This book reviews the latest developments and applications of nanozymes in environmental science. Protection of the environment is essential because pollution has become a global problem with many adverse effects on life and ecosystems. For that, remediation strategies and techniques have been designed, yet they are limited. Here, the recent development of nanotechnology opens a new vista for environmental remediation. In particular, nanomaterials displaying enzyme-like activities, named ‘nanozymes’, appear very promising for environmental monitoring, contaminant detection, microbial management, and degradation of organic pollutants. Nanomaterials including metallic, metal oxides and carbon-based nanoparticles with nanozymes activities have been synthesized. These nanozymes have similar activities as natural peroxidase, oxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes. Nanozymes have several advantages, yet they suffer from several limitations such as low catalytic efficiency, less substrate selectivity, biocompatibility, and lack of engineering of the active sites.
Author(s): Hemant Kumar Daima (editor), Navya PN (editor), Eric Lichtfouse (editor)
Series: Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World
Edition: 1
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2021
Language: English
Pages: 256
Preface
Contents
About the Editors
Chapter 1: Amino Acids Functionalized Inorganic Metal Nanoparticles: Synthetic Nanozymes for Target Specific Binding, Sensing ...
1.1 Introduction
1.1.1 Functionalization of Nanomaterials Using Amino Acids
1.2 Synthesis of Amino Acids Functionalized Nanoparticles
1.2.1 Amino Acids Mediated Synthesis of Nanoparticles
1.2.2 Post-functionalization of Nanoparticles Using Amino Acids
1.3 Optical Properties of Amino Acid Functionalized Nanoparticles
1.3.1 Optical Properties of Metal Nanoparticles - Surface Plasmon Resonant Absorption
1.3.2 Optical Properties of Semiconductor Nanoparticles - Fluorescence Properties
1.3.3 Chiro-optical Properties of Amino Acids Functionalized Semiconductor Nanoparticles
1.4 Thermodynamics of Amino Acids Binding on Nanoparticles Surface
1.5 Substrate Specific Binding - Electrostatic and Chiral
1.5.1 Protein and DNA Binding to Nanoparticles Surface
1.5.2 Enantioselective Binding and Chiral Separation
1.6 Amino Acids Functionalized Nanoparticles in Sensing Applications
1.6.1 Colorimetric Sensing
1.6.2 Fluorescence Sensing
1.7 Catalytic Role as Nanozymes
1.7.1 Metal Nanoparticles Containing Nanozyems
1.7.2 Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Containing Nanozymes
1.8 Conclusion and Prospects
References
Chapter 2: Thermal Decomposition Routes for Magnetic Nanoparticles: Development of Next-Generation Artificial Enzymes, Their P...
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Nanoparticle Synthesis
2.2.1 Nanoparticle Reaction Kinetics
2.2.2 Nanoparticle Reaction Mechanism
2.3 Reaction Conditions
2.3.1 Reaction Temperatures
2.3.2 Iron Oleate Precursors
2.3.3 Surfactant Quality
2.3.4 Surfactants and Additives
2.3.5 Heating Rate and Reflux Time (Including Aging Factor)
2.4 Structural and Magnetic Properties
2.4.1 Nanoparticle Shape
2.4.2 Nanoparticle Phase
2.4.3 Nanoparticle Magnetism
2.5 Biological Applications - The Importance of Phase Transfer
2.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3: Nanozymes: Emerging Nanomaterials to Detect Toxic Ions
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Detection of Hg2+ Using Nanozymes
3.2.1 Based on Target Promoted Activity
3.2.2 Based on Target Inhibited Activity
3.2.3 Based on Other Mechanisms
3.3 Detection of Ag+ Using Nanozymes
3.3.1 Based on Target Inhibited Activity
3.3.2 Based on Target Promoted Activity
3.4 Detection of Arsenate/Arsenite Using Nanozymes
3.5 Detection of Pb2+ Using Nanozymes
3.6 Detection of [Cr2O7]2- Using Nanozymes
3.7 Detection of Halide Ions Using Nanozymes
3.8 Detection of Phosphates Using Nanozymes
3.9 Detection of S-containing Species Using Nanozymes
3.10 Detection of Other Ions Using Nanozymes
3.11 Trends and Challenges
3.12 Conclusions
References
Chapter 4: Applications of Nanozymes in Wastewater Treatment
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Importance of Enzymes in Wastewater Treatment
4.3 Nanoparticles as Enzyme Mimics
4.3.1 Iron Nanoparticles as Nanozymes
4.3.2 Manganese Nanoparticles as Nanozymes
4.3.3 Copper Nanoparticles as Nanozymes
4.3.4 Gold Nanoparticles as Nanozymes
4.3.5 Platinum Nanoparticles as Nanozymes
4.3.6 Hybrid Nanozymes
4.4 Conclusions and Future Scope
References
Chapter 5: Aptamer Mediated Sensing of Environmental Pollutants Utilizing Peroxidase Mimic Activity of NanoZymes
5.1 Introduction
5.2 NanoZymes
5.3 Aptamers
5.4 NanoZymes for Pollutants Detection
5.4.1 Heavy Metal
5.4.2 Pathogens
5.4.3 Organic Pollutants
5.4.3.1 Toxins
5.4.3.2 Antibiotics
5.4.3.3 Pesticides
5.4.3.4 Dyes
5.5 Summary and Future Prospects
References
Chapter 6: Nanozyme-Based Sensors for Pesticide Detection
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Chemical Classification of Pesticides
6.2.1 Organochlorines
6.2.2 Organophosphates
6.2.3 Carbamates
6.2.4 Pyrethroids
6.2.5 Others
6.2.5.1 Acetamiprid
6.2.5.2 Atrazine
6.3 Nanozyme Based Sensors
6.3.1 Organophosphorus Pesticide Sensors
6.3.1.1 Acetylcholinesterase-Based Sensor with Oxidase-Mimic Nanozyme
6.3.1.2 Acetylcholinesterase Based Sensor with Peroxidase-Mimic Nanozyme
6.3.1.3 Colorimetric or Fluorometric Inhibition in the Absence of Another Natural Enzyme
6.3.1.4 Chemiluminescent Sensor Array for Multiple Pesticide Detection
6.3.1.5 Chemiluminescence Switching Assay
6.3.1.6 Nanozyme-Based Immunoassays
6.3.1.7 Nanozyme Aptasensors
6.3.1.8 Phosphatase-Mimic Nanozymes - A Dual Role
6.3.1.9 Electrochemical Sensors
6.3.2 Acetamiprid Sensors
6.3.3 Atrazine Sensors
6.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 7: Metal-Based Nanozyme: Strategies to Modulate the Catalytic Activity to Realize Environment Application
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Strategies to Modulate the Activities of Nanozymes
7.2.1 pH
7.2.2 Temperature
7.2.3 Size
7.2.4 Shape
7.2.5 Light
7.2.6 Surface Modification
7.2.7 Surface Charge
7.3 Metallic Nanoparticles
7.3.1 Gold Nanoparticles
7.3.2 Silver Nanoparticles
7.3.3 Platinum Nanoparticles
7.3.4 Palladium Nanoparticles
7.4 Bimetallic Nanoparticles
7.5 Trimetallic Nanoparticles
7.6 Modulators for Enhancing the Catalytic Efficiency of Nanozymes
7.6.1 Metal Ions
7.6.2 Adenosine Supplements
7.6.3 Oligonucleotides
7.6.4 Chemical Compounds
7.7 Environmetal Application of Metallozyme
7.7.1 Pesticides Detection
7.7.2 Antibiotic Residues
7.7.3 Phenolic Residues
7.7.4 Pathogens
7.7.5 Toxic Ions
7.8 Conclusion and Future Prospects
References
Chapter 8: Nanozymes in Environmental Protection
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Toxic Ions Detection
8.2.1 Heavy Metal Ions Detection
8.2.2 Toxic Anions Detection
8.3 Organic Pollutants Degradation
8.3.1 Organic Compounds Degradation
8.3.2 Nerve Agents Degradation
8.4 Biofilm Formation Inhibition
8.5 Summary and Outlook
References
