This book provides a thorough overview of all techniques for producing self-healing construction materials. Construction materials (cement-based, bituminous, metals, and alloys) are prone to cracking, which with the progress of time can lead to compromising of the structural integrity of critical infrastructure. Self-healing materials form a new class of materials that have inbuilt engineered properties to counteract damage and repair it before it becomes critical. The methods for monitoring, modeling, and assessing self-healing are also reviewed. The final section of the book discusses the future outlook and potential extension of self-healing concepts to other materials (e.g., heritage structures and soils).
Author(s): Antonios Kanellopoulos, Jose Norambuena-Contreras
Series: Engineering Materials and Processes
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2021
Language: English
Pages: 233
City: Cham
Preface
Contents
Fundamentals of Self-healing Construction Materials
1 Introduction
2 Historic Perspective
3 Intrinsic and Engineered Healing
4 Damage Prevention and Control
5 Design Considerations and Limitations
References
Self-Healing Cement-Based Materials: Mechanisms and Assessment
1 Introduction and Historic Perspective
2 Healing Mechanisms in Cement-Based Materials
2.1 Autogenous Healing (Intrinsic)
2.2 Autogenous Healing (Stimulated)
2.3 Engineered Healing
3 Assessment of Healing
3.1 Assessment of Mechanical Properties
3.2 Assessment of Durability Recovery
3.3 Visual Assessment (Meso-/Micro- and Indirect)
3.4 Microstructural Assessment
3.5 In Situ Assessment of Healing on Large Scale
References
Self-Healing in Metal-Based Systems
1 Introduction
2 Macroscopic Systems
2.1 Liquid-Based Systems
2.2 Shape Memory Alloys (SMA)
2.3 Electro-Healing
3 Solid-State Healing of Nano- and Microscale Damage
3.1 Diffusion in Metals
3.2 Healing by Self-Diffusion of the Matrix
3.3 Healing by Dynamic Precipitation at Room T
3.4 Self-Healing During Creep
3.5 Self-Healing of Radiation Damage
3.6 Modelling
3.7 Summary and Perspectives for Solid-State Healing Systems
4 Conclusions
References
Advances in Self-healing Bituminous Materials: From Concept to Large-Scale Application
1 Introduction
2 Induction Healing of Bituminous Materials with Fibres
2.1 Preparation of Asphalt Mixture Containing Steel Fibres
2.2 Heating Properties of Asphalt Mixture by Induction Heating
2.3 Strength Recovery of Asphalt Mixture by Induction Heating
2.4 Fatigue Life Extension of Asphalt Mixture by Induction Healing
2.5 Large-Scale Application of Induction Heating on Roads
3 Induction Healing of Asphalt Modified with Nanoparticles
3.1 Effect of Nano-Modification on Asphalt Healing
3.2 Advances on Nano-Modificated Asphalt Healing
4 Microwave Healing of Bituminous Materials
4.1 Microwave Heating Principle
4.2 Healing Mechanism
4.3 Measurement of Healing
4.4 Metallic Additives for Microwave Heating in Asphalt Mixtures
4.5 Effect of Healing Cycles on the Asphalt Crack-Healing
5 Self-healing of Asphalt Mixture by Encapsulated Rejuvenators
5.1 Design Variables of Capsules for Asphalt Self-healing
5.2 Overview of the Existing Capsule Types for Asphalt Self-healing
5.3 Characterization of the Asphalt Self-healing Promoted by Encapsulated Rejuvenators
5.4 Usability and Performance of Road Surface Materials that Contain Capsules
5.5 Design of the Mechanical Properties of Capsules
6 Large-Scale Application of the Induction Healing in Asphalt Roads: The Study Case of the HEALROAD Project
6.1 Test Section Construction and Large-Scale Research Program
6.2 Results of the HEALROAD Large-Scale Demonstrator
7 Summary and Outlook
References
Multiscale Measurements of the Self-Healing Capability on Bituminous Materials
1 Introduction
2 Micro-scale Self-Healing Measurements
3 Meso-scale Self-Healing Measurements
4 Macro-scale Self-Healing Measurements
4.1 Fatigue-Based Self-Healing Tests
4.2 Fracture-Based Self-Healing Tests
4.3 Field-Based Self-Healing Tests
4.4 Self-Healing Index of Bituminous Materials
5 Summary and Outlook
References
Numerical Simulation of Self-Healing Cementitious Materials
1 Introduction
2 Simulation of Mechanical Processes
2.1 Continuum Damage-Healing Mechanics
2.2 Discrete Crack Mechanics
2.3 Micro/Mesoscale Mechanics
2.4 Specific Aspects
3 Simulation of Transport Processes
3.1 Matrix Transport
3.2 Discrete Crack Transport
3.3 Microscale/Mesoscale Transport
3.4 Optimisation of Embedded Vascular Networks
4 Coupled Models for the Simulation of SHCMs
5 Discussion
6 Concluding Remarks
References
Modeling of Self-healing Process in Bituminous Materials: Experimental and Numerical Models
1 Introduction
2 Physical–Chemical-Based Experimental Model
2.1 Inter-molecular Diffusion Self-healing Model
2.2 Surface Energy Self-healing Model
2.3 Capillary Flow Self-healing Model
2.4 Three Factors Coordination Self-healing Viewpoint
3 Physical–Chemical-Based Numerical Model
3.1 Phase-Field Self-healing Model
3.2 Molecular Dynamics Self-healing Methods
4 Mechanical-Based Self-healing Model
5 Summary and Outlook
References
Self-adaptive Construction Materials: Future Directions
1 Introduction
2 Cement-Based Self-healing Materials
2.1 Standardisation and Repeatability
2.2 Healing Under Varying Conditions/Large-Scale Applications
3 Self-healing Bituminous Materials by Encapsulated Agents
3.1 More Sustainable Encapsulated Materials for Asphalt Healing
3.2 Future Research on Asphalt Healing by Encapsulated Agents
4 Biological Self-healing for Geological Construction Materials and Masonry Structures
4.1 Biological Self-healing for Existing Masonry and Historic Buildings
4.2 Bacteria Types, Activity and Application
4.3 Pilot Tests and Future Use
5 Application of Self-healing Approaches to Granular Materials
References
