Gear Mesh
15–6. Worm Gearing—AGMA Equation
15–7. Worm-Gear Analysis
15–8. Designing a Worm-Gear Mesh
15–9. Buckingham Wear Load
Problems
Chapter 16. Clutches, Brakes, Couplings, and Flywheels
16–1. Static Analysis of Clutches and Brakes
16–2. Internal Expanding Rim Clutches and Brakes
16–3. External Contracting Rim Clutches and Brakes
16–4. Band-Type Clutches and Brakes
16–5. Frictional-Contact Axial Clutches
16–6. Disk Brakes
16–7. Cone Clutches and Brakes
16–8. Energy Considerations
16–9. Temperature Rise
16–10. Friction Materials
16–11. Miscellaneous Clutches and Couplings
16–12. Flywheels
Problems
Chapter 17. Flexible Mechanical Elements
17–1. Belts
17–2. Flat- and Round-Belt Drives
17–3. V Belts
17–4. Timing Belts
17–5. Roller Chain
17–6. Wire Rope
17–7. Flexible Shafts
Problems
Chapter 18. Power Transmission Case Study
18–1. Design Sequence for Power Transmission
18–2. Power and Torque Requirements
18–3. Gear Specification
18–4. Shaft Layout
18–5. Force Analysis
18–6. Shaft Material Selection
18–7. Shaft Design for Stress
18–8. Shaft Design for Deflection
18–9. Bearing Selection
18–10. Key and Retaining Ring Selection
18–11. Final Analysis
Problems
Part 4. Special Topics
Chapter 19. Finite-Element Analysis
19–1. The Finite-Element Method
19–2. Element Geometries
19–3. The Finite-Element Solution Process
19–4. Mesh Generation
19–5. Load Application
19–6. Boundary Conditions
19–7. Modeling Techniques
19–8. Thermal Stresses
19–9. Critical Buckling Load
19–10. Vibration Analysis
19–11. Summary
Problems
Chapter 20. Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing
20–1. Dimensioning and Tolerancing Systems
20–2. Definition of Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing
20–3. Datums
20–4. Controlling Geometric Tolerances
20–5. Geometric Characteristic Definitions
20–6. Material Condition Modifiers
20–7. Practical Implementation
20–8. GD&T in CAD Models
20–9. Glossary of GD&T Terms
Problems
Appendix A. Useful Tables
Table A–1. Standard SI Prefixes
Table A–2. Conversion Factors A to Convert Input X to Output Y Using the Formula Y = AX*
Table A–3. Optional SI Units for Bending Stress
Table A–4. Optional SI Units for Bending Deflection
Table A–5. Physical Constants of Materials
Table A–6. Properties of Structural-Steel Equal Legs Angles
Table A–7. Properties of Structural-Steel Channels
Table A–8. Properties of Round Tubing
Table A–9. Shear, Moment, and Deflection of Beams
Table A–10. Cumulative Distribution Function of Normal (Gaussian) Distribution
Table A–11. A Selection of International Tolerance Grades—Metric Series
Table A–12. Fundamental Deviations for Shafts—Metric Series
Table A–13. A Selection of International Tolerance Grades—Inch Series
Table A–14. Fundamental Deviations for Shafts—Inch Series
Table A–15. Charts of Theoretical Stress-Concentration Factors
Table A–16. Approximate Stress-Concentration Factor Kt ofa Round Bar or Tube with a Transverse Round Hole andLoaded in Bending
Table A–17. Preferred Sizes and Renard (R-Series) Numbers
Table A–18. Geometric Properties
Table A–19. American Standard Pipe
Table A–20. Deterministic ASTM Minimum Tensile and Yield Strengths for Some Hot-Rolled (HR) andCold-Drawn (CD) Steels
Table A–21. Mean Mechanical Properties of Some Heat-Treated Steels
Table A–22. Results of Tensile Tests of Some Metals
Table A–23. Mean Monotonic and Cyclic Stress-Strain Properties of Selected Steels
Table A–24. Mechanical Properties of Three Non-Steel Metals
Table A–25. Stochastic Yield and Ultimate Strengths for Selected Materials
Table A–26. Stochastic Parameters for Finite Life Fatigue Tests in Selected Metals
Table A–27. Finite Life Fatigue Strengths of Selected Plain Carbon Steels
Table A–28. Decimal Equivalents of Wire and Sheet-Metal Gauges
Table A–29. Dimensions of Square and Hexagonal Bolts
Table A–30. Dimensions of Hexagonal Cap Screws and Heavy Hexagonal Screws
Table A–31. Dimensions of Hexagonal Nuts
Table A–32. Basic Dimensions of American Standard Plain Washers
Table A–33. Dimensions of Metric Plain Washers (
Table A–34. Gamma Function
Appendix B. Answers to Selected Problems
B–1. Chapter 1
B–2. Chapter 2
B–3. Chapter 3
B–4. Chapter 4
B–5. Chapter 5
B–6. Chapter 6
B–7. Chapter 7
B–8. Chapter 8
B–9. Chapter 9
B–10. Chapter 10
B–11. Chapter 11
B–12. Chapter 12
B–13. Chapter 13
B–14. Chapter 14
B–15. Chapter 15
B–16. Chapter 16
B–17. Chapter 17
B–20. Chapter 20
Index