This book presents state-of-the-art millimetre wave antennas for next generation 5G communications. The propagation losses associated with the millimetre waves and the signal blockage due to the objects present between transmitter and receiver require novel antenna topologies to address these issues. Various aspects of antenna design related to millimetre wave 5G communication including 28-GHz channel characteristics, mmWave antenna requirements, antenna design strategies for 28 GHz, MIMO/multibeam antennas, and mmWave lens antennas are highlighted. Apart from the general antenna requirements and study related to the 28 GHz frequency band, various new metamaterial-based antennas employing uniaxial or biaxial anisotropic media that enhance the antenna radiation performance are covered in detail. In addition, various new antenna systems such as wide-scan antenna arrays, dual-polarized antennas, and dual-beam/multibeam antennas are covered in this book. The book concludes with the glimpses of the millimetre wave lens antennas and the design of very thin planar metamaterial lens for 5G massive MIMO applications.
Author(s): Shiban Kishen Koul, Zamir Wani
Series: Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 819
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2021
Language: English
Pages: 187
City: Singapore
Preface
Contents
About the Authors
Abbreviations
1 Millimeter Waves for Gigabit Wireless Communication
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Millimeter Wave 5G Frequency Band
1.2.1 The 28-GHz Band
1.2.2 Propagation Losses
1.2.3 Channel Measurements
1.2.4 Link Budget
1.3 Millimeter Wave Antennas
1.3.1 Antenna Design and Requirements
1.4 Millimeter Wave MIMO
1.5 Conclusion
References
2 Metamaterials and Anisotropic Media Realization for mmWave Applications
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Metamaterials for Antennas
2.2.1 Antenna with NIM
2.2.2 Antenna with ZIM
2.3 Anisotropic Media and Applications
2.3.1 Media Properties
2.3.2 Applications
2.4 Anisotropic Metamaterial Realization
2.4.1 Uniaxial Metamaterial Realization
2.4.2 Biaxial Metamaterial Realization
2.5 Conclusion
References
3 Millimeter Wave High Gain Antennas
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Aperture Size Versus Gain
3.3 Gain Enhancement Techniques
3.4 Stacked Dielectric Loading for Gain Enhancement
3.4.1 Design and Working Mechanism
3.4.2 Experimental Results
3.5 Gain Enhancement Using High-Low Epsilon Biaxial Anisotropic Lens
3.5.1 Working Mechanism and Anisotropic Lens
3.5.2 Gain Enhancement Using Anisotropic HLE Slab
3.5.3 Antenna Gain Study and MTM Realized HLE Media
3.6 Conclusion
References
4 Beam Tilting and Deflection Type Millimeter Wave Antennas
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Beam Tilting Using Artificial High Permittivity Media
4.2.1 Capacitively Loaded Loop Unit Cell
4.2.2 Design and Mechanism of Beam Deflection
4.3 Huygens’ Metasurface for Beam Deflection
4.3.1 Design of Phase Delay Unit Cells
4.3.2 Design of Huygens’ Metasurface
4.4 Microstrip Patch Antenna with the Huygens’ Metasurface
4.5 Dipole Antenna with the Huygens’ Metasurface
4.6 Conclusion
References
5 Beam Switching and Wide-Scan Antenna Array
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Beam Switching Antenna Array
5.3 Integrated Lens Antennas
5.4 Metamaterial Based Wide-Scan Angle Beam Switching Antenna
5.4.1 Wide Scan Antenna Array with Metamaterial Loading
5.4.2 Prototype and Measurement Results
5.5 Conclusion
References
6 Millimeter Wave MIMO Antennas
6.1 Introduction
6.2 mmWave MIMO Antennas
6.3 Compact mmWave MIMO Antenna Design
6.3.1 Two Element MIMO Configuration
6.3.2 Two Element MIMO Configuration
6.4 Prototype and MIMO Antenna Performance
6.4.1 Antenna MIMO Performance
6.5 Conclusion
References
7 Millimeter Wave Polarization/Pattern Diversity Antennas
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Antenna Polarization and Pattern Diversity
7.2.1 Dual-Polarized mmWave Antenna
7.2.2 mmWave Antenna with Pattern Diversity
7.3 Compact mmWave Antenna with Pattern and Polarization Diversity
7.3.1 Shared-Aperture Antenna
7.3.2 Shared Aperture Antenna with Dual-Polarized HIS
7.4 Prototype and Measurement Results
7.5 Conclusion
References
8 Dual Beam/Multibeam Antennas
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Dual-Beam Antenna Array
8.3 Dual-Beam Radiation from a Single Antenna
8.3.1 Dual-Beam Radiation Using Anisotropic Media
8.4 Dual-Beam Dipole Antenna with Single-EH Media
8.5 Practical Implementation and Dual-Beam Antenna
8.6 Conclusion
References
9 Millimeter Wave Lens Antennas
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Lens Antennas for mmWave MIMO
9.3 Planar Metasurface Lens Design
9.3.1 Graded Refractive Index (GRIN) Lens
9.3.2 Phase Gradient Metasurface Lens
9.4 Ultra-Thin Planar Metasurface Lens
9.4.1 Study of Lensing Property
9.5 Circularly Polarized Antenna Array
9.6 Antenna Array with Planar Metasurface Lens
9.6.1 Implementation and Measured Results
9.7 Conclusion
References
Index
