Quarks And Leptons. An Introductory Course In Modern Particle Physics

Quarks And Leptons: An Introductory Course In Modern Particle Physics Dust Jacket
Front Cover
Front Flap
Title-Page
Copyright
Dedication
Preface
Contents
1 A Preview Of Particle Physics
1.1 What Is The World Made Of ?
1.2 Quarks And Color
1.3 Color: The Charge Of Nuclear Interactions
1.4 Natural Units
1.5 Alpha Is Not The Only Charge Associated With Particle Interactions
1.6 There Are Weak Interactions, Too
1.7 Down Mendeleev's Path: More Quarks And Leptons
1.8 Gravity
1.9 Particles: The Experimentalist's Point Of View
1.10 Particle Detectors
2 Symmetries And Quarks
Symmetries And Groups
2.1 Symmetries In Physics: An Example
2.2 Symmetries And Groups: A Brief Introduction
2.3 The Group SU(2)
2.4 Combining Representations
2.5 Finite Symmetry Groups: P And C
2.6 SU(2) Of Isospin
2.7 Isospin For Antiparticles
2.8 The Group SU(3)
2.9 Another Example Of An SU(3) Group; Isospin And Strangeness
Quark "Atoms"
2.10 Quark-Antiquark States: Mesons
2.11 Three-Quark States: Baryons
2.12 Magnetic Moments
2.13 Heavy Quarks: Charm And Beyond
2.14 Hadron Masses
2.15 Color Factors
3 Antiparticles
3.1 Nonrelativistic Quantum Mechanics
3.2 Lorentz Covariance And Four-Vector Notation
3.3 The Klein-Gordon Equation
3.4 Historical Interlude
3.5 The Feynman-Stuckelberg Interpretation Of E< 0 Solutions
3.6 Nonrelativistic Perturbation Theory
3.7 Rules For Scattering Amplitudes In The Feynman-Stuckelberg Approach
4 Electrodynamics Of Spinless Particles
4.1 An "Electron" In An Electromagnetic Field A-mu
4.2 "Spinless" Electron-Muon Scattering
4.3 The Cross Section In Terms Of The Invariant Amplitude Curly-R
4.4 The Decay Rate In Terms Of Curly-R
4.5 "Spinless" Electron-Electron Scattering
4.6 Electron-Positron Scattering: An Application Of Crossing
4.7 Invariant Variables
4.8 The Origin Of The Propagator
4.9 Summary
5 The Dirac Equation
5.1 Covariant Form Of The Dirac Equation. Dirac Gamma-Matrices
5.2 Conserved Current And The Adjoint Equation
5.3 Free-Particle Spinors
5.4 Antiparticles
5.5 Normalization Of Spinors And Completeness Relations
5.6 Bilinear Covariants
5.7 Zero-Mass Fermions: The Two-Component Neutrino
6 Electrodynamics Of Spin- 1/2 Particles
6.1 An Electron Interacting With An Electromagnetic Field A-mu
6.2 Moller Scattering Electron-Electron To Electron-Electron
6.3 The Process Electron-Muon To Electron-Muon
6.4 Trace Theorems And Properties Of Gamma Matrices
6.5 Electron-Muon Scattering And The Process Positron-Electron To Antimuon-Muon
6.6 Helicity Conservation At High Energies
6.7 Survey Of Electron-Positron To Electron-Positron, Muon-Antimuon
6.8 Electron-Muon To Electron-Muon In The Laboratory Frame. Kinematics Relevant To The Parton Model
6.9 Photons. Polarization Vectors
6.10 More On Propagators. The Electron Propagator
The Propagator For A Spinless Particle
The Electron Propagator
6.11 The Photon Propagator
6.12 Massive Vector Particles
6.13 Real And Virtual Photons
6.14 Compton Scattering Photon-Electron To Photon-Electron
6.15 Pair Annihilation To Two Photons
6.16 The +i epsilon Prescription For Propagators
6.17 Summary Of The Feynman Rules For QED
7 Loops, Renormalization, Running Coupling Constants, And All That
7.1 Scattering Electrons Off A Static Charge
7.2 Higher-Order Corrections
7.3 The Lamb Shift
7.4 More Loops: The Anomalous Magnetic Moment
7.5 Putting The Loops Together: Ward Identities
7.6 Charge Screeing And Electron-Muon Scattering
7.7 Renormalization
7.8 Charge Screeing In QED: The Running Coupling Constant
7.9 Running Coupling Constant For QCD
7.10 Summary And Comments
8 The Structure Of Hadrons
8.1 Probing A Charge Distribution With Electrons: Form Factors
8.2 Electron-Proton Scattering. Proton Form Factors
8.3 Inelastic Electron-Proton Scattering ep To eX
8.4 Summary Of The Formalism For Analyzing ep Scattering
8.5 Inelastic Electron Scattering As A (Virtual) Photon-Proton Total Cross Section
9 Partons
9.1 Bjorken Scaling
9.2 Partons And Bjorken Scaling
9.3 The Quarks Within The Proton
9.4 Where Are The Gluons ?
10 Quantum Chromodynamics
10.1 The Dual Role Of Gluons
10.2 Embedding Gamma*-Parton Processes In Deep Inelastic Scattering
10.3 The Parton Model Revisited
10.4 The Gluon Emission Cross Section
10.5 Scaling Violations. The Altarelli-Parisi Equation
10.6 Including Gluon Pair Production
10.7 Complete Evolution Equations For The Parton Densities
10.8 Physical Interpretation Of The P Functions
10.9 The Altarelli-Parisi Techniques Also Apply To Leptons And Photons: The Weizsacker-Williams Formula
11 Positron-Electron Annihilation And QCD
11.1 Electron-Positron Annihilation Into Hadrons: Electron-Positron To Quark-Antiquark
11.2 Fragmentation Functions And Their Scaling Properties
11.3 A Comment On Heavy Quark Production
11.4 Three-Jet Events: Electron-Positron To Quark-Antiquark-Gluon
11.5 An Alternative Derivation Of The Electron-Positron To Quark-Antiquark-Gluon Cross Section
11.6 A Discussion Of Three-Jet Events
11.7 QCD Corrections To Electron-Positron To Hadrons
11.8 Perturbative QCD
11.9 A Final Example: The Drell-Yan Process
12 Weak Interactions
12.1 Parity Violation And The V-A Form Of The Weak Current
12.2 Interpretation Of The Coupling G
12.3 Nuclear Beta-Decay
12.4 Further Trace Theorems
12.5 Muon Decay
12.6 Pion Decay
12.7 Charged Current Neutrino-Electron Scattering
12.8 Neutrino-Quark Scattering
12.9 First Observation Of Weak Neutral Currents
12.10 Neutral Current Neutrino-Quark Scattering
12.11 The Cabibbo Angle
12.12 Weak Mixing Angles
12.13 CP Invariance?
12.14 CP Violation: The Neutral Kaon System
13 Electroweak Interactions
13.1 Weak Isospin And Hypercharge
13.2 The Basic Electroweak Interaction
13.3 The Effective Current-Current Interaction
13.4 Feynman Rules For Electroweak Interactions
13.5 Neutrino-Electron Scattering
13.6 Electroweak Interference In Electron-Positron Annihilation
13.7 Other Observable Electroweak Interference Effects
14 Gauge Symmetries
14.1 The Lagrangian And Single-Particle Wave Equations
14.2 Noether's Theorem: Symmetries And Conservation Laws
14.3 U(1) Local Gauge Invariance And QED
14.4 Non-Abelian Gauge Invariance And QCD
14.5 Massive Gauge Bosons ?
14.6 Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking. "Hidden" Symmetry
14.7 Spontaneous Breaking Of A Global Gauge Symmetry
14.8 The Higgs Mechanism
14.9 Spontaneous Breaking Of A Local SU(2) Gauge Symmetry
15 The Weinberg-Salam Model And Beyond
15.1 Electroweak Interactions Revisited
15.2 Choice Of The Higgs Field
15.3 Masses Of The Gauge Bosons
15.4 Masses Of The Fermions
15.5 The Standard Model: The Final Lagrangian
15.6 Electroweak Theory Is Renormalizable
15.7 Grand Unification
15.8 Can The Proton Decay ?
15.9 The Early Universe As A High-Energy Physics Experiment
15.10 "Grander" Unification
Answers And Comments On The Exercises
Supplementary Reading
References
Index
Useful Forrmulae
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