Polymer Chemistry: A Practical Approach in Chemistry has been designed for both chemists working in and new to the area of polymer synthesis. It contains detailed instructions for preparation of a wide-range of polymers by a wide variety of different techniques, and describes how this synthetic methodology can be applied to the development of new materials. It includes details of well-established techniques, e.g. chain-growth or step-growth processes together with more up-to-date examples using methods such as atom-transfer radical polymerization. Less well-known procedures are also included, e.g. electrochemical synthesis of conducting polymers and the preparation of liquid crystalline elastomers with highly ordered structures. Other topics covered include general polymerization methodology, controlled/living polymerization methods, the formation of cyclic oligomers during step-growth polymerization, the synthesis of conducting polymers based on heterocyclic compounds, dendrimers, the preparation of imprinted polymers and liquid crystalline polymers. The main bulk of the text is preceded by an introductory chapter detailing some of the techniques available to the scientist for the characterization of polymers, both in terms of their chemical composition and in terms of their properties as materials. The book is intended not only for the specialist in polymer chemistry, but also for the organic chemist with little experience who requires a practical introduction to the field.
Author(s): Fred J. Davis
Series: Practical Approach in Chemistry
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Year: 2004
Language: English
Pages: 266
Cover
Preface
Contents
Contributors
Abbreviations
1. Polymer characterization
1.1. Introduction
1.2. Synthetic routes to polymers
1.3. Molecular weight determination
1.4. Composition and microstructure
1.5. Optical microscopy
1.6. Electron microscopy
1.7. Analytical microscopy
1.8. Scanning probe microscopy
1.9. Thermal analysis
1.10. Molecular relaxation spectroscopy
1.11. X-ray and neutron scattering methods
1.12. Conclusions
References
2. General procedures in chain-growth polymerization
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Free-radical chain polymerization
2.3. Anionic polymerization
2.4. Ring-opening polymerizations initiated by anionic reagents
2.5. Coordination polymers
2.6. Conclusions
References
3. Controlled/‘living’ polymerization methods
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Covalent ‘living’ polymerization: group transfer polymerization
3.3. Controlled free-radical polymerizations mediated by nitroxides
3.4. Controlled free-radical polymerizations: atom transfer free-radical polymerizations (ATRP) and aqueous ATRP
References
4. Step-growth polymerization-basics and development of new materials
4.1. Introduction
4.2. The synthesis of an aromatic polyamide
4.3. Preparation of a main-chain liquid crystalline poly(ester ether) with a flexible side-chain
4.4. Non-periodic crystallization from a side-chain bearing copolyester
4.5. A comparison of melt polymerization of an aromatic di-acid containing an ethyleneglycol spacer with polymerization in a solvent and dispersion in an inorganic medium
References
5. The formation of cyclic oligomers during step-growth polymerization
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Synthesis and extraction of cyclic oligomers of poly(ether ketone)
5.3. Synthesis of some sulfone-linked paracyclophanes from macrocyclic thioethers
5.4. Summary
References
6. The synthesis of conducting polymers based on heterocyclic compounds
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Electrochemical synthesis
6.3. Synthesis of polypyrrole
6.4. Synthesis of polyaniline
6.5. Synthesis of polythiophene
6.6. Conclusions
References
7. Some examples of dendrimer synthesis
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Excess reagent method
7.3. Protection–deprotection method
References
8. New methodologies in the preparation of imprinted polymers
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Sacrificial spacer approach
8.3. Preparation of bacteria-imprinted polymers
References
9. Liquid crystalline polymers
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Synthesis of an acrylate-based liquid crystal polymer
9.3. The hydrosilylation reaction: a useful procedure for the preparation of a variety of side-chain polymers
9.4. Photochemical preparation of liquid crystalline elastomers with a memory of the aligned cholesteric phase
9.5. Defining permanent memory of macroscopic global alignment in liquid crystal elastomers
9.6. Summary
References
Index
