Measurements, Numerals and Scales: Essays in Honour of Stephanie Solt

Acknowledgments
Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
Introduction
1 Stephanie Solt: Her Influence as a Researcher, Colleague and Mentor
2 Measurement Theory
3 Numerical Expressions and Approximation
4 Scales and Polarity
5 Concluding Remarks and Wishes
References
Partitives, Comparatives and Proportional Measurement
1 Introduction
2 Background Assumptions on Decomposition
3 Solt's Generalization
4 Solt's 2018 Analysis
5 Problem: Varieties of Proportionality
6 Adapting Solt's Analysis
7 Concluding Thoughts
References
Modified Numerals, Vagueness, and Scale Granularity
1 Introduction
2 Implicatures from Modified Numerals
3 The Experimental Evidence
3.1 Methods and Procedure
3.2 Range of Expected Values
3.3 Most Likely Value
4 Discussion
References
Uncertainty, Quantity and Relevance Inferences from Modified Numerals
1 Introduction
2 Discriminability Versus Scalar Implicature
3 Implicatures from more than n when the Speaker has Uncertain Knowledge
4 Inferring the QUD from the Quantity Expression
5 Rationally Reconstructing the Causes of Speaker Meaning
6 Conclusion
References
Around ``Around''
1 Introduction
2 Around vs. Between
3 A Weak Parametric Semantics for ``Around''
4 ``Around'' as an Existential Quantifier
5 The Accounts Compared
6 Spatial Locations and Nearness
7 Conclusions
References
Evaluative Intensification and Positive Polarity: Catalan WELL as a Case Study
1 Introduction
2 Intensification, Valence and Evaluativity
3 The Case Study: BEN
3.1 Interaction with Scale Structure and Valence
3.2 BEN in Entailment-Cancelling Contexts
3.3 Lexical Semantics of BEN
4 Intensification and PPI-Hood
4.1 ch6soltwilsonsub
4.2 The PPI Behavior of BEN
5 Conclusions
References
She is Brilliant! Distinguishing Different Readings of Relative Adjectives
1 Introduction
1.1 Outline and Research Questions
1.2 Measurement Scales and Horn Scales
1.3 Negative Strengthening and its Polarity Asymmetry
2 Current Experiment
2.1 Goals and Predictions
2.2 Methods
2.2.1 Participants
2.2.2 Materials and Procedure
2.3 Results
3 Discussion and Conclusions
References
Numerals Denote Degree Quantifiers: Evidence from Child Language
1 Numerals and Upper Bounds
2 Experiment: Upper Bounds and Existential Modals in Child Language
3 Alternative Interpretations of Our Experimental Results
3.1 Scale Salience
3.2 `Playing It Safe'
3.3 Contextual Factors
4 Conclusion
References
Number, Numbers and the Mass/Count Distinction in Daakie (Ambrym, Vanuatu)
1 Introduction
2 Morphological Marking of Number
3 Expressing Number and Quantities
4 Basic Uses of Dual, Paucal and Plural
5 Honorific Use of Dual
6 Affiliative Use of Paucal
7 The Mass/Count Distinction
References
Representing Measurement: The View from Nominal Polysemy
1 Introduction
2 Measurement-Theoretic Characteristics of -th Nouns
3 The Polysemy of -th Nouns
4 Measurement-Theoretic Characteristics and Polysemy in a Broader Perspective
References
On the Status of Post-nominal Q Superlatives in Romanian
1 Introduction
2 The Possible Readings of Q Superlatives in Romanian
3 Explaining the Special Status of Post-nominal Q Superlatives
3.1 The Double Definiteness Construction (DDC)
3.2 Post-nominal Q Superlatives and the DDC
3.3 Extending the Analysis to Non-Q Superlatives
4 Conclusion
References
Unknown Numbers
1 Numerals and Scope
2 Drawing Inspiration from Epistemic Adjectives
3 Scope and Scopelessness
4 Conclusion
References
Some Speculative Remarks on the Semantics of Money Phrases
1 Introduction
2 Three Uses for Money Phrases
2.1 Degree Uses
2.2 Concrete Entity Uses
2.3 Abstract Entity Uses
3 A Preliminary Attempt at Unification
4 Conclusion
References
Quantifying the Register of German Quantificational Expressions: A Corpus-Based Study
1 The SOLT
1.1 Methods for the Independent Validation of the SOLT
1.2 Results of the Validation Study
2 Quantificational Expressions
3 Conclusion
References
Domain Restricted Measure Functions and the Extent Readings of Relative Measures
1 Introduction
2 Degree vs. Extent Readings
3 Extent Readings
4 Degree Readings
5 On Proportional Measure Functions
6 Conclusions
References
Amazing-Hodo
1 Introduction
2 Triviality-Based Analysis of Polarity Sensitivity and Three Uses of Hodo
2.1 `As'/`So'-Hodo
2.2 `Amazingly'-Hodo as a `So'-Hodo Cousin
3 Analysis
3.1 Universal Quantifiers as PPIs
3.2 Exhaustification by Even-EXH and the PPI-Hood of `Amazingly'-Hodo
4 Conclusion
References
A Novel Probabilistic Approach to Linguistic Imprecision
1 Introduction
2 Background: RSA
3 Proposal
3.1 Introducing the `Partial-Truth' Speaker
4 Extensions
4.1 Introducing More Alternatives
4.2 Restricting the Set of Alternatives
5 Discussion and Conclusion
References
Modification of Measure Nouns
1 Introduction
2 COCA
3 Results
3.1 Rates of Co-occurrence
3.2 Measure-Noun Modifying Adjectives
4 Conclusions
References
Index