This book covers all basic topics of reaction kinetics, thus students do not need to refer to other resources to prepare for an undergraduate exam. It leads the reader into the topic starting from molecular level concepts and working towards the more macroscopic descriptions of kinetics, introducing the subject according to the state-of-the-art 21st century chemistry. A thorough treatment of formal kinetics of both elementary and complex reactions is based on actual practice, omitting many obsolete treatments of the subject. Mathematical operations are explained in enough detail so that even students that are less trained in calculus can easily follow and understand. Data treatment and statistical inference include modern - mostly numerical - methods widely used in applications. Experimental methods are described using basic technical details, however as techniques quickly change sophisticated devices are not the focus of this book. The emphasis lies on providing the basic concepts which are important for students to understand.
This book is suitable as essential reading for courses in bachelor and master chemistry programs and is also valuable as a reference or textbook for students of physics, biochemistry and environmental science.
Author(s): Ernő Keszei
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2021
Language: English
Pages: 198
City: Cham
Preface
Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction
Further Reading
Chapter 2: Theories of Elementary Reactions
2.1 Collision Theory
2.2 Transition State Theory
2.2.1 Potential Energy Surfaces in Reactive Systems
2.2.2 Statistical Formulation of the Equilibrium Constant
2.2.3 Quasi-Equilibrium Transition State Theory
2.2.4 Dynamical Treatment of the Transition State Theory
2.3 Dependence of the Rate Coefficient on Temperature and Pressure
Further Reading
Chapter 3: Formal Kinetic Description of Simple Reactions
3.1 Solution of Rate Equations of Integer-Order Reactions
3.1.1 Zero-Order Reactions
3.1.2 First-Order Reactions
3.1.3 Second-Order Reactions
3.1.4 Third-Order Reactions
3.2 Generalisation and Extension of the Order of Reaction; Pseudo-Order
Further Reading
Chapter 4: Kinetics of Composite Reactions
4.1 Coupling of Elementary Reactions
4.2 Parallel Reactions
4.3 Consecutive Reactions
4.4 Reversible Reactions
4.5 Solving Rate Equations of Mechanisms Comprising First-Order Reactions Only
4.6 Quasi-Steady-State Approximation
4.7 Fast Pre-equilibrium Approximation
4.8 Rate-Determining Steps
4.9 Numerical Algorithms to Solve Differential Equations; Integrators for Reaction Kinetics
4.10 Chain Reactions
4.10.1 Unbranched Chain Reactions
4.10.2 Branched Chain Reactions and Explosions
Further Reading
Chapter 5: Activation Processes and Unimolecular Gas Phase Reactions
5.1 Molecular Interpretation of Activation
5.2 Theories of Unimolecular Gas Reactions
5.2.1 Lindemann Mechanism
5.2.2 Lindemann-Hinshelwood Mechanism
5.2.3 RRK Theory
5.2.4 RRKM Theory
Further Reading
Chapter 6: Catalysts and Catalytic Reactions
6.1 Heterogeneous Catalysis
6.2 Enzyme Catalysis
6.3 Autocatalysis, Autoinhibition and Nonlinear Chemical Processes
6.3.1 A Simple Autocatalytic Reaction
6.3.2 Oscillating Reactions
Further Reading
Chapter 7: Experimental Methods in Reaction Kinetics
7.1 Methods to Determine Concentration
7.2 Initiating Reactions at Different Timescales
7.3 Experimental Techniques and Devices
7.3.1 Classical Techniques
7.3.2 Flow Methods
7.3.3 Relaxation Methods
7.3.4 Flash Photolysis and Laser Photolysis
7.3.5 Kinetic Measurements at Femtosecond Timescale
Further Reading
Index
