Ocean Science Data: Collection, Management, Networking, and Services presents the evolution of ocean science, information, theories, and data services for oceanographers looking for a better understanding of big data. The book is divided into chapters organized under the following main issues: marine science, history and data archaeology, data services in ocean science, society-driven data, and coproduction and education. Throughout the book, particular emphasis is put on data products quality and big data management strategy; embracing tools enabling data discovery, data preparation, self-service data accessibility, collaborative semantic metadata management, data standardization, and stream processing engines.
Ocean Science Data providesanopportunity to start a new roadmap for data management issues, to be used for future collaboration among disciplines. This will include a focus on organizational objectives such as improved performance, competitive advantage, innovation, the sharing of lessons learned, integration, and continuous improvement of data management organization. This book is written for ocean scientists at postgraduate level and above as well as marine scientists and climate change scientists.
Author(s): Giuseppe Manzella, Antonio Novellino
Publisher: Elsevier
Year: 2021
Language: English
Pages: 373
City: Amsterdam
Cover
Ocean Science Data: Collection, Management, Networking and Services
Copyright
List of acronyms
Contributors
Biographies
One . A narrative of historical, methodological, and technological observations in marine science
Introduction
17th century: Summum frigidum
Sounding: Nuntius Inanimatus, Esplorator Distantiae
Esplorator temperature
Esplorator Qualitatum
Specific gravity
18th century: Polar explorations
Temperature
Specific gravity and salinity
Distilled water
Marine zoology
19th century: A century of changes
Deep sea soundings
Temperature in the polar regions
Specific gravity and salinity
Marine zoology
Surface currents
Farthest north
From physical geography of the sea to oceanography
The birth of modern oceanography
Crossing the north-west passage
Lesson learned
Best practices
Importance of standards
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Two . Data services in ocean science with a focus on the biology∗
Introduction
Historical data
Introduction
Historical sources
Reliability of historical data
Unwritten, historical data
In summary
Research Data Life Cycle
Phase 1—data acquisition: finding and creating data
Phase 2—data curation: organizing and standardizing data and its associated metadata
Phase 3—data publishing: data sharing, integration, and redistribution
Phase 4—data processing: services and tools
Phase 5—data use and reuse
The Research Data Life Cycle in summary
Essential variables: their relevance for policies and conventions
Use cases and stories
Before 1990: looking back into history …
Newfoundland English cod fishery 1698–1832
Rescuing legacy data from historical oceanographic expeditions
The 1990s (1990–99)
The 2000s (2000–09)
Census of Marine Life
Marine biodiversity ecosystem functioning
The legacy of CoML and MarBEF
The 2010s (2010–20)
Toward the next decade: what are the challenges we are facing?
In conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Further reading
Three . Data management infrastructures and their practices in Europe
Introduction
The importance of marine data
Marine environmental monitoring services
A global ocean observing system framework
GOOS regional alliances—the European monitoring framework
Data governance
Data access and data interoperability
Provenance and lineage
Collection and discovery
Data harmonization through brokering approaches
FAIRness of data and related services
Ocean data standards for processing data and metadata
SeaDataNet ocean standards
European directory services
NERC vocabulary services
SeaDataNet data formats
Sensor web enablement (SWE)
The marine data management landscape
The European initiatives
Cloud infrastructure
EMODnet—European Marine Observation and Data network
EMODnet Bathymetry
EMODnet Chemistry
EMODnet Ingestion
Fit-for-use/fit-for-purpose infrastructure
Further attention to land-sea interface
Support to Water Framework Directive
Support to the Marine Strategy Framework Directive
An operational fit-for-use infrastructure: EMODnet Physics
Data collection
Data sources
Data processing
Data publishing and data dissemination channels
Data format reference
New challenges
ENVRI-FAIR
European Open Science Cloud
Pilot Blue-Cloud
Green Deal and Digital Twin of the Ocean
Conclusion and recommendations
Recommendations
References
Four . A collaborative framework among data producers, managers, and users
Introduction
Data cycle and data collection
Historical data: the GODAR project
Evolution of quality paradigms
Data infrastructures
Data flow
Online data services and coproduction
Gridded products
Observation-only gridded products
Challenges to create gridded data products
General concepts and methods
Uncertainty of gridded products
Example workflow for gridded product generation in SeaDataNet and EMODnet
Satellite products
Satellite-based sea surface temperature retrieval
SST products examples
Ocean reanalysis
Societal challenges products
Bathymetric maps
Pollution products
Human activity products
Products quality and transparency
Product quality assessment
Data quality dimensions
The EMODnet checkpoints
Toward an ocean service based on essential ocean variables
Conclusions and recommendations
References
Five . Connecting marine data to society
Introduction
EMODnet: a marine knowledge broker for society
EMODnet Seabed Habitats' EUSeaMap: an integrated, multidisciplinary data product for research, policy, and ecosystem-based ...
Application for policy and ecosystem-based management
Wider data visualization tools and applications
Marine data visualization for assessing blue economy human activity during COVID-19
Virtual nature
The European Atlas of the Seas: an EU online communication tool for an increasingly blue, ocean literate society
Marine and coastal maps for society, powered by open access data and science
European Atlas of the Seas: Educational activities, ocean literacy, and possible applications
Catalyzing and mobilizing citizens through ocean literacy
Digital tools for EU4Ocean
International context of ocean literacy
Marine data visualization for science communication and storytelling
Hackathons: innovating marine data and solutions by society, for society
Toward a transparent, accessible, and digital ocean
The rise of big data
Marine and wider environmental data for society in the digital era
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Further reading
Six . How can ocean science observations contribute to humanity?
The importance of the ocean in the human environment
Ocean data science
Data adequacy
Added value chain in ocean data science education
An evolving science
Mutual understanding
Data enrichment
From data to information/understanding
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Seven . Oceanography: a recent scientific discipline with ancient origins
Index
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
