"Heating Systems: Design, Applications and Technology first discusses the development of different types of district heating systems, highlighting the main features of low temperature district heating and discussing its potential for supplying decarbonised heat. As buildings consume about 40% of the world's annual energy consumption globally, the authors focus on the evaluation of residential heating system alternatives using fuzzy numbers. Multi-criteria decision making techniques, fuzzy AHP and fuzzy ANP methods are used for evaluation and the results of both algorithms are compared. Research is presented which is aimed at designing a logistics system for X Gas Company to ensure efficient distribution of liquefied petroleum gas, which begins with the ordering process and ends with the placement of stations in Istanbul-Turkey, taking into account the storage, preparation, loading and delivery operations of X Gas Company. In closing, three types of electro heating skin-systems are presented and the main features of skin heating systems are considered. The advantages of these systems for heating extra-long pipelines transporting oil, gas, water and other liquids are explored"--
Author(s): Elias Moore
Series: Electrical Engineering Developments
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
Year: 2020
Language: English
Pages: 126
City: New York
Contents
Preface
Chapter 1
Decarbonising Heating Systems: The Role of Low Temperature District Heating
Abstract
Introduction
District Heating System
Temperature Levels
Heat Supply Potential
Advantages of LTDH
Lower Heat Losses
Better Quality Match between Heat Supply and Heat Demand and Higher Exergy Efficiency
Better Utilisation of Low Temperature Heat Sources
Higher Power-to-Heat Ratio in Steam CHP Plants
Direct Flue Gas Condensation Leading to Higher Heat Utilization
Greater Utilization and Reduced Heat Loss in Thermal Storage Units
Higher Efficiency
Reduced Thermal Stress on Pipelines
Lower Risk of Scalding
Future Ready Systems
Simulation of Impact of Lower Supply Temperature in DH System
Description of Simulated DH System
Salient Parameters for Considered Case
Simulation Results
Impact on Electricity Consumption
Impact on Exergy Efficiency
Challenges in Lowering Temperatures in DH
High Specific Heat Demand in Buildings
Hot Water Storage at Temperature Greater Than 55-60 C
Improper Heating System Design
Errors at Substation and Customer Heating System
Solutions for Lowering Temperatures in DH
Deep Retrofits of Building Envelope
Segregation of DHW and SH Supply
Other Measures
Replacing District Heating Pipes
Implementation of LTDH
Examples of LTDH Systems
Conclusion
References
Chapter 2
Residential Heating System Selection Using MCDM Techniques
Abstract
Introduction
Energy Consumption in Housing
Unvented Fuel-Fired Heaters
HVAC Systems
Electric Integrated Systems, Heat Pumps
Radiator Heating Systems
Floor Heating Systems
Materials and Methods
Participants
Fuzzy AHP Methodology
Fuzzy ANP Methodology
Application: Evaluation of Heating System Alternatives
Computational Results of Fuzzy AHP Methodology
Computational Results of Fuzzy ANP Methodology
Conclusion
References
Chapter 3
Designing a Logistics System to Ensure Efficient Distribution of LPG Energy
Abstract
Introduction
Logıstıcs
Logıstıcs Costs
Hazardous Materıals Logıstıcs
Vehıcle Routıng Problems
Applıcatıon
Vehıcle Routıng Model
Assumptions
Conclusion
References
Chapter 4
Skin-Systems for Heating Extra-Long Pipelines
Introduction
Brief Description of Skin Systems
Schematic Diagram of a Closed Skin-Heating System
Schematic Diagram of an Open Skin-Heating System
Feature of Skin Systems
Relationship of Specific Power and Length of Heating System
Technical and Economic Efficiency of Introduction of Skin-Heating Systems of Extra-Long Pipelines
System Implementation
References
Index
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