Nature and Treatment of Stuttering: New Directions

Contributors
Contents
SECTION ONE Characteristics of stuttering and stutterers
Chapter 1 Epidemiology of Stuttering
Chapter 2 Identification of Stutteringand Stutterers
Chapter 3 Stuttering Secondary toNervous System Damage
Chapter 4 Central Nervous SystemCharacteristics of Stutterers
TABLE 4-1. Variables affecting hemispheric activation
Chapter 5 Stuttering and AuditoryFunction
Chapter 6 Laryngeal Dynamicsof Stutterers
LARYNGEAL ONSET AND REACTION TIMEOF STUTTERERS
FIGURE 6-1.
FIGURE 6-2.
TABLE 6-1.
FIGURE 6-3.
TABLE 6-2.
LARYNGEAL MUSCLE ACTIVITY OF STUTTERERS
TABLE 6-3. Muscles and Subjects in Studies of Laryngeal Muscle Activity in Stutterers
TABLE 6-4. Electromyographic Studies of Disfluencies in Normals
OBSERVING LARYNGEAL MOVEMENTSOF STUTTERERS
TABLE 6-5.
FIGURE 6-4.
FIGURE 6-5.
FIGURE 6-6
FIGURE 6-7.
FIGURE 6-8.
Chapter 7 Articulatory Dynamicsof Stutterers
FIGURE 7-1. The elephant and the wise men.
FIGURE 7-2. Description (clues) and Explanation.
FIGURE 7-3.
SECTION TWO Theoretical perspectives of stuttering
Chapter 8 Stuttering as a Genetic Disorder
FIGURE 8-1. Selected pedigrees of stutterers.
TABLE 8-1. Frequencies of stutterers among relatives of adult stutterers categorized by sex
TABLE 8-2. Risk to siblings and children of adult MALE stutterersaccording to family type
TABLE 8-3. Risk to siblings and children of adult FEMALE stutteringprobands according to family type.
FIGURE 8-2. A simplified graphical representation of the single-major locus model
TABLE 8-4. Single-Major-Locus Analysis of Stuttering Estimates of Genetic Parameters
TABLE 8·5. Recovered and Persistent Stutterers among Relatives ofAdult Persistent Probands
Chapter 9 Stuttering as anAnticipatory Struggle Disorder
A NOTE ON METHODOLOGY
STATEMENT OF THE THEORY
LEARNING VERSUS HEREDITY IN STUTTERING
THE INFLUENCE OF BELIEFS ON STUTTERING
THE RELATION OF STUTTERING TO ANTICIPATORY EVENTS
THE ROLE OF STIMULI REPRESENTATIVE OF PAST STUTTERING
EXPLANATORY POTENTIAL OF THE HYPOTHESIS
THE ETIOLOGY OF STUTTERING
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
REFERENCES
Chapter 10 Stuttering as an Operant Disorder
TABLE 10-1.
Chapter 11 Stuttering as a ProsodicDisorder
INTRODUCTION
PROSODY: A BRIEF GENERAL STATEMENT
PROSODIC INVOLVEMENT IN STUTTERING
Direct evidence
TABLE 11-1.
TABLE 11-2.
TABLE 11-3. Distribution of the Stressed Syllable in Polysyllabic Words
FIGURE 11-1.
TABLE 11-4. Influence of Early Sentence Position on the Content Word/Function Word Ratio of Stuttering
FIGURE 11-2.
Indirect evidence: The ameliorative conditions
NOTES
REFERENCES
Chapter 12 Stuttering as a Cognitive Linguistic Disorder
TABLE 12-1. Conceptual Models of Language and Stuttering:Definitions
APPENDIX: Language Model References and Key Concepts
Chapter 13 Stuttering as a Sequencingand Timing Disorder
THE METATHEORY UNDERLYING STUTTERING RESEARCH
A GENERAL THEORY OF SPEECH PRODUCTION
The motor program for words
FIGURE 13-1.
The sequential activating mechanism: Sequence nodes
The temporal activating mechanism: Timing nodes
An example
FIGURE 13-2.
ERRORS WITHIN THE THEORY
FIGURE 13·3.
FEEDBACK WITHIN THE THEORY
INTEGRATION OF STUTTERING INTO THE THEORY
The surface characteristics of stuttering
FIGURE 13·4.
The distributional characteristics of stuttering
The level at which stuttering originates
STUTTERING AND THE PROCESSING OF AUDITORY INPUT
Theoretical explanation of the auditory effects
CONCLUSION
NOTES
REFERENCES
Chapter 14 Stuttering as a TemporalProgramming Disorder
INTRODUCTION
ANOMALOUS HEMISPHERIC ASYMMETRIES
SPECULATIONS ON GENETIC FACTORS
FLUENCY-INDUCING CONDITIONS: COMMON ROOTS
STUTTERING AS A DEFICIT IN TEMPORAL PROGRAMMING
SUMMARY
NOTES
REFERENCES
SECTION THREE Clinical management of stutterers
Chapter 15 Assessment Strategies for Stuttering
APPENDIX B - STUTTERING DATA SHEET(ADULT)
Chapter 16 Prevention of Stuttering: Management of Early Stages
FIGURE 16-1. Overview of Differential Evaluation and Therapy
FIGURE 16-2. Continuum of Disfluent Speech Behaviors
TABLE 16-1. Chart of Disfluent Episodes
Chapter 17 Treatment of the YoungChronic Stutterer: ManagingStuttering
Chapter 18 Treatment of the Young Chronic Stutterer: Managing Fluency
Figure 18-1
Chapter 19 Treatment of Adults:Managing Stuttering
TABLE 19-1.
Figure 19-1
Figure 19-2.
APPENDIX 19-1. Calming the Stutterer and Stuttering
APPENDIX 19-2. Stuttering Replacement Response
Chapter 20 Treatment of Adult Stutterers: Managing Fluency
Chapter 21 Generalization and Maintenance of Treatment
Author Index
Subject Index