Polyoxometalates: Advances, Properties, and Applications

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
Chapter 1: General Principles and Structural Chemistry of Polyoxometalates
1.1: Introduction
1.2: Structural Principles
1.3: General Properties
1.4: Classification
1.4.1: Isopolyoxometalates
1.4.2: Heteropolyoxometalates
1.4.3: Unconventional POMs
1.4.3.1: Giant molybdenum clusters
1.4.3.2: Uranium clusters
1.4.3.3: Noble metal containing POMs
1.5: Functionalization of POMs
1.5.1: 3d Metal Containing POMs
1.5.2: 4f Metal Containing POMs
1.5.3: Organic Functionalizaion
1.5.3.1: p-block organoderivatives
1.5.3.2: Substitution of surface oxygen atoms
1.5.3.3: Organic functionalization of 3d or 4f metal substituted POMs
1.6: Conclusion
Chapter 2: Polyoxometalate Macroions in Solution
2.1: Introduction
2.2: The Self-Assembly of POM Macroions into Blackberry Structures
2.2.1: Experimental Methods to Characterize the Self-Assembly of POM Macroions into Blackberry Structures
2.2.2: The Major Driving Forces of Blackberry Formation: Counterion-Mediated Attraction
2.2.3: Counterion-Specific Effects in the Self-Assembly of POMs
2.2.4: Other Non-Covalent Interactions Contribute to Blackberry Structure Formation
2.2.4.1: Hydrogen bond
2.2.4.2: Hydrophobic interaction
2.2.5: The Connection Between the Self-Assembly of POM Macroions and Complex Biomacromolecule Assemblies
2.2.5.1: The self-assembly kinetics of POM macroions and connection to viral capsid formation
2.2.5.2: Cations transport across POM macroion and blackberry “membrane”
2.2.5.3: Self-recognition and chiral selection in the self-assembly of POM macroions, connecting to the origin of biological homochirality
2.3: Conclusion
Chapter 3: Rational Design and Self-Assembly of Polyoxometalate-Peptide Hybrid Materials
3.1: Introduction
3.2: Covalent POM-Peptide Hybrids
3.2.1: Synthesis and Characterization of Covalent Hybrids
3.2.1.1: Synthesis via TRIS functionalization
3.2.1.2: Synthesis via organotin functionalizaion
3.2.1.3: Characterization of POM-peptide hybrids
3.2.2: Self-Assembly, Folding, and Supramolecular Chemistry
3.2.2.1: Charge and morphology of the POM
3.2.2.2: Peptide properties
3.2.3: Stereochemistry in POM-Peptide Hybrids: Study and Application
3.2.4: Future Perspectives
3.3: Ionic POM-Peptide Hybrids
3.3.1: Building Blocks: POMs & Peptide
3.3.1.1: POM clusters
3.3.1.2: Peptides
3.3.2: Mechanisms of Assembly: A Case Study
3.3.3: Applications
3.3.3.1: Biomedical applications
3.3.3.2: Adhesives
3.3.3.3: Catalysis
3.3.4: Future Perspectives
Chapter 4: Polyoxometalate–Polymer Hybrid Materials
4.1: Introduction
4.2: Development of Hybrid POM/Polymer Materials
4.2.1: Physical Blends of POM/Polymers
4.2.2: Hybrid Composites Formed by Non-Covalent Interactions
4.2.3: Covalently Linked POM/Polymer Hybrids
4.2.3.1: Hybrid materials formed by monomer modification
4.2.3.2: Covalently linked hybrid POM/polymers formed afterpolymerization
4.3: Applications
4.3.1: Drug Delivery System for Breast Cancer Therapies
4.3.2: Self-Healing Hybrid Hydrogels
4.3.3: Moisture Responsive Sensors
4.3.4: Solar UV Sensor
4.3.5: Intumescent Flame Retardant
4.3.6: Electrochemical Capacitors
4.3.7: Solid-State Proton Conductors
4.3.8: Near-Infrared and Visible Light Modulated Electrochromic Devices
4.4: Conclusion
Chapter 5: Polyoxometalates in Catalysis
5.1: Introduction
5.2: Stability of POMs
5.3: Porosity-Accessibility in POMs
5.3.1: HPAs Supported on Porous Solids: Impregnation and Sol–Gel Methods
5.3.2: Development of Tailored Porosity in Nanostructured Heteropolysalts
5.4: POMs as Catalysts
5.4.1: HPAs as Acid Catalysts
5.4.2: HPAs as Redox Catalysts
5.4.3: Heteropolysalts as Bifunctional Catalysts
Chapter 6: Transition Metal Oxide–Based Storage Materials
6.1: Molecular Metal Oxides in Magnetism and Semiconductors
6.2: Abundance of Raw Materials
6.3: Introduction: Building the Nanoworld
6.4: Molecular Metal Oxides: POMs, Synthesis, and Structural Features
6.5: Magnetic Materials
6.6: Metal Oxides in Memory Devices
6.7: Future Challenges and Research
6.8: Conclusion
Chapter 7: Polyoxometalate-Based Redox Flow Batteries
7.1: Introduction
7.2: RFBs
7.2.1: All-VRFBs
7.2.2: Alternatives to all-VRFBs
7.3: POM-Based RFBs
7.3.1: Fundamental Redox Mechanisms of POMs at Electrodes and ESS
7.3.2: State of the Art in POM–RFBs
7.4: Conclusion
Chapter 8: Polyoxometalates with Anticancer, Antibacterial and Antiviral Activities
8.1: Introduction
8.2: Antitumor Activity of POMs
8.2.1: Decavanadate and POVs
8.2.2: POMos and POTs
8.3: Mechanisms of Action of POMs as Anticancer Agents
8.3.1: Effects in Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress, and Mechanisms of Cell Death
8.3.2: Autophagy and POMs
8.3.3: Inhibition of Ecto-Nucleosidases and Histone Deacetylases
8.3.4: Inhibition of ALPs, Kinases, P-type ATPases and Aquaporins
8.4: Antibacterial Activity of POMs
8.4.1: Decavanadate and POVs
8.4.2: POTs and POMos
8.5: Mechanisms of Action of POMs as Antibacterial Agents
8.5.1: Modulation of Gene Expression
8.5.2: POMs Interactions with Proteases, Phosphatases, P-Type ATPases and Actin
8.5.3: Effects on Sialyl- and Sulfotransferase
8.5.4: Bioenergetic and Redox Disturbance
8.6: Antiviral Activity of POMs
8.6.1: Decavanadate and POVs
8.6.2: POTs and POMos
8.7: POMs Mechanisms of Antiviral Activity
8.8: Conclusion and Perspective
8.8.1: Anticancer Activities
8.8.2: Antibacterial Activities
8.8.3: Antiviral Activities
Index