Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research

Preface
Contents
About the Editor
Associate Editors
Reviewers
Contributors
1 Academic Procession: Bringing the History of Higher Education to Life
Introduction
Brief Biography
New England to California
High School and College Prep
From Comic Books to Campus View Books: College Admissions and Images
College Years at Brown University, 1965 to 1969
Going to Graduate School: University of California, Berkeley, 1969 to 1974
From Berkeley to the Blue Grass: Professor at the University of Kentucky, 1974-1977
From Kentucky to California: Gaining Experience in Administration and Public Policy
The College of William and Mary: Professor, 1981-1993
From Indiana University to the University of Kentucky, 1996 to 2022
Going Around in Academic Circles: Research and Development, 1970-2022
The Historical Base
Writing the Big Book: A History of American Higher Education
``Cliometrics´´ and the Colleges: Historical Statistics and Higher Education Research
The Continuing Interest in the Study of Intercollegiate Athletics
Higher Education and the Public Forum
Summary and Conclusion: Coming of Age in Higher Education
The Synergy of Teaching, Research, and Service
References
2 Historical Considerations of Women and Gender in Higher Education
Imagining a Gendered Lens: Three Calls over Forty Years
Gender, Women, and Intersectionality Working in Tandem
Review of the Literature
Femininities
Expectations and Roles: Wide-Angle Studies
Expectations and Roles: Focused Lenses
Southern Higher Education
Other Campus Spaces
Summary
Masculinities
Expectations and Roles: Wide-Angle Studies
Specific Means of Transmission
Gay Identity and Campus Purges
Summary
Intersectional Identities
Racial Considerations
Class Considerations
Religion
Summary
Coeducation
``Corrective´´ Work on Access and Agency
Post-1960s Push for Coeducation: The Influence of Markets
Summary
Professionals and Gender
Deans
Faculty
Philanthropy
Summary
Politics and Policy
Summary
Conclusions and Recommendations for Future Research
Future Directions
References
3 Whiteness Beyond (Just) White People: Exploring the Interconnections Among Dimensions of Whiteness in Higher Education
Introduction
Conceptualizing Whiteness and Critical Whiteness Studies
Why Study Whiteness in Higher Education?
Critical Whiteness Studies
Approaches to Conducting the Literature Search
Reflexivity Statements
Tenisha Tevis
Melvin Whitehead
Zak Foste
Antonio Duran
Review of the Literature
Ideological Dimension of Whiteness and Its Historical Legacies in US Higher Education
Ideological Constructs Used to Analyze Whiteness in US Higher Education
Institutional Dimension of Whiteness in US Higher Education
Institutional Responses to Racist Acts and Speech
Diversity Regimes and Discourse
Racialization of Institutional Spaces
Cocurricular Experiences
Classroom Experiences
Interpersonal Dimension of Whiteness in US Higher Education
Whiteness-at-Work
Racial Performances
Internalized Dimension of Whiteness
Developmental Perspectives on Whiteness and White College Students
White College Students´ Racial Attitudes and Ideologies
White Faculty and Administrators
Trends in the Literature
Approaches to the Work
Applications of the Work
Concluding Thoughts About the Literature
Charting the Future of Critical Analysis of Whiteness in Higher Education
Critical Dimensions of Whiteness Model
The Possibilities and Responsibilities of Studying Whiteness Using CWDM
Implications
Implications for Practice and Policy
Implications for Research
Qualitative Research
Quantitative Studies
Summary/Conclusion
References
4 Academic Freedom as a Professional, Constitutional, and Human Right
The AAUP and the Drive to Establish Academic Freedom and Tenure in US Higher Education
The Pre-Academic Freedom Period
The AAUP´s Role in Establishing Academic Freedom and Tenure as Professional Standards in US Higher Education
AAUP Formation
The 1915 Declaration of Principles on Academic Freedom and Academic Tenure
AAUP´s Formative Years, 1925 and 1940 Statements, and the ``Academic Revolution´´
Tenure as a Special Contractual Arrangement
The Contemporary Status of and Future Challenges to Tenure
Academic Freedom as a Constitutional Concern
A Promising Start to Academic Freedom and First Amendment Gives Way to Disagreement, Ambiguity, and Confusion
Garcetti v. Ceballos and New Questions over First Amendment Academic Freedom for Faculty
Considering Race-Conscious Admissions Cases and Their Implications for Institutional Academic Freedom
Comparative Lens on Academic Freedom
Academic Freedom as a Human Right in International Declarations
Threats to Academic Freedom Around the Globe
Opportunities for Future Research About the Importance of Academic Freedom
Conclusion
References
5 ``Getting to Where We Need to Be´´: (Re)Envisioning Postsecondary Education Through the Equity X Governance Paradigm
Introduction: An Origin Story and the Next Act - Background and Chapter Overview
Chapter Overview
Making the Case for a Paradigm Shift: From Equity and Governance Equity X Governance
Relevant Stakeholders: An Ecosystem Perspective on Equity X Governance
Mapping the Governance Ecosystem to Non-GB Actor´s Equity Work
The Equity X Governance Paradigm´s Nemeses: Naming Ecosystem Bottlenecks
Readying the Theoretical Frameworks
Critical Race Theory Overview
Standpoint Theory Overview
Standpoint Theory in Equity X Governance
Governance to What End?: A CRT Analysis
Taking a Step Back to Take a Leap Forward
Governance as Raceless and Unaware of Power Dynamics
Summary and Conclusions
Equity as the Fulcrum of Governance, But Where and How Do We Apply It: Core Challenges and Opportunities for Boards
What Do We Mean by Core Governance Practices?
Budget Maintenance
Presidential Selection
Upholding and Supporting the Mission, Values, and Purpose
Save the World on Your Own Time: Navigating ``Unchartered´´ Territory in Governance
All Eyes on Boards: Opportunities Before Boards of Higher Education
Diversify Board Demographics as a Genesis Not Completion
Wrap Up: The Future of Governance Practice
(Re)Envisioning Governance and Equity for the Future
The Equity X Governance Model: A (Re)Envisioned Approach for Transformation
Why Do GBs Exist?
What Are GBs For?
Who Are GBs Accountable To?
What Practices and Tools Should GBs Use to Accomplish Their Purpose?
Bringing It All Together
An Equity X Governance Model Counternarrative: The ``Case´´ of Justice University
Implications for Future Research: Defining a Praxis Agenda
Overview
Strengthening the Equity X Governance Paradigm Through Reflective Inquiry
Questions for Future Research Rooted in the Equity X Governance Paradigm
Methodological Advancement: Governance Participatory Action Research
Concluding Thoughts
References
6 Still Striving, and for What? Centering Equity in the Study of Prestige Seeking in Higher Education
Introduction: Purpose and Overview of Chapter
Introducing Prestige Seeking Within the Context of Inequity in Higher Education
Expanding Prestige-Seeking Research into the Future
Chapter Purpose and Guiding Questions
Assumptions About Higher Education Guiding This Work
Defining Prestige Seeking and Equity: An Engagement with Prestige and Equity as Ideology and Practice in Higher Education
Defining Equity for the Sake of Examining Prestige in Higher Education
Frameworks for Examining Equity in Higher Education
Defining Prestige Seeking
Why ``Prestige Seeking´´?
Tangible Aspects of Prestige Seeking
Intangible Aspects of Prestige Seeking
Prestige Seeking Versus Reputation Building in the Context of Equity
Situating Prestige Seeking
Contextualizing Higher Education
Accountability Demands and Levers
State Policy Reform and Additional Funding Mechanisms
A Changing Demographic Landscape
Situating Prestige in This Context
Prestige as Examined in Higher Education
The Academic Snake Monolith
Contributions of Research Within This Area
Moving Beyond the Snake
The Prestige Mosaic: Experiences of Prestige Seeking Within the Institution
What the Mosaic Shows Us
Expanding the Mosaic
Problematizing Prestige Seeking: Centering Implications
How Problematization Expands Our Understanding
Deepening Problematization
The Interplay of Prestige and Other Factors
Contributions of Prestige´s Interactions
What Is Beyond?
Prestige as Examined in Higher Education: Summarizing and Looking Ahead
The Future of Prestige-Seeking Research
Furthering Institutional Lenses
Expanding Theoretical Lenses and Traditions
Multi-Paradigmatic Inquiry
Methodological Expansions to Accommodate These Approaches
Measuring Prestige Outcomes
Capturing the Role of Equity in Prestige Systems
Framework for Centering Equity in Prestige-Seeking Research
Concluding Thoughts
References
7 Ph.D. Pathways to the Professoriate: Affordances and Constraints of Institutional Structures, Individual Agency, and Social ...
Introduction
Guiding Framework
Types of Faculty and Institutions
Nontenure Track Appointments
Tenure Track Positions and Variation by Institution Type
Entering the Modern Era of Graduate Education Research
A Programmatic Effort to Change Doctoral Education: Preparing Future Faculty
Socialization as an Explanatory Framework for US Doctoral Education
Socialization Stages
Current Conceptualizations of Socialization
Mechanisms of Socialization
Cognitive Apprenticeship
Scholarly Writing and Publication
Mentoring Networks
Empirical Challenges to Graduate Socialization Theory
Summary
Evolution of Doctoral Career Pathways
Expanding Our Understanding of Ph.D. Career Pathways
Well-Being, Work-Life Balance, and Considerations of Career Choices
Contextualizing the Growth of Nonacademic Careers
Pathways to Faculty Positions
Mechanisms of Faculty Preparation in Doctoral Education
Understanding of Research Processes
Understanding Approaches to Teaching and Mentoring
Understanding Service and Service-Oriented Engagement
Summary
Systems of Power, Agency, and the Inequity of Faculty Opportunities
Graduate Admissions as a Gatekeeping Mechanism
Student Debt and Generational Wealth Impact Faculty Career Choices
How Doctoral Advisors Uphold Imbalanced Power in Faculty Pathways
Institutional Policies and Benchmark Assessments as Gatekeeping Mechanisms
Institutional Prestige and Productivity
Disciplinary Environments Impact on Faculty Pathways
Summary
Labor Market Issues and Realities
The Academic Capitalist Regime
STEM Fields Valued Over Other Academic Disciplines
Exploitation of Academic Labor
Considering the Future of Ph.D. Labor
Postdoctoral Labor Precarity
Implications of Postdoctoral Trends on Faculty Pathways
Summary
Moving into the Future
Implications for Policy and Practice
Conclusion
References
8 Reimagining Faculty Development: Activating Faculty Learning for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Defining Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Higher Education Context
Current Model of Faculty Development
Faculty Advancement
Instructional Development
Guiding Conceptual Framework: Faculty as Learners
Faculty Members´ Funds of Knowledge
Content of Faculty Learning
Conditions of Faculty Learning
Contexts of Faculty Learning
Intersectionality in Learning
DEI Faculty Development
DEI Faculty Advancement
Faculty Search, Recruitment, and Hiring Attentive to DEI
DEI Faculty Onboarding and Socialization
DEI Faculty Retention Efforts: Mentoring, Career, and Research Support Attentive to DEI
Two Approaches to DEI Faculty Advancement
Faculty as Learners in DEI Faculty Advancement
Funds of Knowledge
Content of Learning
Conditions of Learning
Contexts of Learning
DEI Instructional Development
Guiding Principle: Inclusive Teaching
Aims of DEI Instructional Development
Forms of DEI Instructional Development
Faculty as Learners in DEI Instructional Development
Funds of Knowledge
Content of Learning
Conditions of Learning
Contexts of Learning
Moving Forward: Reconceptualizing Faculty Development to be Anchored in DEI
Approach Faculty as Learners
Enact a Holistic Model of Faculty Development
Conceptualize DEI Faculty Development as a Mediator of Institutional Cultural Change
Closing
References
9 A Review of Vertical and Horizontal Transfer Student Transitions and Experiences
Introduction
Transfer as an Undergraduate Student Pathway: An Overview of Terminology, History, and Mission
Exploring How Students Navigate Transfer Pathways to Receiving Institutions
Transfer Choice and Search Process
Demographic Factors Associated with Transfer
Structural Forces Impacting Transfer
Institutional Barriers to Transfer
Exploring Students´ Post-transfer Experiences at the Receiving Institution
Transfer Shock
Students´ Adjustment, Integration, and Engagement
Integrating into a New Environment
Engagement Among Transfer Students
Momentum
Sense of Belonging
Transfer Student Identity
Frameworks Used in Previous Research About Transfer Students´ Experiences
Transfer Student Capital
Validation Theory
Transfer Receptive Culture
Moving Transfer Research and Practice into New Directions
The Need for Recognizing Variations Within Transfer
The Importance of Utilizing Asset-Based Approaches
Conclusion: Next Steps to Consider
References
10 Trigger Warnings: From Sword Fights to Campus Carry in Higher Education
Introduction
The Rhetoric of Armament
Rewriting the Right to Bear (Carry) Arms
Heller and McDonald: SCOTUS Creates Private Right to Bear Arms
Originalism and English Common Law
Weapons in the Medieval University and Colonial Colleges
Mass Murders on College Campuses
The University of Texas
Kent State University
Jackson State College
Cal State-Fullerton
University of Iowa
Virginia Tech University
Northern Illinois University
The California Shootings: Oikos, Santa Monica, and UC-Santa Barbara
Umpqua Community College
Review of the Literature
Surveys of Students, Faculty, and Staff
Other Empirical Approaches
Statistical Analyses
Single-Site Case Studies
Qualitative Methods
Systematic Reviews of the Literature
Reports
Essays
Campus Carry in Court
Foundational Law Reviews
Other Legal Perspectives on Campus Carry
Where Modern Scholarship All Started: The University of Texas at Austin
The Perpetual Cycle: Campus Carry in 2022
The Game Changer: New York State Rifle & Pistol Association Inc. v. Bruen (2022)
Post-Bruen Realities for Campus Carry
Summary
References
11 Bridging Criminal Justice Scholarship into the Field of Higher Education: Implications for Research, Practice, and Policy
Introduction
K-12 Schooling Disciplining Practices and Their Influences on Entry into the Criminal Justice System
K-12 School Disciplining Patterns
Suspensions and Expulsions as School Discipline Types with Implications for Entry into the Criminal Justice System
Understanding How K-12 Educators Use School Discipline Practices
The Negative Consequences of Suspensions and Expulsion for College Access
Detrimental Effects of School Disciplining Practices on Black and Latinx Students of Color
Girls of Color and Negative Schooling Experiences
Tracking into Continuation or Alternative Schools as Part of the School-to-Prison Nexus
The Provision of Postsecondary Education for Current or Formerly Incarcerated Individuals
Recent Law and Policies Affecting Incarcerated Peoples´ Access to Postsecondary Education
The Benefits of Prison Education Programs for Individuals and Society
Variability in Access to Prison Education Programs
Different Types of Prison Education Programs
Barriers to Accessing Prison Education Programs
Unanticipated or Anticipated Changes in Position or Status Within and Between Prisons
Conflicts Between Incarcerated Individuals´ Work and Schooling Schedules
Limited Access to Student Services to Navigate Program Completion
Barriers to Accessing Postsecondary Education After Release from Prison
Required Self-Disclosure of Criminal Convictions
Navigating the Financial Aid Process
Reentry Program Types That Promote Postsecondary Access for Formerly Incarcerated People
Reentry Programs at the Community College Level
University Level
Community Organizations and Nonprofits´ Role in Reentry Programs
Conclusion
References
12 An Evolving QuantCrit: The Quantitative Research Complex and a Theory of Racialized Quantitative Systems
A Few Caveats
Author Positionality
Critiques of Quantitative Research and Data
Exposing Racial Bias in Numbers
Highlighting the Role of Racial Context
Critiquing the Quantitative Data Use in Policy
The Outer Edges and Expanding the Critique
Critical Systemic and Theoretical Contexts
Neoliberalism
Systemic Racism
The Role of Social Structures in Systems of Oppression
History and Evolution of the Quantitative Research Complex
Rise of Eugenics
Rise of Neoliberalism
Rise of the Quantitative Research Complex
Elements of the Quantitative Research Complex
A Systems Theory of Racialized Quantitative Inquiry
Conclusion
References
Contents of Previous Five Volumes
Index