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Recycled Materials in Geotechnical and Pavement Applications

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This book considers the application of recycled materials both in pavement and geotechnical engineering. Currently, Australia has faced the fundamental concern of recycling waste plastic. On 1 January 2018, China enforced a prohibition on the importation of waste plastic. China's ban is followed by other countries like India, Indonesia, and Malaysia. The ban caused many corporations to abandon waste collection agreements, and the stockpiling of waste, as there is nowhere to safely deposit this waste. This issue seems, to a great extent, to have placed Australia's recycling industry in a crisis. As a result, local councils will have to find strategic ways of recycling accumulated waste that will become a more significant issue in the coming years. In Australia, apart from economic growth, the road pavement has weakened rapidly as the current pavement unable to withstand this urgent traffic load demand. The adding of polymers to the mixtures improves the stiffness, rutting resistance, and fatigue cracking [1]. However, the application of virgin polymer is costly. Thus, using waste polymer such as waste plastic polymer is an inexpensive substitute. The potential for recycled plastic to improve the performance properties of asphalt mixtures has been demonstrated in many countries the UK, Canada, The Netherlands, and India [2]. Similarly, another application of recycled materials can be in geotechnical infrastructure. This book considers the application of recycled materials both in pavement and geotechnical engineering.

References 

[1] Airey, G.D., Singleton, T.M., & Collop, A.C.(2002). Properties of polymer modified bitumen after rubber- bitumen interaction. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering .14(4), 344- 354.

[2] K. O'Farrell. Australian Plastics Recycling Survey- National Report. 

Australian Government, Department of Environment and Energy, Australia. Project reference,2018 A21502.

Author(s): Amin Chegenizadeh, Hamid Nikraz
Series: Environmental Science and Engineering
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2022

Language: English
Pages: 113
City: Cham

Foreword
Preface
Contents
1 EVA Effect on Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) Behaviour
1.1 State of Art of the Area
1.2 Selected Materials
1.2.1 Aggregate
1.2.2 Bitumen Binder
1.2.3 Polymer Additive (EVA)
1.2.4 Mineral Filler
1.2.5 Fibre
1.2.6 Particle Size Distribution
1.3 Preparation of Specimens and Tests
1.3.1 Four-Points Bending
1.3.2 Dynamic Modulus
1.3.3 Flow Number Test (FN)
1.3.4 Wheel Rutting Test Sample
1.3.5 Binder Drain-Off Sample
1.4 Analysis of Results
1.4.1 Marshal Results
1.4.2 Wheel Tracking
1.4.3 Four-Point Bending Test
1.4.4 Binder Drain-Off
1.4.5 Flow Number Test
1.4.6 Dynamic Modulus Test
1.5 Concluding Marks
References
2 HDPE Effect on Rutting Resistance of Binder
2.1 Background to the Issue
2.1.1 Objectives
2.2 Materials and Methods
2.2.1 Experimental Program
2.2.2 Material Selection
2.2.3 Sample Preparation
2.3 Laboratory Evaluation
2.3.1 Multiple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR) Test
2.3.2 Rolling Thin Oven (RTFO) Test
2.4 Data Interpretation
2.4.1 Non-recoverable Creep Compliance
2.4.2 Elastic Recovery
2.4.3 Durability Performance: Aging Index
2.4.4 Empirical Relationship
2.5 Concluding Marks
References
3 High Dosage Rubber Addition to Asphalt Mixtures
3.1 Insight into the Background
3.2 Laboratory Work Framework
3.2.1 Material
3.2.2 Preparation Techniques
3.2.3 Experimental Evaluation
3.3 Data Interpretation
3.3.1 Air Void and Density
3.3.2 Marshall Stability and Flow
3.3.3 Rutting Resistance
3.3.4 Fatigue of Asphalt Rubber
3.4 Concluding Marks
References
4 Sodium Chloride Impact on Cemented Clay
4.1 Background to the Issue
4.1.1 Laboratory Work
4.1.2 Mix Design
4.1.3 Mixing
4.1.4 Chloride Attack Simulation
4.1.5 Experimental Testing Procedure
4.2 Results and Analysis
4.2.1 Compaction Test Results
4.2.2 Particle Size Distribution Results
4.2.3 Unconfined Compressive Strength Results
4.2.4 Microstructural Analysis
4.3 Concluding Marks
References
5 Recycled Sawdust Effect on Controlling Sulphate Attack in Cemented Clay
5.1 State of Art of the Area
5.2 Laboratory Tasks
5.3 Procedure of Testing and Preparation Techniques
5.3.1 Sample Preparation
5.3.2 Testing Procedure
5.4 Data Interpretation
5.4.1 Evaluation of Compaction Tests
5.4.2 Evaluation of UCS Tests
5.5 Discussion of Results by Means of Comparative Charts
5.5.1 Effect of SD on the Mixture Before Exposure
5.5.2 Effect of Cement on the Sulphate Resistance
5.5.3 Effect of SD and Curing Time on Sulphate Resistance
5.6 Microstructural Study and SEM Characterisations
5.7 Concluding Marks
References
6 Recycled-Seashells Cement Stabilised Kaolinite Clay Exposed to Sulphate
6.1 Literature Review
6.2 Laboratory Work
6.2.1 Kaolinite Clay
6.2.2 Portland Cement (PC)
6.2.3 Seashell
6.3 Methodology and Specimens Preparation
6.3.1 Standard Proctor Test
6.3.2 Preparation of UCS Tests
6.3.3 X-ray Diffraction
6.3.4 Scanning Electron Microscope
6.4 Results and Discussion
6.4.1 Compaction Test
6.4.2 Effect of Crushed Seashell on Sulphate Resistance
6.4.3 Microstructural and Crystallography Analysis
6.5 Concluding Marks
References