Rehabilitation from COVID-19: An Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Protocol

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Foreword
Preface
About the Editors
Editorial Board of COVID-19 Rehabilitation Diagnosis and Treatment Guidance of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
Chapter 1 Clinical Basis of COVID-19
1.1 Etiology
1.2 Epidemiology
1.2.1 Source of Infection
1.2.2 Route of Transmission
1.2.2.1 Respiratory Droplet Transmission
1.2.2.2 Close Contact Transmission
1.2.2.3 Fecal–Oral Transmission
1.2.2.4 Aerosol Transmission
1.2.2.5 Mother-to-Child Transmission
1.2.3 Susceptible Groups
1.2.4 Mortality Rate
1.3 Pathogenesis
1.3.1 Excessive Inflammatory Response and Cytokine Storm
1.3.2 Oxidative Stress (Peroxidation Damage)
1.3.3 Hypoxemia
1.4 Pathology
1.4.1 Lungs
1.4.2 Spleen, Hilar Lymph Nodes, and Bone Marrow
1.4.3 Heart and Blood Vessels
1.4.4 Liver and Gallbladder
1.4.5 Kidney
1.4.6 Other Organs
1.5 Clinical Manifestations
1.5.1 Epidemiological Characteristic
1.5.2 Main Symptoms
1.5.3 Respiratory System Signs
1.5.4 Clinical Outcomes
1.6 Laboratory Examination and Imaging Examination
1.6.1 Routine Examination
1.6.2 Virological Testing
1.6.2.1 Virus Nucleic Acid Testing
1.6.2.2 Serological Test
1.6.3 Chest Imaging Examination
1.6.3.1 Chest X-ray
1.6.3.2 Chest CT Examination
Bibliography
Chapter 2 Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19
2.1 Clinical Diagnostic Criteria
2.1.1 Diagnostic Criteria
2.1.1.1 Suspected Cases
2.1.1.2 Confirmed Cases
2.1.2 Clinical Classification
2.1.2.1 Mild
2.1.2.2 Moderate
2.1.2.3 Severe Cases
2.1.2.4 Critically Severe
2.1.3 Warning Signals
2.1.3.1 Adults
2.1.3.2 Children
2.1.4 Auxiliary Examination
2.1.4.1 Laboratory Examination
2.1.4.2 Chest Imaging
2.1.5 Differential Diagnosis
2.1.5.1 Upper Respiratory Disease
2.1.5.2 Other Viral and Mycoplasma Pneumonia
2.1.5.3 Non-Infectious Disease
2.1.6 Reporting and Exclusion System
2.1.6.1 Reporting System
2.1.6.2 Exclusion Criteria
2.2 Clinical Treatment
2.2.1 Treatment Place Determination According to the Patient’s Condition
2.2.2 General Treatment
2.2.3 Treatment of Severe and Critically Severe Cases
2.2.3.1 Principles of Treatment
2.2.3.2 Respiratory Support
2.2.3.3 Circulation Support
2.2.3.4 Renal Failure and Renal Replacement Therapy
2.2.3.5 Recovered Patients’ Plasma Therapy
2.2.3.6 Blood Purification Treatment
2.2.3.7 Immunotherapy
2.2.3.8 Other Treatment Measures
2.2.3.9 Rehabilitation Treatment
2.2.3.10 Psychotherapy
2.2.4 Treatment and Prevention of Complications
2.2.4.1 Prevention of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
2.2.4.2 Prevention of Deep Vein Thrombosis
2.2.4.3 Prevention of Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection
2.2.4.4 Prevention of Stress Ulcers
2.2.4.5 Prevention of ICU-Related Complications
2.2.5 Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment
2.2.5.1 Medication Observation
2.2.5.2 Clinical Treatment (Confirmed Cases)
2.2.6 Criteria and Precautions after Being Discharged from the Hospital
2.2.6.1 Discharge Criteria
2.2.6.2 Precautions after Being Discharged from the Hospital
2.2.6.3 Re-Positive Nucleic Acid Conversion after Being Discharged from the Hospital
Bibliography
Chapter 3 Dysfunctions of COVID-19
3.1 Respiratory Dysfunction
3.1.1 Dyspnea
3.1.1.1 Definition of Dyspnea
3.1.1.2 Mechanisms That Cause Dyspnea
3.1.1.3 Pathophysiology of Dyspnea
3.1.2 Hypoxemia
3.1.2.1 Hypoventilation
3.1.2.2 Diffusion Impairment
3.1.2.3 Local Ventilation/Blood Flow Disorder
3.1.2.4 Increase of Dead Space
3.1.2.5 Decreased Oxygen-Carrying Capacity
3.1.3 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Respiratory Failure
3.2 Physical Dysfunction
3.2.1 Tachycardias
3.2.1.1 Cause of Tachycardia
3.2.1.2 Heart Rate and Oxygen Uptake
3.2.2 Decreased Exercise Ability and Tolerance
3.2.2.1 Fatigue
3.2.2.2 Immobilization Syndrome
3.3 Psychological and Social Dysfunction
3.3.1 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
3.3.1.1 Clinical Symptoms of PTSD
3.3.1.2 Prognosis and Influence of PTSD
3.3.2 Adjustment Disorder
3.3.3 Bereavement and Mourning Reaction
3.3.4 Sleep Disorder
3.3.5 Activities of Daily Living Dysfunction
3.3.6 Social Engagement Dysfunction
Bibliography
Chapter 4 Assessment for Rehabilitation of COVID-19
4.1 Assessment for Respiratory Function
4.1.1 Assessment of Respiratory Function
4.1.1.1 Subjective Symptoms
4.1.1.2 Objective Examination
4.1.2 Measurement of Respiratory Muscle Function
4.1.2.1 Measurement of Respiratory Muscle Strength
4.1.2.2 Measurement of Respiratory Muscle Endurance
4.1.2.3 Measurement of Respiratory Muscle Fatigue
4.1.3 Small Airway Function Examination
4.1.4 Common Assessment of Respiratory Function
4.1.4.1 Dyspnea Scale
4.1.4.2 Body-Weight Assessment of Cardiopulmonary Function
4.1.4.3 Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test (CPET)
4.2 Assessment of Physical Function
4.2.1 Body-Weight Assessment of Muscle Strength
4.2.1.1 30-Second Chair Standing Test
4.2.1.2 30-Second Arm Curl Test
4.2.2 Assessment of Flexibility
4.2.2.1 Sit-and-Reach Test
4.2.2.2 Improved Twist Test
4.2.2.3 Back-Scratch Test
4.2.3 Assessment of Balance
4.2.3.1 One-Leg Standing Balance Test
4.2.3.2 Functional Reach Test
4.2.3.3 Timed Up and Go Test
4.2.4 Assessment of Pain
4.2.4.1 Single-Dimensional Assessment
4.2.4.2 Multi-Dimensional Assessment
4.3 Assessment for Psychosocial Function
4.3.1 Assessment of Psychological Function
4.3.1.1 Evaluation of Mental and Psychological State
4.3.1.2 Commonly Used Psychological Assessment Scales
4.3.2 Assessment of ADL
4.3.3 Health-Related Quality of Life (HQRL) Scale
4.3.4 World Health Organization Quality of Life–BREF (WHOQOL-BREF)
Bibliography
Chapter 5 Modern Rehabilitation Techniques for COVID-19
5.1 Respiratory Rehabilitation Therapy Techniques
5.1.1 Intervention Activities in the Early Stage
5.1.1.1 Respiratory Control Techniques
5.1.1.2 Energy-Saving Techniques
5.1.2 Posture Management
5.1.2.1 For Patients with ARDS
5.1.2.2 For Patients with Sedation or Consciousness Disorders
5.1.3 ACT
5.1.3.1 Effective Cough
5.1.3.2 ACBTs
5.1.3.3 OPEP
5.1.3.4 High-Frequency Chest Wall Oscillation (HFCWO)
5.1.3.5 Postural Drainage Techniques
5.1.3.6 Other Chest Physical Therapy Techniques
5.1.4 Breathing Training
5.1.4.1 Respiratory Pattern Training
5.1.4.2 Relaxation Training
5.1.4.3 Local Dilation Breathing Training
5.1.5 RMT
5.1.6 Breathing Exercises
5.1.7 Respiratory Intervention Techniques
5.1.7.1 Patient’s Position
5.1.7.2 Sputum Suction
5.1.7.3 Mechanical/Artificial Dilated Ventilation
5.1.7.4 Precautions in Manual Treatment
5.1.7.5 Precautions for HFCWO
5.1.7.6 Precautions for ACBTs
5.1.8 Principles of Techniques Implementation
5.2 Rehabilitation Treatment Techniques For Physical Function
5.2.1 Aerobic Exercise
5.2.2 Strength Training
5.2.2.1 Upper Limbs Strength Training
5.2.2.2 Core Strength Training
5.2.2.3 Lower Limbs Strength Training
5.2.3 Balance Training
5.2.3.1 For Patients Who Can’t Stand
5.2.3.2 For Patients Who Can Barely Get Up
5.2.3.3 For Patients Who Can Stand on a Flat Surface for a Certain Time
5.2.4 Flexibility Training
5.2.5 Precautions
5.2.5.1 Pain
5.2.5.2 Fatigue
5.2.5.3 Panting
5.2.5.4 Difficulty in Breathing
5.3 Treatment Techniques of Psychosocial Functional Rehabilitation
5.3.1 Activities of Daily Living Training
5.3.1.1 Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADL) Training
5.3.1.2 Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL)
5.3.2 Therapeutic Activities
5.3.2.1 Psychological Therapy
5.3.2.2 Occupational Therapy
5.3.2.3 Social Therapy
5.3.3 Main Techniques and Methods for Psychological Rehabilitation of COVID-19 Patients
5.3.3.1 Supportive Therapy
5.3.3.2 Cognitive Therapy
5.3.4 Behavior Therapy
Bibliography
Chapter 6 Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation Treatment Techniques for COVID-19
6.1 Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine
6.1.1 Principles of Treatment
6.1.2 Treatment Mechanisms
6.1.3 Stages and Clinical Manifestations
6.1.3.1 Medical Observation Stage
6.1.3.2 Clinical Treatment Stage
6.2 External Treatment Techniques of TCM
6.2.1 Acupuncture Therapy
6.2.1.1 Principles of Treatment
6.2.1.2 Treatment Mechanisms
6.2.1.3 Choice of Acupoints
6.2.1.4 Location of Points
6.2.1.5 Operation Method
6.2.1.6 Contraindication to Acupuncture
6.2.2 Moxibustion Therapy
6.2.2.1 Principles of Treatment
6.2.2.2 Treatment Mechanism
6.2.2.3 Selection of Acupoints
6.2.2.4 Operation Method
6.2.2.5 Precautions
6.2.2.6 Contraindication of Moxibustion
6.2.3 Acupoint (Meridian) Massage Therapy
6.2.3.1 Principles of Treatment
6.2.3.2 Treatment Mechanism
6.2.3.3 Selection of Points
6.2.3.4 Location of Acupoints
6.2.3.5 Operation Method
6.2.3.6 Operation Precautions
6.2.3.7 Contraindications
6.2.4 Acupoint Application Therapy
6.2.4.1 Treatment Mechanism
6.2.4.2 Operation Method
6.2.5 Auricular Acupoint Pressing Therapy
6.2.5.1 Treatment Mechanism
6.2.5.2 Auricular Point Selection
6.2.5.3 Auricular Point Positioning
6.2.5.4 Operation Method
6.2.5.5 Contraindications
6.2.6 Cupping Therapy
6.2.6.1 Treatment Mechanism
6.2.6.2 Location Selection
6.2.6.3 Location
6.2.6.4 Operation Methods
6.2.6.5 Contraindications
6.2.7 Scraping Therapy
6.2.7.1 Treatment Mechanism
6.2.7.2 Location Selection
6.2.7.3 Positioning
6.2.7.4 Operation Method
6.2.7.5 Contraindications
6.2.8 Bloodletting Therapy
6.2.8.1 Treatment Mechanism
6.2.8.2 Selection of Acupoints
6.2.8.3 Location of Acupoints
6.2.8.4 Operation Method
6.2.8.5 Contraindications
6.3 Techniques of TCM and Guided Therapy
6.3.1 Baduanjin
6.3.2 Tai Chi Chuan
6.3.3 Five-Animal Exercise
6.3.4 Yi Jin Jing
6.3.5 Liu Zi Jue
6.4 Other Therapies
6.4.1 Emotion Therapy of TCM
6.4.1.1 Ancient Chinese Medicine Emotion Therapy
6.4.1.2 Application of Emotion Therapy in Chinese Medicine
6.4.1.3 Precautions
6.4.2 Music Therapy
Bibliography
Chapter 7 Diagnosis and Treatment Model of the COVID-19 Rehabilitation Unit
7.1 Concept of the COVID-19 rehabilitation unit
7.2 Role and Significance of the COVID-19 Rehabilitation Unit
7.2.1 Role of the COVID-19 Rehabilitation Unit (CRN)
7.2.2 Significance of Constructing the COVID-19 Rehabilitation Unit
7.2.2.1 Producing Effective Clinical Results
7.2.2.2 Improving the Satisfaction of Patients and Their Families
7.2.2.3 Conducive to Clinical Research on the Rehabilitation of COVID-19
7.3 Construction of the COVID‑19 Rehabilitation Unit
7.3.1 Types of COVID-19 Rehabilitation Units
7.3.1.1 CRNs in the Ultra-Early Period
7.3.1.2 CRNs in the Early Period
7.3.1.3 CRNs in the Convalescent Period
7.3.2 Conditions for the Establishment of the COVID-19 Rehabilitation Unit
7.3.2.1 Equipment Conditions for Isolation Wards
7.3.2.2 Setting Up Rehabilitation and Treatment Areas
7.3.2.3 Membership of the CRN and Relevant Work
7.4 Diagnosis and Treatment Plan For the COVID-19 Rehabilitation Unit
7.4.1 Dysfunction
7.4.1.1 Respiratory Dysfunction
7.4.1.2 Physical Dysfunction
7.4.1.3 Psychological Dysfunction
7.4.1.4 Barriers to Social Participation
7.4.2 Work Principles
7.4.3 Work Requirements
7.4.4 Workflow
7.4.5 Diagnosis and Treatment Plan
7.4.5.1 Assess COVID-19 Patients in Detail
7.4.5.2 Hold a CRN Teamwork Group Meeting
7.4.5.3 Contents of Rehabilitation Nursing
7.4.5.4 Treatment Measures
7.4.5.5 Preventing Complications
7.4.5.6 Rehabilitation Therapy
7.4.5.7 TCM Rehabilitation Therapy
7.4.5.8 Extended Rehabilitation Therapy
7.5 Common COVID-19 Complications and Their Management
7.5.1 COVID-19 Associated Venous Thromboembolism
7.5.1.1 VTE Risk Factors and Risk Assessment
7.5.1.2 VTE Prevention Advice for Inpatients in the CRN Ward
7.5.1.3 COVID-19 Complicated with DVT
7.5.2 Pressure Ulcers
7.5.2.1 Stages of Pressure Ulcers
7.5.2.2 Treatment of Pressure Ulcers
7.5.3 Urinary Tract Infections
7.5.4 Malnutrition
7.5.4.1 Nutritional Screening and Assessment for COVID-19 Patients
7.5.4.2 Selection of a Nutritional Treatment Plan
7.5.5 Disuse Muscle Weakness and Muscle Atrophy
7.5.6 Joint Contracture
7.5.7 Disuse Osteoporosis
Bibliography
Chapter 8 Management of COVID-19 Rehabilitation Nursing
8.1 Establishment and Management of the Ward
8.1.1 Establishment of the Rehabilitation Isolation Ward
8.1.1.1 Rational and Scientific Layout
8.1.1.2 Establishment of Nursing Staff
8.1.2 Establishment of the Rehabilitation Isolation Ward
8.1.2.1 Management of Nursing Personnel
8.1.2.2 Disinfection and Isolation Management in the Ward
8.1.2.3 Protection Management of Medical Staff
8.2 Rehabilitation Nursing of Chinese and Western Medicine
8.2.1 Objective of Rehabilitation Nursing
8.2.2 Rehabilitation Nursing Assessment
8.2.2.1 Course of Onset and Treatment
8.2.2.2 Psychosocial Data
8.2.3 Rehabilitation Nursing Measures
8.2.3.1 Nursing Guidance and Training Techniques for Respiratory Function
8.2.3.2 Nursing Guidance and Training Techniques for Effective Coughing
8.2.3.3 Nursing Guidance and Training Techniques of Postural Drainage
8.2.3.4 Nursing Guidance and Training Techniques for Enhancing Muscle Strength and Endurance
8.2.3.5 Psychological Rehabilitation Nursing
8.2.4 TCM Nursing
8.2.4.1 Instructions for Taking TCM Decoctions
8.2.4.2 Appropriate TCM Nursing Techniques
8.2.4.3 Emotion Nursing
8.3 Discharge Guidance and Health Education
8.3.1 Attention to Diet
8.3.2 Adherence to Breathing Training and Activities
8.3.3 Disease Prevention
Bibliography
Chapter 9 Clinical Rehabilitation of COVID-19
9.1 Guiding Principles and Connotations of Rehabilitation Intervention
9.1.1 Guiding Principles of Rehabilitation
9.1.1.1 Adherence to the Whole-Course Psychological Intervention
9.1.1.2 Safe and Effective Improvement of Cardiopulmonary Function
9.1.1.3 Gradual and Steady Improvement of Physical Fitness
9.1.2 Connotations of Rehabilitation Intervention
9.1.2.1 Improvement/Enhancement of Cardiopulmonary Function
9.1.2.2 Enhancement of Activity/Physical Strength
9.1.2.3 Positive Health Education, Rehabilitation Guidance, and Psychological Treatment
9.2 Clinical Management of Rehabilitation Diagnosis and Treatment
9.2.1 Relevant Policies and Basis in Rehabilitation Diagnosis and Treatment
9.2.2 Process Management of Rehabilitation Diagnosis and Treatment
9.2.2.1 Working Principles
9.2.2.2 Safety Precautions
9.2.2.3 Overall Objective
9.2.2.4 Job Description
9.2.2.5 Diagnosis and Treatment Procedures
9.2.2.6 Precautions
9.2.2.7 Prerequisites for Intervention
9.2.2.8 Suspension and Withdrawal of Rehabilitation Treatment
9.3 Different Clinical Types and Stages of Rehabilitation Treatment
9.3.1 Rehabilitation for Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19
9.3.1.1 Rehabilitation Treatment for Mild Patients
9.3.1.2 Rehabilitation Treatment for Moderate Patients
9.3.1.3 Rehabilitation Treatment for Severe/Critically Severe Patients
9.3.2 Rehabilitation Treatment of COVID-19 Patients after Being Discharged from the Hospital
9.3.2.1 Rehabilitation Treatment for Mild/Moderate Discharged Patients
9.3.2.2 Rehabilitation Treatment for Discharged Patients with Severe/Critically Severe Disease
Bibliography
Chapter 10 Psychological Rehabilitation of COVID-19
10.1 Assessment of Psychological Disorders
10.1.1 Role and Purpose of Psychological Disorder Assessments
10.1.1.1 Role of Psychological Disorder Assessments
10.1.1.2 Purpose of Psychological Disorder Assessments
10.1.2 Appropriate Population for Assessment of Psychological Disorders and Their Psychological Characteristics
10.1.3 Psychological Assessment Methods
10.1.3.1 Interview
10.1.3.2 Observation
10.1.3.3 Work Analysis
10.1.3.4 Psychological Tests
10.1.3.5 Medical Tests
10.1.4 Psychological Assessment of COVID-19 Patients
10.1.4.1 Assessment of Emotions and Feelings
10.1.4.2 Assessment of Stress
10.1.4.3 Observation and Medical Testing
10.1.5 Prospects
10.2 Treatment of Psychological Disorders
10.2.1 Objectives of Psychological Rehabilitation
10.2.2 Objects of Psychological Rehabilitation
10.2.3 Principles of Psychological Rehabilitation Treatment
10.2.4 Psychological Rehabilitation Treatment Methods
10.2.4.1 Psychological Support Therapy
10.2.4.2 Focus Solution Mode
10.2.4.3 Music Therapy
10.2.4.4 Cognition Therapy
10.2.4.5 Behavior Modification Therapy
10.2.4.6 Relaxation Therapy
10.2.4.7 Group Psychotherapy
10.2.4.8 Family Psychotherapy
10.2.4.9 Biofeedback Therapy
10.2.4.10 Physical Factor Therapy
10.2.4.11 Exercise Training
10.2.4.12 Occupational Therapy
10.2.4.13 TCM Therapy
10.2.4.14 Traditional Exercise Therapy
10.2.4.15 Pharmacotherapy
10.2.4.16 Health Education
10.2.5 Determination of Psychological Rehabilitation Treatment Prescription
10.2.5.1 Confirmed COVID-19 Patients
10.2.5.2 Patients with Respiratory Distress, Extreme Restlessness, and Difficulty in Expression
10.2.5.3 Mild Patients for Home Isolation and Patients with Fever for Treatment
10.2.5.4 Suspected Patients
10.2.5.5 Medical Staff and Related Personnel
10.2.5.6 People Who Are in Close Contact with Patients (Family Members, Colleagues, Friends, etc.)
10.2.5.7 People Who Are Reluctant to Seek Medical Treatment in Public
10.2.5.8 Susceptible Groups and the General Public
10.2.6 Forms of Psychological Rehabilitation Counseling
Bibliography
Chapter 11 Assessment and Treatment for Malnutrition of COVID-19 Patients
11.1 Overview
11.2 Assessment of Malnutrition
11.2.1 Nutrition Risk Screening
11.2.1.1 NRS-2002 Assessment Scale for Reduced Nutritional Status Score and Its Definition
11.2.1.2 NRS-2002 Assessment Scale for the Severity of Disease and Its Definition
11.2.1.3 Relationship between the NRS-2002 Assessment Scale Score Results and Nutrition Risk
11.2.1.4 NRS-2002 Score Significance for COVID-19 Patients
11.2.2 Commonly Used Nutritional Status Evaluation Indicators for Nutritional Assessment
11.2.2.1 Nutrition History
11.2.2.2 Anthropometry
11.2.2.3 Laboratory Investigations
11.3 Nutritional Support Therapy
11.3.1 Medical and Nutritional Treatment Recommendations for COVID-19 Patients
11.3.2 Nutritional Treatment Plan for COVID-19 Patients
11.3.2.1 Purpose of Nutritional Therapy
11.3.2.2 General Principles of Nutritional Therapy
11.3.2.3 Nutritional Treatment Approaches for COVID-19 Patients
11.3.2.4 Amount of Nutritional Feeding for COVID-19 Patients
11.3.2.5 Recommended Intake of Special Nutrients for Severe COVID-19 Patients
11.4 Dietary Guidance
11.4.1 Dietary Guidance for Different Populations of COVID-19
11.4.1.1 Nutritional Diet for Ordinary or Convalescent Patients
11.4.1.2 Nutritional Treatment for Patients with Severe Syndrome
11.4.1.3 Nutritional Dietary Guidance for Frontline Workers
11.4.1.4 Nutritional Dietary Guidance for Prevention and Control among the General Population
11.4.2 TCM Diet Guidance
11.4.2.1 First Prescription
11.4.2.2 Second Prescription
11.4.2.3 Third Prescription
Bibliography
Chapter 12 Community- and Home-Based Rehabilitation of COVID-19
12.1 Community-Based Rehabilitation
12.1.1 Dysfunction Requiring Rehabilitation Treatment
12.1.1.1 Dysfunction of Daily Living Ability and Social Participation
12.1.1.2 Respiratory Dysfunction
12.1.1.3 Physical Dysfunction
12.1.1.4 Psychological Dysfunction
12.1.2 Goals of Rehabilitation
12.1.3 Process of Rehabilitation
12.1.4 Implementation of Rehabilitation Treatment
12.1.5 Content of Rehabilitation
12.1.5.1 Rehabilitation Evaluation
12.1.5.2 Rehabilitation Treatment
12.1.5.3 Configuration and Use of Auxiliary Appliances
12.2 Home-Based Rehabilitation
12.2.1 Traditional Methods
12.2.1.1 Baduanjin
12.2.1.2 Simplified Tai Chi Chuan
12.2.1.3 Five-Animal Exercise
12.2.1.4 Yi Jin Jing
12.2.2 Rehabilitation Exercise of Respiratory Function
12.2.2.1 Position Management
12.2.2.2 Airway Clearance Technology
12.2.2.3 Respiratory Muscle Training
12.2.3 Physical Function Rehabilitation Exercises
12.2.3.1 Aerobic Exercise
12.2.3.2 Strength Training
12.2.3.3 Flexibility Training
12.2.3.4 Balance Training
12.2.4 Oxygen Therapy
12.2.5 ADL Intervention
12.2.6 Psychological Reconstruction
12.2.7 Diet Adjustment
12.3 Contraindications and precautions
12.3.1 Contraindications
12.3.2 Precautions
Bibliography
Appendices: Related Rating Scales
Index