This book is designed as an undergraduate text for water and environmental engineering courses and as preliminary reading for postgraduate courses in water and environmental engineering- including introductory coverage of irrigation and drainage, water resources, hydrology, hydraulic structures, and more. The text and exercises have been classroom tested by undergraduate water and environmental engineering students and are augmented by material prepared for extramural short courses. It covers basic concepts of agricultural irrigation and drainage, including planning and design, surface intakes, economics, environmental impacts wetlands, and legal issues.
Features:
- Numerous illustrations throughout to clarify the concepts presented
- Examines and compares the advantages and disadvantages of several methods of irrigation practice
- Explains the integral components including pumps, filters, piping, valves, and more
- Considers fertilizer application and nutrient management
This comprehensive and well-illustrated book will be of great interest to students, professionals, and researchers involved with all aspects of water engineering, hydrology, and irrigation.
Author(s): Mohammad Albaji
Publisher: CRC Press
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 272
City: Boca Raton
Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Preface
Author
Acknowledgments
1. Hydraulic engineering
Reading for comprehension
Fundamental Principles
Fluid Mechanics
Behavior of Real Fluids
Real and Ideal Fluids
Viscous Flow
Laminar Flow and Turbulence
Bernoulli's Equation
Boundary Layer
Applications
Hydraulic Structure
Water Distribution Network
Sewage Collection Networks
Stormwater Management
Sediment Transport
Bibliography
2. River engineering
Reading for comprehension
Characteristics of Rivers
Size
Basin
Rate of Flow
Methods
Channelization
Advantages and Disadvantages
Canalization
Regulation Works (Flow and Depth Control)
Estuarine Works
Bibliography
3. Dams
Reading for comprehension
Types of Dams
By Structure
Arch Dams
Gravity Dams
Arch-Gravity Dams
Barrages
Embankment Dams
Rock-Fill Dams
Concrete-Face Rock-Fill Dams
Earth-Fill Dams
Asphalt-Concrete Core
By Size
By Use
Saddle Dam
Weir
Check Dam
Dry Dam
Diversionary Dam
Underground Dam
Tailings Dam
By Material
Steel Dams
Timber Dams
Other Types
Cofferdams
Beaver Dams
Dam Failure
Bibliography
4. Hydroinformatics
Reading for comprehension
Hydroinformatics History
How the Hydroinformatics Work
Physically-Based Modeling
Data-Driven Dodeling
Artificial Neural Networks
Agent-Based Modeling
Bibliography
5. Hydrogeology
Reading for comprehension
Aquifers
Saturated or Unsaturated
Confined or Unconfined
Isotropic or Anisotropic
Porous, Karst, or Fractured
Hydraulic Head
Porosity
Water Content
Storage Properties
Contaminant Transport Properties
Hydrodynamic Dispersion
Molecular Diffusion
Retardation by Adsorption
Pioneering Hydrogeologist
Governing Equations
Darcy's law
Groundwater Flow Equation
Bibliography
6. Hydrology science
Reading for comprehension
History of Hydrology
Hydrologic Cycle
Overview
Branches of hydrology
Related topics
Applications of hydrology
Hydrologic measurements
Hydrologic Prediction
Statistical Hydrology
Hydrologic Modeling
Hydrologic Transport
Bibliography
7. Water resources science
Reading for comprehension
Sources of Freshwater
Surface water
Under river flow
Groundwater
Desalination
Frozen water
Uses of freshwater
Agricultural
Industrial
Household
Recreation
Environmental
Water Stress
Population Growth
Expansion of Business Activity
Rapid Urbanization
Climate Change
Depletion of Aquifers
Pollution and Water Protection
Water and conflict
World Water Supply and Distribution
Economic Considerations
Business Response
Bibliography
8. Aquatic ecosystem
Reading for comprehension
Marine Ecosystem
Marine Ecosystem Classification
Coastal
Oceanic Zone
Marine Pollution
Freshwater Ecosystem
Freshwater Ecosystem Classification
Lentic
Lotic
Wetlands
Bibliography
9. Water quality sciences
Reading for comprehension
Standards
Categories
Human Consumption
Environmental Water Quality
Measurement
Testing in Response to Natural Disasters and Other Emergencies
Drinking Water
Environmental
Chemical assessment
Physical Assessment
Biological Assessment
Standards and Reports
Canada
European Union
United Kingdom
South Africa
United States
International Standards
Bibliography
10. Sewage treatment
Reading for comprehension
Origins of Sewage
Residences and institutions
Commercial
Hospital
Industrial
Urban Runoff
Stages of the Sewage Treatment Process
Pretreatment
Grit Removal
Flow Equalization
Fat and Grease Removal
Primary Treatment
Secondary Treatment
Tertiary Treatment
Filtration
Lagoons or Ponds
Biological Nutrient Removal
Disinfection
Fourth Treatment Stage
Odor Control
Bibliography
11. Surface irrigation
Reading for comprehension
The process
Basin Irrigation
Furrow Irrigation
Surge Irrigation
Bay/Border Strip Irrigation
Issues Associated with Surface Irrigation
Bibliography
12. Drip irrigation
Reading for comprehension
History
Components and Operation
Advantage and Disadvantages
The Disadvantages of Drip Irrigation are:
Dripper Line
Emitter
Bibliography
13. Sprinkler irrigation
Reading for comprehension
Center Pivot
Lateral Move (Side Roll, Wheel Line)
Advantages of Sprinkler Systems
Disadvantages of Sprinkler Systems
Bibliography
14. Water reuse for irrigation
Reading for comprehension
Water Reuse for Agricultural Irrigation
Benefits of Water Reuse in Agriculture
Health Risks of Water Reuse Agriculture
Agricultural Water Reuse Guidelines and Regulations
WHO Guidelines
EPA Guidelines
European Union Regulations
Bibliography
15. Irrigation system and structures
Reading for comprehension
Main Intake Structure and Pumping Station
Main intake structure
Pumping Station
Conveyance and Distribution System
Open Canals
Canal Characteristics
Earthen Canals
Lined Canals
Canal Structures
Erosion Control Structures
Canal erosion
Drop Structures and Chutes
Distribution Control Structures
Division Boxes
Checks
Crossing Structures
Flumes
Culverts
Inverted Siphons
Water Measurement Structures
Weirs
Parshall Flumes
Cut-throat Flume
Field Application Systems
Surface Irrigation
Furrow Irrigation
Border Irrigation
Basin Irrigation
Sprinkler Irrigation
Drip Irrigation
Drainage System
Bibliography
16. Agricultural drainage
Reading for comprehension
What is Agricultural Drainage?
What is Agricultural Drainage Needed?
Hydrology
Water Quality
Wetlands
Ways to Reduce the Potential Impacts of Agricultural Drainage
Improved Nutrient Management on Drained Soils
Changes in Cropping Systems
Improved Drainage System Design
Controlled Drainage
Surface Inlet Alternatives
Wetlands
Bibliography
Index
