An exploration of climate challenges and near possible solution to improve yield, this edited book entitled "Molecular Response and Genetic Engineering for Stress in Plants, Volume 1: Abiotic stress" comprehensively and coherently reviews the different abiotic stress response mechanisms in plants with respect to the various aspects of rapidly growing omics techniques like genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and strategies through genetic engineering and molecular breeding for crop improvement. It provides a detailed examination of how genes and metabolites are modulated in plants in response to various stresses. The first volume covers the various abiotic stress response mechanisms in plants in the view of climate change and global food security.
Key Features:
- This book explains the different molecular mechanisms and genetic engineering strategies which have been developed and adopted to cope with consistent environmental changes and global climate change.
- It explores the latest developments concerning abiotic stress response at the molecular level for the improvement of crop quality and sustainable agriculture.
- It presents an exploration of the challenges and conceivable solutions to improve yields of the staple of food crops using data on agricultural sciences and omics technology.
- It discovers how the better understanding of molecular mechanisms of plant response to different stress would be used to improve the quantitative and qualitative features of crop plants and allied areas.
- At the end-of-chapter, there is an inclusion of problems and their solutions related to the respective chapter.
Author(s): Pawan Shukla, Anirudh Kumar, Manish K. Pandey, Rakesh Kumar
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 343
City: Bristol
PRELIMS.pdf
Preface
Editors biographies
Pawan Shukla
Anirudh Kumar
Anirudh Kumar
Manish K Pandey
List of contributors
CH001.pdf
Chapter 1 Understanding environmental associated abiotic stress response in plants under changing climate
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Aspects of abiotic stress
1.2.1 Types
1.2.2 Abiotic stress and oxidative stress
1.3 Major affected crops and resistant varieties
1.4 Key genes identified for abiotic tolerance
1.5 Recent examples of molecular approaches and outcomes: transgenics and CRISPR/Cas9
1.6 Conclusions
Acknowledgement
Multiple choice questions
Descriptive-type questions
References
CH002.pdf
Chapter 2 Metabolic engineering for understanding abiotic stress tolerance in plants
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Metabolomics-mediated interpretation of abiotic stress tolerance in plants
2.3 Abiotic-stress-induced adjustment of primary and secondary metabolites
2.4 Engineering metabolic genes and pathways to improve abiotic stress tolerance
2.4.1 Drought tolerance
2.4.2 Salinity stress tolerance
2.4.3 Heat stress tolerance
2.4.4 Cold stress tolerance
2.4.5 Heavy metals stress tolerance
2.5 Conclusions
Multiple choice questions
Descriptive-type questions
References
CH003.pdf
Chapter 3 The molecular basis of mineral toxicity in plants
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Plant growth responses in mineral-rich environments
3.3 Membrane transporters involved in the perception of mineral stress
3.4 Molecular targets of mineral toxicity
3.5 Mineral detoxification in plants
3.6 Conclusions
Fill in the blanks
Descriptive-type questions
References
CH004.pdf
Chapter 4 Mechanistic insight into understanding drought stress response in plants
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Mechanisms involved in drought tolerance
4.2.1 Morphological mechanisms
4.2.2 Physiological mechanisms
4.2.3 Molecular mechanisms
4.3 Functions of drought-inducible genes/drought-responsive genes
4.4 Towards an improved drought tolerance in plants
4.4.1 Genome editing for drought-tolerant crops
4.4.2 CRISPR technology: revolutionizing genome editing for crop improvement
4.5 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Multiple choice questions
Descriptive-type questions
References
CH005.pdf
Chapter 5 Engineering salt tolerance in crops: ion transporters and compatible solutes
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Physiological effects of salt stress on plant growth and development
5.3 Halophytes versus glycophytes
5.4 Salt stress sensing and signal transduction components
5.5 Sodium uptake and transport in plants
5.6 Transporters in salt stress
5.6.1 High-affinity potassium transporters
5.6.2 Salt overly sensitive
5.6.3 Proton pumps
5.6.4 Vacuolar H+-ATPase
5.6.5 Vacuolar H+ pyrophosphatases
5.7 Compatible solutes
5.7.1 Glycine betaine
5.7.2 Proline
5.8 Potassium transporters in salt tolerance
5.9 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Multiple choice questions
Descriptive-type questions
References
CH006.pdf
Chapter 6 Cold stress: molecular insight and way forward
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Sensing of cold stress signals
6.2.1 Cell membrane fluidity
6.2.2 Calcium (Ca2+) channels
6.2.3 Phytochromes
6.3 Molecular alterations during cold stress
6.4 Conclusions
Multiple choice questions
Descriptive-type questions
References
CH007.pdf
Chapter 7 Unraveling the molecular and genetic basis of plant responses to heat stress
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Plant responses to heat stress
7.2.1 Morphological responses
7.2.2 Anatomical responses
7.2.3 Phenological responses
7.3 Adaptation mechanisms of plants to heat stress
7.3.1 Heat avoidance
7.3.2 Heat tolerance
7.4 Molecular basis of the heat stress response
7.4.1 Oxidative stress and antioxidants
7.4.2 Heat shock proteins
7.4.3 Other heat-activated proteins
7.5 Functions of heat-inducible genes
7.5.1 Activation of signaling pathway
7.6 Conclusions
Multiple choice questions
Descriptive-type questions
References
CH008.pdf
Chapter 8 Oxidative stress responses in plants to abiotic stress tolerance
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Antioxidant defense system
8.2.1 Enzymatic antioxidants
8.2.2 Nonenzymatic antioxidants
8.3 Involvement of NADPH oxidase (NOX) during abiotic stress
8.4 Hormones’ interaction with antioxidants
8.5 Contribution of transcription factors
8.6 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Multiple choice questions
Descriptive-type questions
References
CH009.pdf
Chapter 9 Potential impacts of ultraviolet-B radiation on crop plants and its consequences
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Visual injury symptoms under UV-B exposure
9.3 Growth and morphological characteristics
9.4 Physiological and biochemical characteristics
9.4.1 Photosynthesis
9.4.2 Photosystem II
9.4.3 Photosystem I
9.4.4 ATPase complex
9.4.5 Photosynthetic pigments
9.4.6 Calvin cycle enzyme: Rubisco
9.4.7 Generation of reactive oxygen species
9.4.8 Secondary metabolites
9.5 Reproductive fitness, crop yield and its quality
9.6 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Multiple choice questions
Descriptive-type questions
References
CH010.pdf
Chapter 10 Physiological and molecular mechanisms of submergence and waterlogging stress tolerance in crops
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Changes in the physical and chemical properties of soil under waterlogged conditions
10.2.1 Anoxia in waterlogged soils
10.2.2 Change in electrochemical properties of the soil in lowlands
10.2.3 Changes in pH of the soil
10.2.4 Changes in redox potential (Eh) of the soil
10.2.5 Changes in specific conductance
10.2.6 Changes in mineral composition
10.2.7 Organic matter decomposition
10.3 Morphological and anatomical responses to flooding/waterlogging
10.3.1 Generation of aerenchyma
10.3.2 Barriers to radial oxygen loss to the rhizosphere
10.3.3 Formation of adventitious roots
10.3.4 Changes in morphology of shoots
10.4 Biochemical adaptations and stress signaling during submergence
10.4.1 Submergence adaptation strategies: LOQS and LOES
10.4.2 Energy metabolism under hypoxia
10.4.3 Effect of submergence in photosynthesis
10.4.4 Reactive oxygen species metabolism during flooding stress
10.4.5 Role of phytohormones in waterlogging stress tolerance
10.4.6 N-end rule pathway of targeted proteolysis
10.5 Molecular changes during submergence/waterlogging
10.5.1 Molecular mechanisms behind adventitious roots and aerenchyma formation
10.5.2 Role of transcription factors in submergence tolerance
10.5.3 Transcriptome studies on waterlogging stress
10.5.4 Genetic studies and quantitative trait locus identifications
10.6 Conclusions
Objective-type questions
Descriptive-type questions
References
CH011.pdf
Chapter 11 Understanding nitric oxide signaling: plant abiotic stress perspective
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Nitric oxide production: an evident outcome of multiple abiotic stresses
11.3 Nitric oxide biosynthesis in plants: molecular perspective
11.3.1 Sources of NO production in the plant kingdom
11.3.2 Plant hormones that regulate NO biosynthesis in plants during abiotic stress
11.3.3 Tools for detecting and manipulating NO in plants
11.4 Nitric oxide signaling: mode of action and cross-talk with co-signaling components
11.5 Modulating nitric oxide biosynthesis in plants for engineering abiotic stress tolerance
11.6 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Multiple choice questions
Descriptive-type questions
References
CH012.pdf
Chapter 12 Possible role of osmolytes in enhancing abiotic stress tolerance in plants
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Proline
12.3 Glycine betaine
12.4 Polyamines
12.5 Sugars
12.6 Conclusions
Multiple choice questions
Descriptive-type questions
References
CH013.pdf
Chapter 13 Secondary metabolites and plant abiotic stress responses
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Abiotic stresses and their consequences
13.3 Secondary metabolites and their biosynthesis in plants
13.4 Role of secondary metabolites in response to abiotic stress
13.4.1 Regulation of secondary metabolites
13.4.2 Secondary metabolites in abiotic stress
13.5 Secondary metabolites as plant signaling molecules during abiotic stress responses
13.6 Engineering abiotic stress tolerance
13.7 Conclusions
Multiple choice questions
Descriptive-type questions
References
