Nanomaterials for Sustainable Tribology

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
Editors
Contributors
1 Nanomaterials and Tribology: An Introduction
1.1 Introduction to Nanomaterials
1.2 Types of Nanomaterials
1.2.1 Polymeric-Based Nanomaterials
1.2.2 Metal-Based Nanomaterials
1.2.3 Ceramic-Based Nanomaterials
1.3 Introduction to Sustainable Tribology
1.4 Nanomaterials in Tribological Systems
1.4.1 Bulk Materials
1.4.2 Lubricants
1.4.3 Semisolid Materials
1.4.4 Coatings
1.5 Applications
1.5.1 Industrial Applications
1.5.2 Biomedical Applications
1.6 Conclusion
References
2 Nanocomposites and Tribology: Overview, Sustainability Aspects, and Challenges
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Fabrication Methods
2.2.1 Stir-Casting
2.2.2 Disintegrated Melt Deposition (DMD)
2.2.3 Semi-Solid Casting
2.2.4 Powder Metallurgy
2.2.5 Friction Stir Processing
2.2.6 Accumulative Roll Bonding
2.3 Role of Nano-Reinforcements in Metallic Materials
2.4 Sustainability Aspects of Nanomaterials in Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs)
2.5 Nanoadditives as Self-Lubricating Materials
2.5.1 Aluminium Alloys
2.5.2 Copper Composites
2.5.3 Magnesium Alloys
2.5.4 Nickel-Graphite Composites
2.6 Nanomaterials Used in Different Composites
2.6.1 Studies Related to Carbon-Related Materials
2.6.2 Studies Related to Other Nanomaterials
2.6.3 Studies Related to Hybrid Nanomaterials
2.7 Challenges and Future Scope
2.8 Conclusion
References
3 Tribological Behaviour of Aluminium Metal Composites Reinforced with Nanoparticles
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Processing Methods
3.2.1 Liquid Processing
3.2.2 Semi-Solid Processing
3.2.3 Solid Processing
3.2.4 In Situ Processing
3.3 Tribological Behaviour of Al-NMMCs
3.4 Conclusions
References
4 Tribological Performance of RGO and Al[sub(2)]O[sub(3)] Nanodispersions in Synthetic Lubricant
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Experimental Details
4.2.1 Materials and Methods
4.2.2 Preparation of RGO and Al[sub(2)]O[sub(3)] Nanolubricants
4.2.3 Tribological Testing
4.3 Results and Discussion
4.3.1 Effect of Al[sub(2)]O[sub(3)] Concentration on Friction and Wear Behavior
4.3.2 Effect of Reduced Graphene Oxide Concentration on Friction and Wear
4.3.3 Extreme Pressure (EP) Test
4.3.4 Worn Surface Analysis
4.4 Conclusions
References
5 Synergism of the Hybrid Lubricants to Enhanced Tribological Performance
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Experimental Details
5.2.1 Materials
5.2.2 Preparation of RGO-Al[sub(2)]O[sub(3)] Hybrid Lubricants
5.2.3 Tribological Testing
5.3 Results and Discussion
5.3.1 Effect of Concentration on Friction and Wear
5.3.2 Extreme Pressure (EP) Test
5.3.3 Worn Surface Analysis and Lubrication Mechanism
5.4 Conclusions
References
6 Recent Progress on the Application of Nano-Cutting Fluid in Turning Process
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Nanofluids: Preparation, Mechanisms and as a Cutting Fluid
6.3 Recent Studies on the Application of Nano-Cutting Fluid in the Turning Process
6.4 Challenges and Future Outlook
6.5 Conclusions
References
7 Dispersion Stability of Nanoparticles and Stability Measurement Techniques
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Stability of Nanofluids
7.3 Stability Valuation Techniques
7.3.1 Zeta-Potential
7.3.2 Turbidimetry
7.3.3 Ultraviolet–Visible (UV-VIS) Spectroscopy
7.3.4 Sedimentation Technique
7.3.5 Electron Microscopy and Light-Scattering Methods
7.4 Stability Enhancement Procedures
7.4.1 Addition of Surfactants
7.4.2 Surface Modification Techniques
7.4.3 Ultrasonic Agitation and Stirring
7.5 Conclusion
References
8 Natural Fiber–Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposites
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Different Types of Nanofillers Used in the Composites
8.3 Tribological Properties of Natural Fiber–Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposites
8.4 Mechanical Properties of Natural Fiber–Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposites
8.5 Applications of Natural Fiber–Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposites
8.5.1 Applications of Nanocellulose Fiber–Reinforced Composites in Biomedical Sector
8.5.2 Applications of Nano-Chitosan-Based Composites for Biomedical Composites
8.6 Conclusion and Future Scope
References
9 Epoxy-Based Nanocomposites: Tribological Characteristics and Challenges
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Epoxy Nanocomposites: Fabrication Aspects and Characteristics
9.3 Discussion
9.4 Challenges and Future Prospects
9.5 Conclusions
References
10 Tribo-Response of Multifunctional Polymer Nanocomposites
10.1 Introduction to Multifunctional Polymer Nanocomposites (MPNCs)
10.2 Multi-Component Multifunction System–Based MPNCs
10.3 Single Component Multifunction System–Based MPNCs
10.4 Tribo-Response of MPNCs
10.4.1 Type of Matrix
10.4.2 Type of Reinforcement
10.4.3 Fiber/Filler-Matrix Adhesion
10.4.4 Distribution and Dispersion of Nanofillers
10.4.5 Type of Transfer Film in the Sliding Wear Mode
10.4.6 Wear Mode Selected
10.5 Application of MPNCs
10.6 Future Scope of MPNCs
References
11 Synthesis of Nanomaterial Coatings for Various Applications
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Nanomaterials Synthesis Techniques
11.2.1 Plasma Spray
11.2.2 Cold Spray
11.2.3 Sputtering
11.2.4 Electroplating
11.2.5 Chemical Vapor Deposition
11.2.6 Spin Coatings
11.3 Area of Applications
11.3.1 Tribology
11.3.2 Defense
11.3.3 Biomedical
11.3.4 Micro-Electronics
11.3.5 Energy
11.3.6 Food Industry
11.4 Conclusion
References
12 Corrosion Mitigation Using Polymeric Nanocomposite Coatings
12.1 Introduction: Background and Concept
12.2 Corrosion Protection Mechanisms
12.2.1 Anodic Passivation
12.2.2 Cathodic Protection
12.2.3 Solution (Electrolytic) Inhibition
12.2.4 Active Corrosion Inhibition
12.3 Nanostructured Polymeric Coatings for Corrosion Mitigation
12.4 Nano-Core-Shell-Doped State-of-the-Art Polymeric Coatings for Corrosion Prevention
12.4.1 Development of Core-Shell Nanoparticles
12.4.2 Development of Nano-Core-Shell-Incorporated Polymer Coatings
12.4.3 Corrosion Response
12.5 Future Scope
References
13 Sustainable Nanomaterial Coatings for Anticorrosion: A Review
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Methods to Prepare Anti-Corrosive Coatings
13.2.1 Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD)
13.2.2 Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD)
13.2.3 Spray Coating
13.2.4 Sol-Gel
13.2.5 Electrodeposition
13.2.6 Laser Cladding
13.3 Types of Anti-Corrosive Nanocoatings
13.3.1 Metallic Nanocoatings
13.3.2 Ceramic Nanocoatings
13.3.3 Polymeric Nanocoatings
13.3.4 Multifunctional Anti-Corrosive Nanocoatings
13.4 Conclusion
References
14 Effect of Nano-Additives Lubricant on the Dynamic Performance of Textured Journal Bearing
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Lubrication Governing Equations
14.2.1 Non-Dimensional form of Reynold's Equation
14.2.2 Calculation of Lubricant Film Thickness
14.2.3 Finite Element Method
14.2.4 Boundary Conditions
14.3 Mathematical Viscosity Model
14.4 Solution Procedure
14.5 Steady-State Performance Parameters
14.5.1 Load-Carrying Capacity
14.5.2 Coefficient of Friction
14.6 Dynamic Performance Parameters
14.6.1 Stiffness Coefficients of Fluid Film
14.6.2 Fluid Film Damping Coefficients
14.6.3 Stability Parameters
14.6.3.1 Threshold Speed
14.6.3.2 Critical Mass
14.6.3.3 Whirl Frequency Ratio
14.7 Conclusion
Nomenclature
Greek Letter
Non-Dimensional Parameters
Vectors and Matrices
References
15 Impact of Nano-Lubricants on the Dynamic Performance of Journal Bearings with Surface Waviness
15.1 Introduction: Background and Literature
15.2 Lubrication Governing Equations
15.2.1 Reynolds Equation in its Non-Dimensional Form
15.2.2 Surface Waviness's Impact on Lubricant Film Thickness
15.2.3 Finite Element Analysis
15.2.4 Boundary Conditions
15.3 Mathematical Viscosity Model
15.4 Solution Methodology
15.5 Dynamic Performance Parameters
15.5.1 Stiffness Coefficients
15.5.2 Damping Coefficients
15.5.3 Stability Parameters
15.5.4 Threshold Speed
15.5.5 Critical Mass
15.5.6 Whirl Frequency Ratio
15.6 Conclusion
Nomenclature
Non-Dimensional Parameters
Vectors and Matrices
References
16 Effect of Nano-Hydroxyapatite and Post Heat Treatment on Biomedical Implants by Sol-Gel and HVOF Spraying
16.1 Introduction to Biotribology
16.2 Infection in Biomedical Implants
16.2.1 Different Stages of Bacterial Adhesion on Solid Surfaces
16.3 Biomedical Implants: Material of Construction and its Applications
16.4 Nanomaterials: Importance and its Application in Biomedical Implants
16.4.1 Nano-Hydroxyapatite Coatings and their Performance in Antimicrobial Treatment, Adhesion Strength, and Osteointegration
16.4.2 Influence of Addition of TiO[sub(2)] in HA Coating
16.5 HVOF Coating of Hydroxyapatite on Biomedical Implants
16.5.1 Advantage of Using Nano-Hydroxyapatite HVOF Coating
16.6 Sol-Gel Coating of Hydroxyapatite on Biomedical Implants
16.6.1 Advantage of Using Nano-Hydroxyapatite Sol-Gel Coating
16.7 Effect of Post Heat Treatment on Hydroxyapatite by Using Various Coating Techniques
16.7.1 Advantage of Post Heat Treatment on HA Coating
16.8 Market Evaluation and Future Perspectives of Biomedical Industry
16.9 Conclusion
References
Index