This book provides a state-of-the art review of this field and demonstrates the basic applications of robotic surgery in the field of neurosurgery, exposing its basic principles, practical technical nuances, and advantages and limitations related to the technology. It also provides a concise yet comprehensive summary of the current status of the field that will help guide patient management and stimulate investigative efforts. All chapters are written by experts in their fields and include the most up to date scientific and clinical information.
Robotics in Neurosurgery: Principles and Practice will serve as a valuable resource for clinicians, surgeons, engineers and researchers dealing with, and interested in, this challenging and promising field in robotics applied to neurosurgery.
Author(s): Jorge Alvaro González Martínez, Francesco Cardinale
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 311
City: Cham
Foreword
Introduction
Contents
Contributors
Part I: General Principles
Chapter 1: Robotics in Neurosurgery: Overture
Introduction
Clinical Applications
SEEG
Radio-Frequency Thermocoagulation and Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy
Deep Brain Stimulation
Biopsy
Neuroendoscopy
Spine Surgery
Other Procedures
Final Remarks
References
Chapter 2: Historical Perspectives
History of Robotic Surgery
Surgical Applications
Orthopedics
Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery
From Cardiac Surgery to General Surgery/Urology/Gynecology
Cardio-Thoracic
The Future of Robotic Surgery
Miniaturization
Vision
Autonomy
Conclusion
References
Chapter 3: General Principles of Robotics
Introduction to Medical Robotics
Robots at a Glance
Standards for Medical Robots
Robotic Autonomy
Fields of Application of Robotics in Health-Care
Robot-Assisted Surgery
Fundamentals of Robotics
Basic Concepts
Robot Kinematics
Architecture
Control and Interfacing
Haptics
Robots in the Operating Room
Passive and Active Robots
Tele-surgical Systems
Shared-Control Systems
Supervisory Controlled Systems
Stereotactic Workflow
Conclusions
References
Chapter 4: Image Guidance for Intracranial Surgery with Supervisory-Control Robots
Introduction
Strategical Planning
Principles and Terminology of Trajectory Planning
Multimodal Image-Guided Trajectory Planning
Coordinate Systems
Medical Images and 3D Localization of Anatomical Structures
3D Visualization
Registrations
Image-to-Image Registration
Image-to-Patient Registration
Intra- and Postoperative Verification of Probe Positioning
Application Accuracy
Future Perspectives
Conclusion
References
Part II: Robot Assisted Neurosurgery: Clinical Applications
Chapter 5: Robotics in Functional Neurosurgery
Background of Robotic Surgery
Techniques for Performing Robotic Surgery and Robot Types
Planning and Registration
Operation
Complication Profile of Robotic Surgery and Literature Review
Pointers for Complication Avoidance or Workflow Improvement
References
Chapter 6: Robotics in Epilepsy Surgery
Introduction
Robotic SEEG
SEEG Planning
The Surgical Implantation
Results of SEEG Robotic Implantations
Robotic Ablative Procedures
Robotic Placement of Responsive Neurostimulation Electrodes
Conclusions
References
Chapter 7: Robotic SEEG-Guided Radiofrequency Thermal Ablation
History and Principles of SEEG-Guided Radiofrequency Thermocoagulation
Modus Operandi
Indications and Results: Review
Indications
Selection of Targets for RF-TC
Safety Profile of RF-TC
Seizure Outcome
Refinements Provided by Robotic SEEG Implantation
Conclusions, Perspectives
References
Chapter 8: Robotics in Laser Ablation Procedures
Introduction
Neuro-Oncological Applications
Epilepsy Applications
References
Chapter 9: Nuances of Robotics Applied in Children
Introduction
General Considerations
Head Immobilisation
Image Registration
Safety in Moving the Patient
Procedure-Specific Considerations
Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG)
Biopsies
MRI-Guided Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy (LiTT) for Epilepsy
Deep Brain Stimulation or Lesioning
Endoscopic Procedures
Convection-Enhanced Drug Delivery
Spinal Surgery
Endovascular Neurosurgery
Foetal Neurosurgery
Concluding Remarks
References
Chapter 10: Robot-Assisted Endoscopy
Introduction
Methods
Preoperative Planning
Intraoperative Phase
Procedures
Management of CSF Circulation Disorders
Disconnection of Hypothalamic Hamartomas
Management of Intraventricular Tumors
Conclusions
References
Chapter 11: Robot-Assisted Stereotactic Biopsy
Introduction
Past Neurosurgical Procedure Before 3D Intraoperative Imaging
Current Neurosurgical Procedure Using 3D Intraoperative Imaging
Literature Review of Robot-Assisted Stereotactic Biopsy
The Sainte-Anne Experience of Robot-Assisted Stereotactic Biopsy
The Complications of Robot-Assisted Stereotactic Biopsies
Classical Pitfalls in Robot-Assisted Stereotactic Biopsies
Perspectives
References
Chapter 12: Robot-Assisted Drug Delivery to the Brain
A Brief History of Drug Delivery to the Brain
Intraventricular Infusion
Intraparenchymal Drug Injection
The Challenges of CED
Minimisation of Tissue Trauma
Achieving Drug Distribution Through Clinically Relevant Brain Volumes
Robot-Assisted CED—Application in Parkinson’s Disease and Neuro-Oncology
A Randomised Trial of Intermittent Intraputamenal Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Parkinson’s Disease
Future Applications of Robot-Assisted Drug Delivery to the Brain
Local Drug Delivery for Drug-Resistant Epilepsies
Main Directions of Research
Promising Studies
Benefits and Drawbacks of Robotics in Drug Delivery to the Brain
References
Chapter 13: Robotics in Radiosurgery
Brief History of Radiosurgery
Introduction of Robotics in Radiosurgery
Incorporation of Advanced Robotics
Role of Robotic in LINAC Radiosurgery
CyberKnife Robotic Radiosurgery System
Summary
References
Chapter 14: Robotic Navigated Laser Craniotomy: Current Applications and Future Developments
Introduction
Methods and Materials
Planning and Robotic Laser Device
Procedure
Data Analysis
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
References
Chapter 15: Small Footprint Stereotactic Robotic Devices
Small Footprint Devices
Stealth Autoguide
Percutaneous Interventional Radiological Procedures
Preclinical Cranial Studies
Brain Biopsy
Stereoelectroencephalography
Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy
Experimental Indications
CIRQ
Conclusion
References
Chapter 16: Robotics in Spine Procedures
Introduction
Historical Foundation
General Overview
Computer-Assisted Navigation
Screw Placement Procedure
Current Commercial Systems
Mazor SpineAssist
Mazor Renaissance
Mazor X
Mazor X Stealth Edition
ROSA Spine
ROSA ONE Spine
Globus Medical Excelsius
Intuitive Surgical: da Vinci Surgical System®
Accuracy
Radiation Safety
Estimated Blood Loss
Learning Curve
Limitations of Current Technology
Conclusion
References
Part III: Rehabilitation and Assistive Robots
Chapter 17: Rehabilitation and Assistive Robotics: Shared Principles and Common Applications
Introduction
Robots for Rehabilitation
Robots for Assistance
Perspectives
References
Chapter 18: A Brief Summary of the Article: “An Exoskeleton Controlled by an Epidural Wireless Brain-Machine Interface in a Tetraplegic Patient: A Proof-of-Concept Demonstration”
Reference
Part IV: Special Topics
Chapter 19: Robotics in Neurosurgical Training
Introduction
Historical Perspective
Robotic Types
Dependent Systems
Autonomous Systems
Shared Control Systems
Utilization of Robotics in Neurosurgery
Benefits and Limitations of Robotics in Neurosurgery
Augmented Reality
Neurosurgical Training
Robot-Assisted Surgical Training
Advantages
Limitations
Prerequisites
Future Directions
References
Conclusions
References
Index
