Private Equity Financing in Infrastructure and Real Estate: Impact, Strategies, and Value Addition

This document was uploaded by one of our users. The uploader already confirmed that they had the permission to publish it. If you are author/publisher or own the copyright of this documents, please report to us by using this DMCA report form.

Simply click on the Download Book button.

Yes, Book downloads on Ebookily are 100% Free.

Sometimes the book is free on Amazon As well, so go ahead and hit "Search on Amazon"

This book provides a comprehensive overview of Private Equity (PE) financing in the infrastructure and real estate sectors. In doing so, it analyzes the impact of such investments in the two sectors, evaluates the types of financing strategies, and explores the value created by such investments.  Infrastructure and Real Estate have emerged as a significant asset class for PE investors. In the last three decades, PE firms have invested significant amounts of capital in infrastructure and real estate – sectors which did not feature in their radar before 2000. Between 2000 and 2009, PE firms invested more than USD 200 billion in infrastructure. Real estate sector also witnessed investments of a similar scale as that of infrastructure. Fundraising for infrastructure and real estate was about USD 100 billion and USD 150 billion respectively in 2019, setting new records and reaching all-time highs.  This book examines such PE investments – both at a global level and at an emerging economy level, to identify how PE firms have created an impact with their investments, to provide both ready capital and value-addition to sectors which seem to urgently need both. 

The book is divided into three sections – impact of PE investments, strategies used by PE firms, and value created by such investments. The findings of this research and the corresponding best practices are useful and applicable to students, academicians, researchers, financial institutions, policy makers and law makers, commercial banks and funding agencies, practitioners, the Government, and other parties who are directly or indirectly associated with the development of infrastructure and real estate; and could aid funding agencies, practitioners and policy makers who are directly responsible for creating and developing infrastructure and real estate for their economies.

Author(s): Josephine Gemson, Thillai Rajan A.
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2023

Language: English
Pages: 226
City: Singapore

Foreword
Preface
Contents
About the Authors
1 The Need for Innovative Financing
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Infrastructure and Real Estate: Creating the Setting
1.2.1 What Constitutes Infrastructure and Real Estate?
1.2.2 Investments in Infrastructure and Real Estate
1.3 Characteristics of Infrastructure and Real Estate Investments
1.4 Is Private Equity Equipped to Handle Infrastructure Investment?
References
2 An Overview of the Impact of PE Investments on Size, Efficiency, and Cost
References
3 The Case of Global Infrastructure
3.1 Introduction
3.2 The Need for Innovation in Financing in Infrastructure
3.3 PE Investments in Infrastructure
3.4 Research on PE Investments in Infrastructure
3.5 Impact of PE Investments in Global Infrastructure
3.5.1 Projects with PE Investments: A Comparative Analysis
3.5.2 PE Investments: Debt Ratio
3.5.3 PE Investments: Number of Sponsors
3.6 Project Size and PE
3.7 Determinants of Private Equity Investments
3.8 Discussion and Policy Implications
3.9 Conclusion
References
4 The Case of Indian Real Estate
4.1 Introduction
4.2 The Real Estate Sector in India
4.3 PE in Real Estate
4.4 Analysis
4.5 Analysis of Trends of PE in Residential Real Estate in India
4.5.1 Projects with PE Investment: A Comparative Analysis
4.5.2 Comparative Analysis of PE Investors
4.5.3 Comparison of Dedicated and Diversified Investors
4.5.4 Factors Influencing Extent of PE Investment in Residential Real Estate Projects
4.6 Discussion
4.6.1 PE Versus Non-PE-Funded Projects
4.6.2 Foreign Versus Domestic Investors
4.6.3 Dedicated Versus Diversified Investors
4.6.4 Factors Influencing Extent of PE Investment in Residential Real Estate Projects
4.7 Implications and Conclusion
References
5 The Case of Indian Power Sector
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Research Background
5.3 Methodology and Data
5.3.1 Selection of Projects
5.3.2 Project Cost and Time
5.3.3 Comparison of Means
5.3.4 OLS Regression
5.3.5 Dependent variables
5.3.6 Project-Specific Variables
5.3.7 Operating Environment Variables
5.3.8 Robustness of the estimations
5.4 Data Sources and Description
5.5 Results and Discussion
5.5.1 Comparison Tests
5.5.2 OLS Regression
5.5.3 3-SLS Regression
5.6 Summary and Conclusions
References
6 An Overview of Private Equity Financing Strategies
6.1 An Overview of Syndication and Staging of PE Investments in Infrastructure
6.2 The Case of Syndication of PE Investment
6.3 The Case of Staging of PE Investment
References
7 The Case of Syndication of PE Investments
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Introduction to Syndication
7.3 Syndication in Financial Markets
7.4 PE Syndication
7.5 The Structure of PE Syndication Networks
7.6 The Motivations for PE Syndication
7.7 Data
7.8 Comparison of the Sample with Other Sectors
7.9 PE Investors in Infrastructure Projects, Round Wise
7.10 A Comparative Analysis of PE Investments in Infrastructure
7.11 Regression Analysis of PE Investments in Infrastructure
7.12 Characteristics of Infrastructure Deals with PE Syndication
7.13 Characteristics of PE Firms Who Syndicate
7.14 Discussion
7.15 Summary
References
8 The Case of Staging of PE Investments
8.1 Introduction
8.2 An Introduction to Staging
8.3 Staging of PE Investments
8.4 Staging as a Strategic Management Function
8.5 Staging as a Real Options Decision
8.6 Data
8.7 Comparative Analysis of Staged PE Investments in Infrastructure
8.8 Analysis of Investments with PE Staging Versus Investments Without PE Staging
8.9 Regression Analysis of Staged PE Investments in Infrastructure
8.10 Drivers of PE Staging in Infrastructure Projects
8.11 Analysis of the Time Duration Between Two Successive Rounds of Financing
8.12 Discussion
8.13 Summary
References
9 Value Addition by Private Equity Investors: Infrastructure
9.1 Overview
9.2 Value Addition by PE Investors
9.2.1 Source of Capital
9.3 Benefits of PE
9.4 Limitations of PE
9.5 Summary and Conclusions
10 Value Addition by Private Equity Investors: Real Estate
10.1 Introduction
10.2 PE as Source of Capital
10.3 Investor Selection as a Strategic Choice
10.4 Investment Structuring and Alignment of Interests
10.5 PE Certification
10.6 Value Addition by PE Investors
10.7 Discussion
10.8 Summary and Implications
11 Appendix: Data Sources and Methodologies
11.1 Analysis of PE in Infrastructure
11.2 Data Sources
11.2.1 The Global Project Finance Database
11.2.2 Adjusting Variables to Ensure Comparability
11.3 Analysis of PE in Real Estate
11.3.1 Data Sources
11.4 Methodology
11.4.1 Comparative Analysis
11.4.2 Regression Analysis
11.4.3 OLS or Ordinary Least Squares Regression
11.4.4 Logistic Regression
11.4.5 Endogeneity
11.4.6 Duration Analysis
References